Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang

The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK), also commonly known, especially when referenced historically, as the Left Kuomintang or Left Guomindang, is one of the eight minor political parties that exist under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party, in the People's Republic of China.[1]

This article is about the party in the People's Republic of China. For the political party active in the Republic of China (Taiwan), see Kuomintang.

Revolutionary Committee
of the Chinese Kuomintang
中国国民党革命委员会
Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Gémìngwěiyuánhuì
Chungkuo Kuomintang Komingweiyüanhui
AbbreviationRCCK
ChairmanZheng Jianbang
Founded1 January 1948 (1948-01-01)
Split fromLeft-wing of the Kuomintang
HeadquartersDonghuachenggen South Street
Donghuamen Subdistrict, Beijing
NewspaperTuanjie Bao (Unity Daily)
Tuanjie (Unity)
Membership (2022)158,000
Ideology
National People's Congress (14th)
44 / 2,980
NPC Standing Committee
6 / 175
Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
65 / 544
(Seats for political parties)
Website
www.minge.gov.cn
Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中国国民党革命委员会
Traditional Chinese中國國民黨革命委員會
Literal meaning"Revolutionary Committee of the Nationalist Party of China"
Abbreviation
Chinese民革
Tibetan name
Tibetanཀྲུང་གོ་གོ་མིན་ཏང་གསར་བརྗེ་ཨུ་ཡོན་ལྷན་ཁང
Zhuang name
ZhuangCunghgoz Gozminzdangj Gwzming Veijyenzvei
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicДундад улсын гоминдангийн хувьсгалын зөвлөл
Mongolian scriptᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ
Uyghur name
Uyghurجۇڭگو گومىنداڭ ئىنقىلابىي كومىتېتى‎
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᠮᡳᠨᡬᡝ
RomanizationMing'e

It was founded in January 1948, during the height of the Chinese Civil War, by members of the left-wing of the Kuomintang (KMT), especially those who were against Chiang Kai-shek's policies. The first chairman of the party was General Li Jishen, a senior Nationalist military commander who had many disputes with Chiang over the years, while Soong Ching-ling (the widow of Sun Yat-sen) was named Honorary Chairwoman.[2] Other early leading members were Wang Kunlun, Cheng Qian, He Xiangning and Tao Zhiyue. The party claims to be the true heir of Sun Yat-sen's legacy and his Three Principles of the People. In December 2022, the party had around 158,000 members.[3]

Among the officially sanctioned political parties of the People's Republic of China, the Revolutionary Committee is officially ranked second after the CCP, being the first-ranking minor party.[4] Thus, the Revolutionary Committee is allotted the second highest number of seats in the People's Political Consultative Conference (30%). It also owns numerous assets, some formerly owned by the Kuomintang, throughout mainland China. The Revolutionary Committee operates a range of party-owned institutions, such as party schools.

History

After the end of World War II, the relationship between the Chinese Kuomintang and the CCP, who had allied to fight the Japanese, became increasingly tense; ultimately, both sides restarted the civil war, which World War II had interrupted. In 1945 and 1946, members of the Kuomintang's left formed the Three Principles of the People Confederation of Comrades and the Kuomintang Democratic Promotion Association in Chongqing and Guangzhou, respectively.

In November 1947, the first joint representative meeting of the Kuomintang left was held in Hong Kong; on 1 January 1948, the meeting announced the official establishment of the "Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee", and nominated Soong Ching-ling, the widow of Sun Yat-sen, as the Honorary Chairwoman of the Revolutionary Committee (despite Soong Ching-ling never formally joining the commission).[5][6][7]

Chairman Li Jishen, He Xiangning, and Feng Yuxiang were selected as the central leadership of the organization.[8] In 1949, Li Jishen and other representatives of the RCCK were invited by the CCP to participate in Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.[5]

People's Republic of China

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in October 1949, members of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee maintained positions in the municipal and central governments.[8]

In November 1949, the second congress of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee was held in Beijing. At the second congress, the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, Chinese Nationalist Democratic Promotion Association, the Comrades of the Three Peoples Principles, and other members of the Kuomintang's left wing agreed to merge and form the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang.[8]

Soong Ching-ling served as Vice President of the People's Republic of China and Honorary President of the People's Republic of China. Li Jishen served as Vice Chairman of the Central People's Government and Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission.

Today, the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang focuses on improving relations with the Kuomintang on Taiwan, and its membership mainly consists of the descendants of Kuomintang revolutionaries.[8][9] It recruits members with current ties to Taiwan who support Chinese unification.[6]

Organization
The central committee of RCCK

The highest body of the RCCK officially is the National Congress, which is held every five years. 14th National Congress, held in December 2022, was the most recently held Party Congress.[10] The National Congress elects the Central Committee of the RCCK.

According to its constitution, the RCCK is officially committed to socialism with Chinese characteristics and upholding the leadership of the CCP.[11][12]

Central Committee

The Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang is the highest body of the RCCK between National Congresses. It has six working departments:[13]

  • General Office
  • Organization Department
  • Propaganda Department
  • Liaison Department
  • Social Services Department
  • Research Department.

The Central Committee additionally owns the newspapers Unity Daily (团结报; Tuánjié Bào) and Unity (团结; Tuánjié).[14] The Central Committee is headed by a chairperson, who is assisted by several vice chairpersons. The current leaders of the RCCK are:

RCCK Central Committee Chairman

RCCK Central Committee Vice Chairpersons
  • He Baoxiang (First-ranking)
  • Liu Jiaqiang
  • Li Huidong
  • Tian Hongqi
  • Wang Hong
  • Feng Gong
  • Wu Jing
  • Ouyang Zehua
  • Gu Zhenchun
  • Chen Xingying

Historical leaders

Chairpersons of the Central Committee
  1. Li Jishen (李济深), 1948–1959
  2. He Xiangning (何香凝), 1960–1972
  3. Zhu Yunshan (朱蕴山), 1979–1981
  4. Wang Kunlun (王昆仑), 1981–1985
  5. Qu Wu (屈武), 1987–1988
  6. Zhu Xuefan (朱学范), 1988–1992
  7. Li Peiyao (李沛瑶), 1992–1996
  8. He Luli (何鲁丽), 1996–2007
  9. Zhou Tienong (周铁农), 2007–2012
  10. Wan Exiang (万鄂湘), 2012–2022
  11. Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), 2022–present[15]

Honorary Chairpersons of the Central Committee
  1. Song Qingling (宋庆龄), 1948–1949
  2. Qu Wu (屈武), 1988–1992
  3. Zhu Xuefan (朱学范), 1992–1996
  4. Hou Jingru (侯镜如), 1992–1994
  5. Sun Yueqi (孙越崎), 1992–1995

Chairpersons of provincial committees

Electoral history

National People's Congress elections
Election year Number of seats
2017–18
43 / 2,970

See also

References
  1. Lawrence, Susan V.; Martin, Michael F. (20 March 2013). "Understanding China's Political System" (PDF). Federation of American Scientists. Congressional Research Service. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 March 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  2. "Song Qingling | Chinese political leader". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  3. "Zheng Jianbang elected chairman of Chinese KMT Revolutionary Committee". Xinhua News Agency. 11 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  4. "我国八个民主党派排序考". Lishui Municipal Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  5. "Zhōngguó guómíndǎng gémìng wěiyuánhuì" 中国国民党革命委员会 [The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang]. SCUT. South China University of Technology. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  6. "The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK) - China Yearbook 2004". State Council of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  7. Andreyev, S. P. (7 July 1949). Democratic parties and groups in the Preparatory Committee to convene a Political Consultative Conference (Report). Translated by Goldberg, Gary. Cold War International History Project. Retrieved 18 March 2021 – via Wilson Center.
  8. "Zhōngguó guómíndǎng gémìng wěiyuánhuì jiǎnjiè" 中国国民党革命委员会简介 [Introduction to the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 9 April 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  9. Yan, Yan; Qin, Hua, eds. (16 September 2019). "Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Gémìng Wěiyuánhuì Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì zhǔxí Wàn Èxiāng jìyǔ Xīn Zhōngguó chénglì 70 zhōunián" 中国国民党革命委员会中央委员会主席万鄂湘 寄语新中国成立70周年 [Wan Exiang, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, sent a message to the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China]. People's Daily. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019.
  10. "Chinese KMT Revolutionary Committee convenes 14th national congress | english.scio.gov.cn". english.scio.gov.cn. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  11. 民革第十三次全国代表大会暨民革成立70周年纪念大会在京开幕 王沪宁代表中共中央致贺词-人民资讯-人民网 [13th National Congress of the RCCK and the Commemorative Meeting of the 70th Anniversary of RCCK Open in Beijing; Wang Huning Delivers a Congratulatory Speech on Behalf of the CPC Central Committee]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 20 December 2017. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  12. 中国国民党革命委员会章程（2017年12月23日）-人民资讯-人民网 [Constitution of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (December 23, 2017)]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 23 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 July 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  13. "民革中央机构" [Central Organization of the RCCK]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 8 August 2008. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  14. "Unity Daily" 团结报数字报 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  15. "Introduction to the Central Leadership of the national Revolutionary Committee (including current and previous leaders)" 民革中央领导简介（包括现任领导、历届领导）. Minge.gov.cn (in Chinese). 24 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  16. United States. Joint Publications Research Service (1985). China report: political, sociological and military affairs, Issues 19-24. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. p. 103. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
  17. 《中国人名大辞典》编辑部 (1994). Who's who in China current leaders. Foreign Languages Press. p. 185. ISBN 7-119-00725-4. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
Look up Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.