National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame

The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame is an independent organization whose mission is to educate and to celebrate, preserve, promote, and present rhythm and blues music globally.[4]

National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame
Formation2010|01|30
FounderLaMont D. Robinson | Executive Director Russell M. Johnson | Creative Director
FocusDedicated to preserving and honoring the historical and cultural legacy and contributions of R&B music and its artists of Yesterday, Tomorrow and Today!
Location
  • United States
Key people
Lamont "ShowBoat" Robinson, Founder/CEO[1] and executive Director[2][3] Russell Johnson, Creative Director
Websitehttps://rbhof.com

History

The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame was founded in 2010. Its name was originally the Official Rhythm & Blues Music Hall of Fame. It was founded and developed by the very successful American professional basketball player LaMont "ShowBoat" Robinson, who is also an R&B activist and an entrepreneur.[4][5] Robinson is also the founder and owner/player of the comedy basketball team the Harlem Clowns.[6]

Robinson's love for R&B and soul music began at an early age. He would often attend music practice sessions with his musician uncle, a house band member at Leo's Casino,[1] a night club in Cleveland, Ohio. It was one of the premier clubs in the Midwest during the 1960s for R&B, jazz, and African American comedians such as Redd Foxx, Flip Wilson, Richard Pryor and Moms Mabley. This love for R&B inspired Robinson to start collecting memorabilia and artifacts that reflect the history of the rhythm and blues era. Robinson collected many of these exclusive and rare items while traveling all over the world to play basketball with the Globetrotters and other teams.[7]

Realizing that his collection had grown to a size worthy of a museum, Robinson wanted to share or donate some of his collection to an officially recognized location. However, he was unable to locate a place that exclusively displayed, celebrated, and collected information about the great accomplishments of R&B artists besides the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his hometown Cleveland. While donating some items to the Rock Hall, he realized that this would never give a lot of well-deserving R&B artists the type of recognition or honor that they deserve. He then decided to pursue creating such a place, acquiring the support of friends, some of which are Rhythm & Blues and Jazz musicians.

After many years of planning, a mobile museum debuted in February 2012.[8] An annual Hall of Fame induction ceremony followed honoring artists, non-musical individuals, venues, events, and anything that has influenced the world of R&B music. A permanent physical museum was ultimately planned.

National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame weekend, induction ceremony

The Inaugural Official Rhythm & Blues Music Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony was held on August 17, 2013 at the Waetjen Auditorium at Cleveland State University in Cleveland.[9] The first class of inductees included recording acts The Supremes, The Temptations, The Marvelettes, The O'Jays,[8] Martha & The Vandellas (Martha Reeves, Rosalind Holmes, and Annette Helton), The Dramatics, Ruby & The Romantics, and The Dazz Band Featuring Jerry Bell and Little Jimmy Scott; historic venue Leo's Casino; international journalist Larry Cotton; and radio hosts Tom Joyner[8] and Tim Marshall.[10] On December 20, 2017, 17 names were added to the list of inductees as 20th Century Early Music Influences such as Sammy Davis, Jr, Ruth Brown, Bill Haley, Louis Armstrong and others. On February 17, 2018, the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame founder LaMont "ShowBoat" Robinson lifelong Temptations fan and collector gave a tribute concert for the late great Dennis Edwards, called The Dennis Edwards Tribute to honor him for all his musical work and for his family and fans in Detroit, MI at Bert's Entertainment Complex to a packed house. Edwards was inducted into the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame in 2013 with The Temptations and in 2015 with his own group The Temptations Review feat Dennis Edwards. The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame has announced it will forgo its live induction ceremony honoring its 2020 class due to the coronavirus pandemic. In a statement, released by the Founder/CEO LaMont Robinson he said, "Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame will replace the live annual induction ceremony with a special online salute honoring the class of 2020 Inductees on its official website @ www.rbhof.com The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame induction committee group will combine the 2020 and the 2021 class together, and will have a special class of 16 inductees this year called the 2020 Posthumously Class of Pioneers. The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame also added that the 2021 Music Hall of Fame Weekend will resume next August 2022. The 2021 10th annual induction ceremony was originally scheduled for this past August @ the Charles H. Wright Museum in Detroit, Michigan. Over the years, the National Rhythm & Blues of Fame inductions have taken place at the following locations.

DateVenueLocation
August 17, 2013Waetjen Auditorium Cleveland St. UniversityCleveland, OH
August 24, 2014Palace TheatreCanton, OH
June 6, 2015Clarksdale Civic AuditoriumClarksdale, MS
October 4, 2015Charles H. Wright Museum Of African American HistoryDetroit, MI
August 21, 2016Ford Community & Performing Arts CenterDearborn, MI
June 11, 2017Detroit Music Hall Center for the Performing ArtsDetroit, MI
June 3, 2018Charles H. Wright Museum Of African American HistoryDetroit, MI
June 23, 2019Charles H. Wright Museum Of African American HistoryDetroit, MI
August 29, 2020Online Announcement Due To COVID-19Detroit, MI
August 10, 2021Online Announcement Due To COVID-19Detroit, MI
September 30, 2022R&B Hall Of Fame Ground SiteMarks, MS
September 24, 2023The Hawk Center in Farmington HillsDetroit, MI

Hall of Fame

The main purpose of developing the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame is to collect and preserve artifacts and to document the accomplishments of individuals involved in R&B and Hip-Hop music.

The location for the Hall of Fame has not been decided even though many cities have expressed interest. Once built the museum will house a collection of historical artifacts and interactive presentations. It will also provide an educational wing that will contain a library and research department, a gift shop, and possibly a juke joint style soul food restaurant. A 1,500-seat theater will allow for small concerts, lectures, and the showing of documentaries. The Hall of Fame section of the facility will be a dynamic area that honors the legends and individuals who have been inducted. The Museum section will display historical and present-day artifacts that have been and are still being collected.

The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame will exhibit present-day music contributions and the history of Rhythm & Blues, Blues, Hip-Hop, Gospel, and Jazz music from the early days originating in the 1940s when "urban-based music with a heavy insistent beat" was becoming more popular. It will explore the Chitlin' Circuit where black-only clubs existed and supported black musicians. The museum plans to provide information about well-known as well as unknown artists, and non-artist who have had a major influence on all-black music. Plans "include an African American Music Research Center, Gospel Music & Preachers Experience and the Hip Hop of America".[1]

Mobile Exhibit

The National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame will be an innovative traveling exhibit housing memorabilia spanning the era of R&B/Hip-Hop and other music Jazz and the Blues is designed to travel throughout the country setting up at various locations such as libraries, schools, churches, community centers and special events. The mobile museum is an educational approach to present historical artifacts to areas of the country that would not have heard about the museum and would pique the interest of potential tourist that may visit the actual museum. The museum has collected and is still in the process of collecting thousands of rare treasures. Among its present collection are rare photos, original documents, and many items from artists whose contributions helped shape an important era of the music industry. The collection will be an unparalleled representation of any music memorabilia collection. These original items which mostly have been donated by the artist and non-artist or their estates, cover the beginnings of R&B and Black Music from its early days in the 1930s to the present day.

Members

NameContributionYear inducted
James BrownMusician, singer, dancer2013[8]
Call and PostPublication2013
The Chi-LitesVocal group2013
The CloversVocal group2013[8]
Sam CookeSinger, songwriter, record label executive2013
Larry CottonJournalist2013
Dazz BandBand2013
The DramaticsVocal group2013[11]
The Dynamic SuperiorsVocal group2013
EnchantmentVocal group2013
The Four TopsVocal group2013[11]
The HesitationsVocal group2013
Little Willie JohnSinger2013
Tom JoynerRadio host2013
Leo's CasinoHistoric Venue (Cleveland, Ohio)2013[8]
Gerald LevertSinger2013[12]
Little Jimmy ScottJazz artist2013
Tim MarshallRadio host, educator2013
The MarvelettesVocal group2013
The Ohio PlayersBand2013[8]
The O'JaysVocal group2013
Otis ReddingSinger2013[8]
Ruby & The RomanticsVocal group2013
David RuffinSinger2013
Sly, Slick & WickedVocal group2013
Sounds of Unity and Love (S.O.U.L.)Band2013
Edwin StarrSinger2013
Barrett StrongSongwriter2013
The SupremesVocal group2013
The TemptationsVocal group2013[8][11]
UpbeatTV show2013
Martha and the VandellasVocal group2013[8]
Kim WestonSinger2013
Jackie WilsonSinger2013[11]
The AndantesVocal group2014[2]
Gene ChandlerSinger2014[2][11]
Chubby CheckerSinger2014[2][13][14]
The DelfonicsVocal group2014[2][13]
The Fantastic FourVocal group2014
The Funk BrothersMusicians2014[2][11][13]
Marvin GayeSinger2014[2][11][13]
Macy GraySinger2014[2][3]
Whitney HoustonSinger2014[1][2][11][13]
Joe JacksonPromoter, manager2014[2][11]
Michael JacksonSinger & Songwriter2014[1][2][11][13]
B.B. KingSinger2014[2]
Norm N. NiteAuthor, Radio Host2014[2][13]
Sweet InspirationsVocal group2014[2][11][13]
The WhispersVocal group2014[11][13][15]
Jazzi AndersonRadio Host2015*
The Bar-KaysBand2015*
Al BellSongwriter2015*
Millie JacksonSinger2015*
Denise LaSalleSinger2015*
Little RichardSinger2015*
The Mad LadsVocal Group2015*
Dorothy MooreSinger2015*
Little Junior ParkerSinger2015*
Elvis PresleySinger2015*
Bobby RushSinger2015*
Stax RecordsRecord Company2015*
Ike TurnerSinger/Songwriter/Musician2015*
Muddy WatersSinger/Musician2015*
WDIARadio Station2015*
Hank Ballard & The MidnightersVocal group2015**
JJ BarnesSinger2015**
Ortheia Barnes-KennerlySinger2015**
Janie BradfordSongwriter2015**
Jay ButlerRadio Host2015**
Jerry ButlerSinger/songwriter2015**
Ray CharlesMusician, bandleader2015**
Tony ClarkeSinger2015**
L.C. CookeSinger2015**
Sam CookeSongwriter2015**
The ContoursVocal Group2015**
Melvin DavisSinger2015**
Detroit EmeraldsVocal Group2015**
The Fabulous PepsVocal group2015**[16][17]
Aretha FranklinSinger2015**
Chuck JacksonSinger2015**
Laura LeeSinger2015**
Pat LewisSinger2015**
Johnnie Mae MatthewsSinger, songwriter, producer2015**
The MiraclesVocal group2015**
Melba MooreSinger2015**
Martha ReevesSinger2015**
Jimmy RuffinSinger2015**
Shades Of BlueVocal Group2015**
Donnie SimpsonRadio Host, TV music host2015**
The SpinnersVocal group2015**[13]
Johnnie TaylorSinger2015**
Temptations Review Featuring Dennis EdwardsVocal Group2015**
Spyder TurnerSinger2015**
The 20 GrandNight club, concert venue2015**
Henry TylerRadio Host2015**
The Undisputed TruthVocal Group2015**
RJ WatkinsRadio Host2015**
Gino WashingtonSinger2015**
Al AbramsPublic Relations2016
Robert BatemanSong Producer2016
Bootsy CollinsFunk Legend2016
Fats DominoSinger & Songwriter2016
The FalconsVocal Group2016
Eddie FloydSinger & Songwriter2016
Jimi HendrixRock Legend2016
Eddie HolmanSinger & Songwriter2016
Cathy HughesEntertainment Mogul2016
International Sweethearts Of RhythmBand2016
Little Willie JohnSongwriter2016
Herb KentRadio Legend2016
Bettye LaVetteSinger & Songwriter2016
Miller LondonSales & Marketing Mogul2016
Wilson PickettSinger & Songwriter2016
PrinceSinger & Songwriter2016
Sir Mack RiceSinger & producer2016
Smokey RobinsonSinger & Songwriter2016
Sugar Chile RobinsonChild Prodigy2016
The Royal JokersVocal Group2016
Rena ScottSinger & Songwriter2016
Mickey StevensonA&R Director2016
The VelvelettesVocal Group2016
Dionne WarwickSinger & Songwriter2016
Barbara AcklinSinger & Songwriter2017
Bert's WarehouseEntertainment Complex2017
Wade Briggs (Butterball Jr.)Radio Personality2017
Carl CarltonSinger2017
Dennis CoffeyStudio Musician2017
Carolyn CrawfordSinger2017
Bert DearingNite Club Owner2017
FoodyRadio Personality2017
Fred GoreeRadio Personality2017
Isaac Hayes & Hot Buttered SoulSinger & Group2017
The ImpressionsVocal Group2017
Jeff & The AtlanticsBand2017
Gladys Knight & The PipsVocal Group2017
Skip Mahoney & The CasualsVocal Group2017
The ManhattansVocal Group2017
Sylvia MoySongwriter & producer2017
Freda PayneSinger2017
Michael J. PowellProducer & Musician2017
Mitch RyderSinger2017
The ValadiersVocal Group2017
Mary WellsSinger2017
Louis ArmstrongMusician, Band Leader2017***
Al BensonRadio Host, Promoter, Civil Rights Activist2017***
Ruth BrownSinger2017***
Sammy Davis Jr.Singer2017***
Bo DiddleySinger2017***
Ernie DurhamRadio Host2017***
Ahmet ErtegunRecord Label Executive2017***
Alan FreedRadio Host2017***
Bill HaleySinger, Band Leader2017***
Billie HolidaySinger2017***
Robert JohnsonSinger2017***
Louis JordanBandleader, musician, Singer2017***
Johnny OtisBandleader, musician, Singer2017***
Della ReeseSinger, actress2017***
Martha Jean "The Queen" SteinbergRadio Host, Minister2017***
Jerry WexlerRecord Label Executive2017***
Nat D. WilliamsRadio Host2017***
Marcus BelgraveMusician2018
Ken BellRadio Personality2018
The DriftersVocal Group2018
The ElginsVocal Group2018
Brenda HollowaySinger2018
Ivy Jo HunterSongwriter & producer2018
Little Anthony & The ImperialsVocal Group2018
Clay McMurrayProducer & engineer2018
Motown RecordsRecord Company2018
Peaches & HerbVocal Group2018
Sam & DaveVocal Group2018
Henry WashingtonPromoter2018
Richard "Popcorn" WylieProducer, songwriter, Singer2018
Band Of GypsysBand2019
Robert "Bumps" BlackwellProducer2019
Henry CosbySongwriter/Producer2019
Don DavisProducer2019
Aretha FranklinSongwriter2019
GuyVocal Group2019
H-TownVocal Group2019
Eddie KendricksSinger2019
Lady ChampagneSinger2019
Mary Jane GirlsVocal Group2019
Stephanie MillsSinger2019
Ray Parker Jr.Singer2019
Phil PerrySinger2019
Lloyd PriceSinger2019
Jimmy RoachProducer/Songwriter2019
The Rude BoysVocal Group2019
The TymesVocal Group2019
David WashingtonRadio Personality2019
Keith WashingtonSinger2019
Stevie WonderSinger2019
Otis Williams and the CharmsVocal Group2019
LaVern BakerSinger2020
Thomas "Beans" BowlesBand Leader, Musician, Songwriter2020
Nat King ColeBand Leader, Singer2020
Cab CallowayBand Leader, Dancer, Singer2020
Billy EckstineSinger2020
The Famous FlamesVocal group2020
Ella FitzgeraldSinger2020
Harvey FuquaSongwriter, Record Producer, Singer2020
Jack "The Rapper" GibsonRadio Personality2020
Hal JacksonRadio Personality2020
Mahalia JacksonGospel Singer2020
Etta JamesSinger2020
Big Jay McNeelyRhythm & Blues Saxophonist2020
Lee MorganJazz Trumpeter2020
Charlie ParkerJazz Saxophonist2020
Royal TheatreMusic Venue2020
Ed SullivanVariety Show Host2020
Sister Rosetta TharpeSinger, guitarist2020
Bobby BlandSinger2021
Natalie ColeSinger2021
Dobie GraySinger2021
Donny HathawaySinger2021
John Lee HookerBlues Musician2021
Ben E. KingSinger2021
Harold LeonardRadio Personality2021
Little WalterBlues Musician2021
Teddy PendergrassSinger2021
Dewey PhillipsRadio Personality2021
Lou RawlsSinger2021
Danny RayMC2021
Nina SimoneSinger2021
Percy SledgeSinger2021
Billy StewartSinger2021
Donna SummerSinger2021
Big Joe TurnerSinger2021
Luther VandrossSinger2021
Johnny WatsonSinger2021
Barry WhiteSinger2021
Norman WhitfieldSongwriter, Producer2021
Jerry BlavatRadio Host2022
The DellsVocal Group2022
Eddie FloydSongwriter2022
John Lee HookerSongwriter2022
George W. JohnsonSinger2022
Willie MitchellSinger, Bandleader2022
Bobby RushSongwriter2022
Carla ThomasSinger2022
Johnnie WalkerMusic Executive2022
Ernest WithersPhotojournalist2022
AaliyahSinger2023
King ArthurRadio Personality2023
Brook BentonSinger2023
G.C. CameronSinger2023
The DebonairesVocal Group2023
Jermaine DupriMusic Executive, Producer2023
Gwen FoxxRadio Personality2023
Hall and OatesVocal Group2023
The IndependentsVocal Group2023
Linda JonesSinger, Songwriter2023
Clyde McPhatterSinger2023
Ronnie NelsonMusician2023
New EditionVocal Group2023
Priscilla PriceSinger2023
RaydioVocal Group2023
Dee Dee SharpSinger2023
Dusty SpringfieldSinger2023
The Stubbs GirlsVocal Group2023
Sweet Boogie ProductionsMusic Production, Venue2023
Dee Dee WarwickSinger2023

* 2015 Induction ceremony in Clarksdale MI
** 2015 Induction ceremony in Detroit
*** Inducted as a 20th Century Early Music Influence

Special awards and honors

NameContributionType Of AwardYear presented
Ron BanksSingerRhythm & Blues Music Lifetime Achievement Award2013
Joe JacksonPromoter, ManagerRhythm & Blues Music Lifetime Achievement Award2014
Jazzii AndersonRadio PersonalityNat D. Williams Radio Personality of the Year Award2015*
Morgan FreemanActorRhythm & Blues Music Lifetime Achievement Award2015*
Christone "Kingfish" IngramSingerRobert Johnson Rising Star Award2015*
Ground ZeroBlues ClubJuke Joint of the Year Award2015*
Joe JacksonPromoter, ManagerRhythm & Blues Humanitarian Award2015*
John Conyers, Jr.U.S. CongressmanRhythm & Blues Music Lifetime Achievement Award2015**
Abdul "Duke" FakirSingerRhythm & Blues Living Legends Award2015**
Elliott S. HallAttorneyRhythm & Blues Humanitarian Award2015**
Brenda JonesDetroit CouncilwomanOrtheia Barnes Rhythm & Blues Visionary Award2015**
David WashingtonRadio Personality"Frantic" Ernie Durham & Martha Jean "The Queen" Steinberg Radio Personality of the Year Award2015**
Gene ChandlerSingerRhythm & Blues Music Pioneer Award2016
Mildred GaddisJournalistRhythm & Blues Broadcast Journalist of the Year Award2016
Cathy HughesEntertainment MogulRhythm & Blues Living Legends Award2016
John MasonRadio HostRhythm & Blues Music Radio Personality of the Year Award2016
The SupremesVocal GroupRhythm & Blues Music Group of the 20th Century Award2016
FoodyRadio Personality"Frantic" Ernie Durham Radio Icon Award2017
Joe JacksonPromoter, ManagerRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Music Business Pioneer Award2017
Ziggy JohnsonShow ProducerRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Legacy Award2017
Brenda LawrenceU.S. CongresswomanLamont D. Robinson Visionary Award2017
Martha ReevesSingerRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Icon Award2017
Rev. Al SharptonMinister, Civil Rights ActivistRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Lifetime Achievement Award2017
The TemptationsVocal GroupR&B Male Group of the 20th Century2017
Marshall ThompsonSingerRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Living Legend Award2017
The Chi-LitesVocal GroupRhythm & Blues Group of the 21st Century2018
Dennis EdwardsSingerRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Legends Award2018
Aretha FranklinSingerRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Icon Award2018
Cornel WestPhilosopherRhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Living Legend Award2018
Lloyd PriceSingerNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Jackie Wilson Icon Legend Award2019
Martha ReevesSingerNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Martha Reeves Music Ambassador Award2019
Keith RogersRadio PersonalityNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Tom Joyner Radio Personality Award2019
Mary WilsonSingerNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Aretha Franklin Lifetime Achievement Award2019
Bobby RushSongwriterNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Blues Groundbreaking Legends2022
Nen BaileyRadio PersonalityNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Tom Joyner Radio Personality Award2023
Joe BillingsleaSinger, SongwriterNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Living Legend Award2023
Jerry ButlerSongwriterNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Lifetime Achievement Award2023
Billy DavisSingerNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Jackie Wilson Music Globe Award2023
Dionne WarwickSingerNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Mary Wilson Icon Award2023
Donna WheelwrightRadio PersonalityNational Rhythm & Blues Hall Of Fame Tom Joyner Radio Personality Award2023

* 2015 Induction ceremony in Clarksdale, MS
** 2015 Induction ceremony in Detroit

References

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  2. Yarborough, Chuck (August 19, 2014). "R&B Music Hall of Fame sets big weekend to induct sophomore class featuring Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, Marvin Gaye, Norm N. Nite and more". The Plain Dealer. Archived from the original on July 27, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  3. Byer, Kelly (August 25, 2014). "R&B greats honored at HOF induction in Canton". Canton Repository. Canton, Ohio. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  4. "About Us | R&B HOF".
  5. "Whitney Houston and Michael Jackson Lead R&B Music Hall of Fame Inductees". Essence.com. Archived from the original on November 22, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
  6. "Official Site Of "Showboat" Robinson's Fabulous Harlem Clowns". Harlemclowns.net. Archived from the original on November 20, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
  7. Abram, Malcolm X (August 16, 2013). "R&B Music Hall of Fame in Cleveland to induct first class". Ohio.com. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
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  9. Eur Publisher (August 2, 2013). "The Temptations Accept Early Induction into R&B Music Hall of Fame". Eurweb.com. Archived from the original on July 26, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  10. "The official R&B Music Hall of Fame inaugural induction ceremony 2013 : official program – Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum | Catalog". Catalog.rockhall.com. August 17, 2013. Archived from the original on September 9, 2013. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
  11. EURWeb (August 21, 2014). "New R&B Hall of Fame Inductees: Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston". BlackAmericaWeb.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  12. Brown, Kiki (November 10, 2012). "Gerald LeVert Inducted in R&B Hall Of Fame On Six Year Anniversary of Death". 92Q.com. Archived from the original on November 28, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  13. Pratt, Caroline (September 4, 2014). "The Sweet Inspirations Inducted into The Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame". ElvisPresleyFansofNashville.com. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  14. Abram, Malcolm X (August 28, 2014). "Chubby Checker still twisting away despite Rock Hall snub". The Akron Beacon Journal. TNS Regional News. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  15. "Whispers Early Induction to 2014 Class" via YouTube.
  16. Jason Ankeny. "Fabulous Peps | Biography & History". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 28, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
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