Richard Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt (first creation)
Richard Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt, PC (c.1550 – 9 September 1634)[1] was an English-born army officer and military administrator during the reigns of Elizabeth I and James I.[1] He is notable for his defeat of Sir Cahir O'Doherty's forces at the 1608 Battle of Kilmacrennan during O'Doherty's Rebellion in Ireland.
Richard Wingfield | |
|---|---|
| Viscount Powerscourt | |
| Born | c. 1550 |
| Died | 9 September 1634 (aged 83–84) |
| Noble family | Wingfield |
| Spouse(s) | Frances Rugge |
| Father | Richard Wingfield |
| Mother | Christian Fitzwilliam |
| Occupation | Army officer and military administrator |
Family
Sir Richard Wingfield was the son of Sir Richard Wingfield, Governor of Portsmouth, who was descended from an old Suffolk family, and Christian, daughter of Sir William Fitzwilliam of Milton, Castor, Northamptonshire, and sister of Sir William Fitzwilliam, Lord Deputy of Ireland.[1] He became the step-son of Sir George Delves, after his mother's remarriage.[2]
Early career
He came to Ireland as a military adventurer in the latter part of the 16th century and afterwards fought in Flanders, France and Portugal, gaining the military rank of lieutenant colonel.[3]
Returning to Ireland, Wingfield distinguished himself and was wounded in an expedition against Tyrone, and was knighted by the Lord Deputy, William Russell, in Christ Church Cathedral on 9 November 1595.[4][1] He served as a colonel in the expedition against Calais, and in 1600 was advanced to the office of Marshal of Ireland, with a retinue of fifty horse and a company of foot.[5][3] In 1601 he led a force at the reduction of Kinsale, and was one of those who signed the articles of capitulation made between the Lord Deputy of Ireland and Don Juan del Águila, commander of the Spanish troops made prisoners on that occasion.[5][3]
O'Doherty's Rebellion
In May 1608 during O'Doherty's Rebellion he marched into Ulster against Sir Cahir O'Doherty, who had burnt Derry, killing him and dispersing his followers. For this success Sir Richard was on 29 June 1609 rewarded by a grant of the Powerscourt Estate in County Wicklow.[3]
Later career
In the Parliament of Ireland of 1613–15, he sat in the Irish House of Commons as MP for Downpatrick.
On 19 February 1618, he was created Viscount Powerscourt, and he subsequently enjoyed several important offices under the Crown.[1]
Marriage
He married Frances Rugge, (or Repps), (died before 30 November 1631), daughter of William Rugge, (or Repps), of Felmingham, Norfolk, and Thomasine Townshend, and widow of Edward Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell.[6][7] Frances Cromwell, the elder of her two daughters, married Sir John Wingfield of Tickencote, Rutland in January 1619.[8] Her younger daughter, Anne Cromwell, married her husband's cousin, Sir Edward Wingfield of Carnew, County Wicklow on 9 May 1619.[9]
Death
He died on 9 September 1634, without issue from his wife, Frances and his title, therefore, became extinct. His estates passed to his cousin, Sir Edward Wingfield. The title was revived in 1665 in the person of Folliott Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt, who died without issue in 1717; and again in 1743 for Richard Wingfield.[10][11]
Notes
- Dunlop & Barry 2004.
- Lodge 1789, p. 268.
- Webb 1878, p. 571.
- Shaw II 1906, p. 91.
- Lodge 1789, pp. 268–272.
- Cokayne III 1913, p. 558, Frances was the second wife of Edward Cromwell. His first wife was Elizabeth Umpton (or Upton).
- Grummitt 2008.
- Burke 1831, p. 153.
- Lodge 1789, p. 272.
- Burke 2 1833, p. 316.
- Chisholm 1911.
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Webb, Alfred (1878). "Wingfield, Sir Richard, 1st Viscount Powerscourt". A Compendium of Irish Biography. Dublin: M. H. Gill & son. p. 571.
References
- Burke, John (1831). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of The Peerages of England, Ireland and Scotland, Extinct, Dormant, and in Abeyance. London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley. pp. 152–153.
- Burke, John (1833). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire. Vol. 2. London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley. p. 316.
- Carthew, G. A. (1878). The Hundred of Launditch and Deanery of Brisley; in the County of Norfolk; Evidences and Topographical Notes from public records, Heralds' Visitations, Wills, Court Rolls, Old Charters, Parish Registers, Town books, and Other Private Sources; Digested and Arranged as Materials for Parochial, Manorial, and Family History. Vol. II. Collected by G.A. Carthew. Norwich: Printed by Miller and Leavins. p. 522.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 730.
- Cokayne, G. E. (1910). Gibbs, Vicary (ed.). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant. Vol. I. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 192–194.
- Cokayne, G. E. (1913). Gibbs, Vicary (ed.). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom. Vol. III. London: St. Catherine Press. p. 558.
- Dunlop, Robert; Barry, Judith Hudson (2004). "Wingfield, Richard, Viscount Powerscourt". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/29740. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Grummitt, David (January 2008) [First published 2004]. "Cromwell, Edward, third Baron Cromwell". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6763. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Lodge, John; Archdall, Mervyn (1789). The Peerage of Ireland: or, a Genealogical History of the Present Nobility of that Kingdom ... Vol. V. Revised, enlarged, and continued to the present time by Mervyn Archdall, A. M. Dublin: James Moore. pp. 268–272.
- Shaw, W. A.; Burtchaell, G. D. (1906). The Knights of England: A Complete Record from the Earliest Times to the Present Day of the Knights of All the Orders of Chivalry in England, Scotland and Ireland, and of Knights Bachelors. Vol. II. Incorporating a complete list of Knights Bachelors dubbed in Ireland, compiled by G. D. Burtchaell. London: Printed and published for the Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, Sherratt and Hughes. p. 91.
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