Rose Standish Nichols

Rose Standish Nichols (1872–1960) was an American landscape architect from Boston, Massachusetts. Nichols worked for some 70 clients in the United States and abroad. Collaborators included David Adler, Mac Griswold, Howard Van Doren Shaw, and others. She also wrote articles about gardens for popular magazines such as House Beautiful and House & Garden, and published three books about European gardens.[2][3]

Rose Standish Nichols
Nichols in 1912
Born(1872-01-11)January 11, 1872
Boston, Massachusetts, US
Died1960 (aged 87–88)
Boston, Massachusetts, US
EducationCharles A. Platt (tutor)[1]
Alma materMIT School of Architecture and Planning[1] École des Beaux-Arts[1]
OccupationLandscape architect
Known forLandscape architect, peace activist
Parent(s)Arthur H. Nichols and Elizabeth Fisher Homer Nichols

Early life and education

Nichols was the daughter of Arthur H. Nichols and Elizabeth Fisher Homer Nichols, and a niece of Augustus Saint-Gaudens.[4] Her siblings included Margaret Homer A. Shurcliff (married to Arthur Shurcliff) and Marian Clarke Nichols. Rose Nichols lived most of her life at 55 Mt. Vernon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston.

Nichols trained with Charles A. Platt, Inigo Trigs; Constant-Désiré Despradelle at Massachusetts Institute of Technology; with Benjamin Watson at the Bussey Institute, Harvard University; and at the École des Beaux-Arts.[5] Nichols began studies at MIT in 1899, where she completed only a few courses at MIT as a non-degree, special student. She also travelled in Europe, visiting parks and gardens such as those at Hampton Court Palace, England. Around 1921 Nichols served the American Society of Landscape Architects as Chairman of the Committee on the Garden Club of America.[6]

Career

Garden design
Rose Standish Nichols in 1890, portrait by Margarita Pumpelly Smyth

Nichols’ first commissioned project was her family’s garden at 'the Mastlands' in 1895, their summer home in Cornish, New Hampshire. Rose added a piazza and laid out a formal garden enclosed with low stone walls. The focal point of the garden was an apple tree that spread over a low pool and curving benches. This project was included in Guy Lowell’s book American Gardens (1902). She often designed in accordance with Beaux-Arts style, evident in her tranquil, cohesive and approachable garden designs. Nichols' designs appear in Georgia, Arizona and California, though most of her work appears in Lake Forest, Illinois. Many of her commissioned works appeared in Classic Country Estates of Lake Forest; A Preservation Foundation Guide to National Register Properties, Lake Forest, Illinois.[7] Nichols often collaborated with the architects David Adler, Mac Griswold and Howard Shaw.[8]

Author

Her 1902 book English Pleasure Gardens was followed by two more volumes, Italian Pleasure Gardens (1928) and Spanish and Portuguese Gardens (1924). These books were intended as guidebooks to Europe’s lesser-known gardens. Both English Pleasure Gardens and Spanish and Portuguese Gardens were illustrated with drawings by the author; Italian Pleasure Gardens was illustrated with photographs Nichols took in her travels. Nichols took advantage of her social connections to access and document private gardens all over Europe. She transformed these experiences into a career as a landscape architecture critic, publishing over fifty articles on European landscape design. These articles appeared in house and design magazines such as House Beautiful, Horticulture, and House and Garden.[9]

Activism

In addition to her professional work as a landscape architect, Nichols was a peace activist. She established a discussion group, The League of Small Nations; participants included Mabel Harlakenden Hall Churchill (wife of the American novelist Winston Churchill) and Edith Wilson. The group was a precursor to the Foreign Policy Association. Nichols also traveled to peace conferences in Europe.[3][10] In addition, she helped establish the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.[11]

In 1919 Nichols was elected an officer of the Boston Equal Suffrage Association.[12] In 1937, Nichols attended an event organized by the New York Society of the Descendants of Signers of the Independence Declaration.[13]

Portraits of Nichols have been made by Taylor Greer and Margarita Smyth.

She is buried at Mount Auburn Cemetery.[14]

Gardens and parks

Rose Standish Nichols worked on parks and gardens for approximately 70 clients, in the United States and abroad:

Selected bibliography
  • "Individuality in Interior Decoration," House Beautiful. June, 1910.
  • "How to Make a Small Garden," House Beautiful. August 1912.
  • "The Small Garden Largely Planned, Designed for P.A. Waller, Kewanee, Illinois," House Beautiful. November, 1922.
  • "A Hill Top Garden in New Hampshire (Dingleton House)," House Beautiful. March, 1924.
  • "The Pleasure Gardens of the Great Moguls," House Beautiful. March, 1927.[17]

See also

References
  1. Tankard, Judith. "Rose Standish Nichols, A Proper Bostonian" (PDF).
  2. In Spanish Gardens; Landscape Architecture in Southwestern Europe. New York Times, Jan 4, 1925. p.BR20.
  3. Judith Tankard. Introduction to: Rose Standish Nichols. English pleasure gardens. Boston: David R. Godine, 2003.
  4. Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site
  5. Eran Ben-Joseph, Holly D. Ben-Joseph, Anne C. Dodge. Against all Odds: MIT’s Pioneering Women of Landscape Architecture. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, City Design and Development Group, 2006.
  6. Transactions of the American society of landscape architects, 1909-1921.
  7. Coventry el al. (2004). Classic Country Estates of Lake Forest; A Preservation Foundation Guide to National Register Properties, Lake Forest, Illinois. Norton.
  8. Ben-Joseph, Eran; Ben-Joseph, Holly; Dodge, Ann (2006). "Against All Odds: MIT's Pioneering Women of Landscape Architecture" (PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology: 1–25.
  9. "Rose Standish Nichols (1872 – 1960) - The Nichols House Museum". www.nicholshousemuseum.org. Retrieved 2020-01-16.
  10. Philip Brady. Twin role for historic house on Beacon Hill. New York Times, Apr 17, 1966. p.437.
  11. Harvard University. "Nichols, Rose Standish. Rose Standish Nichols papers: Guide".
  12. Mary H. Page heads Suffrage Association. Boston Daily Globe, Mar 27, 1917; p.9
  13. Patriotic group has dinner party; Descendants of Signers of the Independence Declaration Meet at Sherry's. New York Times, Mar 7, 1937; p.87.
  14. "ROSE NICHOLS". Mount Auburn Cemetery. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  15. Guy Lowell. American Gardens. 1902.
  16. Distilled: worth while affairs of the world filtrated in pleasing narrative; talks with the king and queen of Greece. New York Times, Jul 9, 1922; p.95
  17. "Rose Standish Nichols (1872 – 1960) - The Nichols House Museum". www.nicholshousemuseum.org. Retrieved 2020-01-16.

Further reading

Books
  • English pleasure gardens. New York, The Macmillan Company; London, Macmillan & Co., Ltd., 1902.
  • Spanish & Portuguese gardens. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1924.
  • Italian pleasure gardens. NY: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1928.

Articles
  • A Newport House and Garden. House and Garden, April 1905.
  • A glimpse of the pro-American queen and her gardens. House Beautiful, Aug. 1922, p. 110+.
  • A Little Garden Hunt in England. House Beautiful, July 1923.
  • A hilltop garden in New Hampshire. House Beautiful, March 1924.
  • (Various other articles for House Beautiful).

Works about Nichols
  • Century Magazine. May 1906.
  • George Taloumis. Rose Standish Nichols: 60 years ago she organized the Beacon Hill Reading Club (1896). Boston Globe, Sept. 16, 1956.
  • George Taloumis. Rose Standish Nichols as we knew her: a tribute to a friend. Boston: Friends of Rose Standish Nichols, 1986.
  • Tankard, Judith. Rose Standish Nichols, A Proper Bostonian. Arnoldia (59) [4] p. 25–32.
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