TGV POS

The TGV POS is a TGV train built by French manufacturer Alstom which is operated by the French national rail company, the SNCF, in France's high-speed rail lines. It was originally ordered by the SNCF for use on the new LGV Est, which was put into service in 2007. "POS" stands for Paris-Ostfrankreich-Süddeutschland (German for "Paris, Eastern France, Southern Germany").[1]

TGV POS
SNCF TGV Lyria 4403 at Satigny running from Genève to Paris Gare de Lyon
In service2006
ManufacturerAlstom
ReplacedTGV Sud-Est
Number built38 motor cars
Formation2 motor cars + 8 trailers
Operator(s)Lyria
Line(s) servedLGV Est
LGV Rhin-Rhône
LGV Sud-Est
LGV Nord
Specifications
Train length200.19 m (656 ft 9 in)
WidthMotor car 2.81 m (9 ft 3 in)
Trailer 2.904 m (9 ft 6.3 in)
Height4.1 m (13 ft 5 in) (power car),
3.42 m (11 ft 3 in) (trailer)
Weight383 t (377 long tons; 422 short tons) (empty)
Acceleration≥1.7 km/(h⋅s) (1.1 mph/s)(0–100 km/h (0–62 mph)),
0.35 km/(h⋅s) (0.22 mph/s) (at 320 km/h (199 mph)), from 0 to 320 km/h (0 to 199 mph) within 5 minutes 20 seconds and 18 km (11.2 mi)
Electric system(s)25 kV 50 Hz / 15 kV 16.7 Hz
Overhead catenary
Current collector(s)CX Pantograph
Safety system(s)TVM-430, KVB, LZB, PZB
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge

History
View from the cockpit aboard a TGV POS at 320 km/h
The TGV POS number 4415 parked at the station in Strasbourg in September 2010, on the Paris-Zurich line via Strasbourg and Mulhouse

Each train is formed of eight existing TGV Réseau single-deck carriages paired with new power cars, with a total power output of 9.6 MW (12,874 hp) and a top speed of 320 kilometres per hour (199 mph) under 25 kV. The TGV Réseau power cars thus freed have been matched to newer TGV Duplex carriages to create TGV Réseau Duplex sets. This is because traffic on the LGV Est is expected to be less than on the heavily congested LGV Sud-Est.

Like the TGV TMST, the TGV POS power cars have asynchronous motors and, in case of failure, isolation of an individual motor in a powered bogie is possible. By using IGBT power packs, the new power cars are capable of developing 75% of their full rated power under 15 kV German and Swiss electrifications, compared to 45% for existing TGV power cars. This allows POS trains to operate at the same speed as Intercity-Express trains in Germany.

The TGV POS links France with Germany and Switzerland. In Switzerland, it travels from Basel to Zurich and on the line from Vallorbe to Lausanne coming from Paris.

Each TGV POS trainset weighs 383 t (377 long tons; 422 short tons) and is numbered in the 4400 series. The livery is the same as that of TGV Réseau sets (silver and blue). Pre-production set No 4401 had a prototype livery similar as the one used on the TGV Duplex sets but, in March 2007, the blue areas were stickered over with silver and was now in appearance the same as the other sets.

From 2013 to 2019, all of the TGV POS trainsets operated under the TGV Lyria brand and livery (a joint-venture by SNCF and the Swiss Federal Railways) with services between France and Switzerland, replacing the nine TGV PSE trainsets that were taken out of service. Since 2019 all trainsets operate strictly in domestic services from Paris Nord and Paris Est replacing the last TGV PSE operating there.

World rail speed record
Main article: TGV world speed record

On 3 April 2007 a train using both power cars of the TGV POS trainset number 4402 set a new world speed record for travel on conventional rails. The train reached 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph).[2] As part of a series of increasingly faster runs that culminated in the official record attempt, it set an unofficial speed record of 554.3 km/h (344.4 mph) on 13 February 2007.[3]

The trainset comprised three specially modified Duplex cars, fitted with two powered bogies similar to the AGV prototype, marshalled between the TGV POS power cars. The record trainset, configured as Bo'Bo'+2'Bo'Bo'2'+Bo'Bo', had four more powered axles than trainset 325 during the 1990 speed record, and had a theoretical maximum power output of 19.6 MW (26,284 hp) instead of the 9.3 MW (12,472 hp) on a standard TGV. Over 600 sensors were fitted on various parts of both the engines and the cars.

The train set ran with larger wheels, and the catenary voltage was increased to 31 kV from the standard 25 kV.[4] The maximum speed was achieved near kilometer post 193 on the LGV Est between Meuse and Champagne-Ardenne TGV stations.

See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to TGV POS.

References
  1. "High speed: TGV POS prepares to enter service". Railway Gazette. 2006-12-01.
  2. "French train sets new world record". NDTV. Associated Press. 2007-04-09. Archived from the original on 2007-04-09. Retrieved 2007-04-03.
  3. "French high-speed TGV breaks world conventional rail-speed record". Monsters and Critics. Deutsche Presse-Agentur. 2007-02-14. Archived from the original on 2007-02-18. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  4. "French set new rail speed record". BBC News. 2007-04-03. Retrieved 2010-01-04.
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