SS Oregon (1878)

SS Oregon (1878–1906) was a coastal passenger/cargo ship constructed in Chester, Pennsylvania by the Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works in February 1878.[2][3] Originally delivered to the Oregon Steamship Company,[4] she was used on the Portland, Oregon-to-San Francisco, California route for many years.[1] In 1879, the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company became the Oregon′s new owners after purchasing the Oregon Steamship Company. Also included in this purchase were the steamships George W. Elder and City of Chester.[4] While in O.R. & N service, Oregon served alongside SS Columbia, which made the first commercial use of Thomas Edison's incandescent light bulb.[5] Like Oregon, Columbia was also built by John Roach & Sons in Chester, Pennsylvania.[6] Over time, Oregon's hull became breached after a number of incidents. Furthermore, the hull had been weighted with concrete to the point where she was considered unsuitable for service as a passenger liner.[1] After operating as a cargo ship, she was laid up in 1894 at Portland.[3] In 1899, the Oregon was re-qualified to carry passengers once more. She was sold by O.R. & N the same year.[7] Despite this, she was viewed as a cursed ship by her crew.[1] On 26 December 1889 she sank Clan McKenzie ( United Kingdom) in a collision in snow in the Columbia River at Coffee Rock 47 miles above Astoria, Oregon. Two of Clan McKenzie's crew killed, one injured. Her bow was damaged and she drifted ashore, later pulled off.[8][9]

SS Oregon in 1900.
History
Name	Oregon
Owner	Oregon Steamship Company 1878-1879 Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company 1879-1899 White Star Steamship Company c.1902-1905
Route	San Francisco, California to Portland, Oregon 1878-? Alaska to Puget Sound ?-1906
Builder	Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works (Chester, PA)
Launched	February 1878
In service	1878-1894 ?-1906
Fate	Wrecked 13 September 1906
Notes	Declared a total loss
General characteristics
Type	Coastal passenger/cargo ship
Tonnage	2,335 tons[1]
Length	283 ft (86 m)[1]
Beam	37 ft (11 m)[1]

The steamship appears as docked In Alaska at the time for the 1900 census.[10]

The Oregon was owned by the White Star Steamship Company (not to be confused with the White Star Line) from around 1902 to 1905 .[11] Around this time, Oregon was operating between Alaska and Puget Sound.[3]

On September 13, 1906, Oregon ran aground on the rocky shoreline of Cape Hinchinbrook, Alaska. At the time, there was no active lighthouse at Cape Hinchinbrook, although one was under construction. It is unknown whether poor navigation or reduced visibility caused the wreck. Shortly after the collision, the bottom of the vessel tore open and water began flooding the ship. Oregon became stuck on the rocks without any barrier from the open sea. After crew members began boarding the lifeboats without orders, Captain Horace E. Soule threatened to shoot any man attempting to steal one. This led to the crew obeying all further orders and a small party was sent off in a lifeboat to report the disaster in Valdez, Alaska. When the report of Oregon′s wreck reached Valdez, many ships set out to rescue the passengers and crew. Remarkably, all 110 remaining people on board the Oregon were rescued by the revenue cutter USRC Columbine. Oregon however, was reported as a total loss.[1]