Sadao district

Sadao (Thai: สะเดา, pronounced [sā.dāw]) is district (amphoe) on the border of Malaysia in Songkhla province, southern Thailand. The capital of the district is also called Sadao town.

Sadao
สะเดา
District
Wat Tham Khao Rup Chang
Temple of the Thousand Buddhas, Wat Tham Khao Rup Chang
District location in Songkhla province
District location in Songkhla province
Coordinates: 6°38′19″N 100°25′26″E
CountryThailand
ProvinceSongkhla
SeatSadao
District established1909
Area
 • Total1,029.273 km2 (397.405 sq mi)
Population
 (2009)
 • Total120,306
 • Density116.5/km2 (302/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code90120[1]
Geocode9010

The small town of Danok (Thai: ด่านนอก, RTGS: dan nok), 13 km south of Sadao town in tambon Samnak Kham is the major border crossing between Thailand and Malaysia. The immigration, customs, quarantine and security checkpoint on the Malaysian side is called the Bukit Kayu Hitam ICQS checkpoint. A second smaller border crossing is in the district at Padang Besar, 12 km west of Sadao town.

Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the west clockwise): Khuan Don and Khuan Kalong of Satun province; Khlong Hoi Khong, Hat Yai, Chana, and Na Thawi of Songkhla Province. Southwest of Sadao's 85 kilometre border with Malaysia are the Malaysian states of Kedah and Perlis.

The district marks the southern end of Phetkasem Road, the longest road in Thailand, which runs from Bangkok via Hat Yai to the border crossing at Danok (Thailand)–Bukit Kayu Hitam (Malaysia). Major roads connect this road with Pattani (intersection at Khlong Ngae) and Padangbesar with the intersection at Sadao town.

Two main border crossings with Malaysia are in the district. The main crossing is at Danok with Bukit Kayu Hitam on the Malaysian side. The crossing is the busiest land border crossing between Thailand and Malaysia.[2] Phetkasem Road is connected to Malaysia's North-South Expressway at this border crossing.[3] Another crossing is at Padangbesar, with the Malaysian town of Padang Besar in Perlis on the Malaysian side. The main railway crossing between Malaysia and Thailand is also at Padang Besar.

The Thai-Malaysian border is porous, with illegal crossing points frequently discovered by authorities.[4]

History

Historically Sadao is part of Kedah in the district of Changlun, which means 'elephant falls' in Thai. The district was formerly part of Changlun, and was then under the overlordship of Malay Sultanate of Kedah (known as Syburi in Thai).

When the Britain and Siam (Thailand) signed the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, deciding what belonged to whom, Changlun was divided into two parts. The main border town of Changlun became the district of Kubang Pasu, now in Kedah of Malaysia. The rest remained Thai. Tambon Sadao, together with the former minor district (king amphoe) Prik, forms modern Sadao.[5]

Etymology

The name sadao is the Thai word for neem tree.

Administration

The district is divided into nine sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 67 villages (mubans). The town (thesaban mueang) of Sadao covers tambon Sadao. Padangbesa is another town which covers parts of tambon Padangbesa. There are three sub-district municipalities (thesaban tambons): Prik and Phang La each cover parts of the same-named tambons, and Samnak Kham the full tambon Samnak Kham. There are a further seven tambon administrative organizations (TAO) responsible for the non-municipal areas.

No. Name Thai Villages Pop.[6]
1.Sadaoสะเดา-19,284
2.Prikปริก1120,808
3.Phang Laพังลา0712,570
4.Samnak Taeoสำนักแต้ว1013,180
5.Thung Moทุ่งหมอ0707,070
6.Tha Phoท่าโพธิ์0806,416
7.Padangbesa (Padang Besar)ปาดังเบซาร์1224,066
8.Samnak Khamสำนักขาม0711,864
9.Khao Mi Kiatเขามีเกียรติ0505,048
  • The Sadao checkpoint at Danok.
    The Sadao checkpoint at Danok.
  • Pa-dang Besa, Sadao District
    Pa-dang Besa, Sadao District
  • Railway, Pa-dang Besa, Sadao District
    Railway, Pa-dang Besa, Sadao District
  • Pa-dang Besa, Sadao District
    Pa-dang Besa, Sadao District
  • Wat Tham Khao Rup Chang, tambon Pa-dang Besa
    Wat Tham Khao Rup Chang, tambon Pa-dang Besa
  • Wat Phang La, tambon Phang La
    Wat Phang La, tambon Phang La
  • Danok
    Danok
  • Entry stamp, Sadao border crossing at Danok
    Entry stamp, Sadao border crossing at Danok
  • Exit stamp, Sadao border crossing at Danok
    Exit stamp, Sadao border crossing at Danok

References
  1. Sub-districts Phang La, Tha Pho and Khao Mi Kiat have postal code 90170, sub-districts Thung Mo and Padang Besa have 90240, village 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 of sub-district Samnak Kham have 90320
  2. "Songkhla keen on 24-hour checkpoint with Malaysia". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  3. "The Launching Ceremony of the 24-hour Operation of CIQ Sadao–ICQS Bukit Kayu Hitam checkpoints". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Thailand. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  4. Pakkawan, Assawin (30 May 2021). "7 illegal crossing points found along Thai-Malaysian border". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  5. ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย ประกาศตั้งอำเภอสะเดาและอำเภอตากใบ (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 26 (ง): 1107–1108. 1909-08-22. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 25, 2012.
  6. "Population statistics 2009". Department of Provincial Administration.
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