Sandy Bridge

Sandy Bridge
General information
Launched	January 9, 2011
Discontinued	September 27, 2013 [1]
Product code	80619 (extreme desktop); 80620 (server LGA1356); 80621 (server LGA2011); 80623 (desktop); 80627 (mobile)
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate	1.60 GHz to 3.60 GHz
DMI speeds	5.00 GT/s
Cache
L1 cache	64 KB per core
L2 cache	256 KB per core
L3 cache	1 MB to 8 MB shared; 10 MB to 15 MB (Extreme); 3 MB to 20 MB (Xeon)
Architecture and classification
Microarchitecture	Sandy Bridge
Instruction set	x86-64
Instructions	x86, x86-64
Extensions	MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX; VT-x, VT-d; AES-NI, CLMUL, TXT;
Physical specifications
Transistors	504M to 2.27B 32nm;
Cores	1–4 (4-6 Extreme, 2-8 Xeon);
GPU(s)	HD Graphics; 650 MHz to 1100 MHz; HD Graphics 2000; 650 MHz to 1250 MHz; HD Graphics 3000; 650 MHz to 1350 MHz; HD Graphics P3000; 850 MHz to 1350 MHz
Socket(s)	LGA 1155 (desktops and workstations); LGA 2011 (high-end servers); LGA 1356 (low-end, dual-processor servers); Socket G2; BGA-1023; BGA-1224; BGA-1284;
Products, models, variants
Model(s)	Celeron Series; Pentium Series; Core i3/i5/i7/i7 Extreme Series; Xeon E3/E5 Series;
History
Predecessor(s)	Nehalem (Tock); Westmere (Tick)
Successor(s)	Ivy Bridge (Tick); Haswell (Tock)
Support status
	Unsupported

Sandy Bridge is the codename for Intel's 32 nm microarchitecture used in the second generation of the Intel Core processors (Core i7, i5, i3). The Sandy Bridge microarchitecture is the successor to Nehalem and Westmere microarchitecture. Intel demonstrated a Sandy Bridge processor in 2009, and released first products based on the architecture in January 2011 under the Core brand.[2][3]

Bottom view of a Sandy Bridge i7-2600k

Top of a Sandy Bridge i5

Sandy Bridge is manufactured in the 32 nm process and has a soldered contact with the die and IHS (Integrated Heat Spreader), while Intel's subsequent generation Ivy Bridge uses a 22 nm die shrink and a TIM (Thermal Interface Material) between the die and the IHS.

Technology

Intel demonstrated a Sandy Bridge processor with A1 stepping at 2 GHz during the Intel Developer Forum in September 2009.[4]

Upgraded features from Nehalem include:

CPU

Intel Turbo Boost 2.0[5][6][7]
32 KB data + 32 KB instruction L1 cache and 256 KB L2 cache per core[8]
Shared L3 cache which includes the processor graphics (LGA 1155)
64-byte cache line size
New µOP cache, up to 1536-entry
Improved 3 integer ALU, 2 vector ALU and 2 AGU per core[9][10]
Two load/store operations per CPU cycle for each memory channel
Decoded micro-operation cache,[11] and enlarged, optimized branch predictor
Sandy Bridge retains the four branch predictors found in Nehalem: the branch target buffer (BTB), indirect branch target array, loop detector and renamed return stack buffer (RSB). Sandy Bridge has a single BTB that holds twice as many branch targets as the L1 and L2 BTBs in Nehalem.[12]
Improved performance for transcendental mathematics, AES encryption (AES instruction set), and SHA-1 hashing
256-bit/cycle ring bus interconnect between cores, graphics, cache and System Agent Domain
Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) 256-bit instruction set with wider vectors, new extensible syntax and rich functionality[13]
Up to 8 physical cores, or 16 logical cores through hyper-threading (From 6 core/12 thread)
Integration of the GMCH (integrated graphics and memory controller) and processor into a single die inside the processor package. In contrast, Sandy Bridge's predecessor, Clarkdale, has two separate dies (one for GMCH, one for processor) within the processor package. This tighter integration reduces memory latency even more.
A 14- to 19-stage instruction pipeline, depending on the micro-operation cache hit or miss[14]
Increased ROB to 168 entries (From 128)[15]
Larger Scheduler buffer (54-entry, up from 26-entry)

Translation lookaside buffer sizes[16][17]
Cache		Page Size
Name	Level	4 KB	2 MB	1 GB
DTLB	1st	64	32	4
ITLB	1st	128	8 / logical core	none
STLB	2nd	512	none	none

All translation lookaside buffers (TLBs) are 4-way associative.

GPU

Intel Quick Sync Video, hardware support for video encoding and decoding
Integrated graphics is now integrated on the same die

I/O

Integrated PCIe Controller

Models and steppings

All Sandy Bridge processors with one, two, or four cores report the same CPUID model 0206A7h[18] and are closely related. The stepping number cannot be seen from the CPUID but only from the PCI configuration space. The later Sandy Bridge-E processors with up to eight cores and no graphics are using CPUIDs 0206D6h and 0206D7h.[19] Ivy Bridge CPUs all have CPUID 0306A9h to date, and are built in four different configurations differing in the number of cores, L3 cache and GPU execution units:

Die codename	CPUID	Stepping	Cores	GPU EUs	L3 cache	Sockets
Sandy Bridge-HE-4	`0206A7h`	D2	04	012	08 MB	LGA 1155, Socket G2, BGA-1023, BGA-1224
Sandy Bridge-H-2		J1	02	012	04 MB	LGA 1155, Socket G2, BGA-1023
Sandy Bridge-M-2		Q0	02	006	03 MB	LGA 1155, Socket G2, BGA-1023
Sandy Bridge-EP-8	`0206D6h`	C1	08	none	20 MB	LGA 2011
Sandy Bridge-EP-8	`0206D7h`	C2	08		20 MB	LGA 2011
Sandy Bridge-EP-4	`0206D6h`	M0	04		10 MB	LGA 2011
Sandy Bridge-EP-4	`0206D7h`	M1	04		10 MB	LGA 2011

Performance

The average performance increase, according to IXBT Labs and Semi Accurate as well as many other benchmarking sites, at clock to clock is 11.3% compared to the Nehalem generation, which includes Bloomfield, Clarkdale, and Lynnfield processors.[20]
Around twice the integrated graphics performance compared to Clarkdale's (12 EUs comparison).

List of Sandy Bridge processors

¹Processors featuring Intel's HD 3000 graphics are set in bold. Other processors feature HD 2000 graphics, HD graphics (Pentium and Celeron models) or no graphics core (Graphics Clock rate indicated by N/A).

This list may not contain all the Sandy Bridge processors released by Intel. A more complete listing can be found on Intel's website.

Desktop platform

[21] [22] [23]

Processor branding and model		Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate		Graphics clock rate		L3 Cache	TDP	Release date (Y-M-D)	Price (USD)	Motherboard
Processor branding and model		Cores (threads)	Normal	Turbo	Normal	Turbo	L3 Cache	TDP	Release date (Y-M-D)	Price (USD)	Socket	Interface	Memory
Core i7 Extreme	3970X	6 (12)	3.5 GHz	4.0 GHz	—		15 MB	150 W	2012-11-12	$999	LGA 2011	DMI 2.0 PCIe 2.0[24]	Up to quad channel DDR3-1600[25]
Core i7 Extreme	3960X		3.3 GHz	3.9 GHz			15 MB	130 W	2011-11-14	$999
Core i7	3930K		3.2 GHz	3.8 GHz			12 MB		2011-11-14	$583
	3820	4 (8)	3.6 GHz	3.8 GHz			10 MB		2012-02-13[26]	$294
	2700K		3.5 GHz	3.9 GHz	850 MHz	1350 MHz	8 MB	95 W	2011-10-24	$332	LGA 1155	DMI 2.0 PCIe 2.0	Up to dual channel DDR3-1333
	2600K		3.4 GHz	3.8 GHz					2011-01-09	$317
	2600		3.4 GHz							$294
	2600S		2.8 GHz					65 W		$306
Core i5	2550K	4 (4)	3.4 GHz		—		6 MB	95 W	2012-01-30	$225
	2500K		3.3 GHz	3.7 GHz	850 MHz	1100 MHz			2011-01-09	$216
	2500		3.3 GHz							$205
	2500S		2.7 GHz					65 W		$216
	2500T		2.3 GHz	3.3 GHz	650 MHz	1250 MHz		45 W		$216
	2450P		3.2 GHz	3.5 GHz	—			95 W	2012-01-30	$195
	2400		3.1 GHz	3.4 GHz	850 MHz	1100 MHz		95 W	2011-01-09	$184
	2405S		2.5 GHz	3.3 GHz				65 W	2011-05-22	$205
	2400S		2.5 GHz	3.3 GHz				65 W	2011-01-09	$195
	2380P		3.1 GHz	3.4 GHz	—			95 W	2012-01-30	$177
	2320		3.0 GHz	3.3 GHz	850 MHz	1100 MHz			2011-09-04
	2310		2.9 GHz	3.2 GHz					2011-05-22
	2300		2.8 GHz	3.1 GHz					2011-01-09
	2390T	2 (4)	2.7 GHz	3.5 GHz	650 MHz		3 MB	35 W	2011-02-20	$195
Core i3	2120T		2.6 GHz	—					2011-09-04	$127
	2100T		2.5 GHz						2011-02-20	$127
	2115C		2.0 GHz		—			25 W	2012-05	$241	BGA 1284
	2130		3.4 GHz		850 MHz	1100 MHz		65 W	2011-09-04	$138	LGA 1155
	2125		3.3 GHz						2011-09-04	$134
	2120		3.3 GHz						2011-02-20	$138
	2105		3.1 GHz						2011-05-22	$134
	2102								Q2 2011	$127
	2100								2011-02-20	$117
Pentium	G870	2 (2)							2012-06-03	$86
	G860		3.0 GHz						2011-09-04	$86
	G860T		2.6 GHz		650 MHz			35 W	2012-06-03	$75
	G850		2.9 GHz		850 MHz			65 W	2011-05-24	$86
	G840		2.8 GHz						2011-05-24	$75
	G645		2.9 GHz						2012-09-03	$64			Up to dual channel DDR3-1066
	G640		2.8 GHz						2012-06-03	$64
	G632		2.7 GHz						Q3 2011
	G630		2.7 GHz						2011-09-04	$75
	G622		2.6 GHz						Q2 2011
	G620		2.6 GHz						2011-05-24	$64
	G645T		2.5 GHz		650 MHz			35 W	2012-09-03
	G640T		2.4 GHz						2012-06-03
	G630T		2.3 GHz						2011-09-04	$70
	G620T		2.2 GHz						2011-05-24	$70
Celeron	G555		2.7 GHz		850 MHz	1000 MHz	2 MB	65 W	2012-09-02	$52
	G550		2.6 GHz						2012-06-03
	G540		2.5 GHz						2011-09-04
	G530		2.4 GHz						2011-09-04	$42
	G550T		2.2 GHz		650 MHz			35 W	2012-09-02
	G540T		2.1 GHz						2012-06-03
	G530T		2.0 GHz						2011-09-04	$47
	G470	1 (2)	2.0 GHz				1.5 MB		2013-06-09	$37			Up to dual channel DDR3-1333
	G465		1.9 GHz						2012-09-02				Up to dual channel DDR3-1066
	G460		1.8 GHz						2011-12-11
	G440	1 (1)	1.6 GHz				1 MB		2011-09-04

Suffixes to denote:

K – Unlocked (adjustable CPU ratio up to 57 bins)
P – Versions clocked slightly higher than similar models, but with onboard-graphics deactivated
S – Performance-optimized lifestyle (low power with 65W TDP)
T – Power-optimized lifestyle (ultra low power with 35-45W TDP)
X – Extreme performance (adjustable CPU ratio with no ratio limit)

NOTE: 3970X, 3960X, 3930K, and 3820 are actually of Sandy Bridge-E edition.

Server platform

Sandy Bridge-EP
Socket	Model		Cores (threads)	L3 Cache	CPU clock rate		Interface	Supported memory	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)
Socket	Model		Cores (threads)	L3 Cache	Base	Turbo	Interface	Supported memory	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)
LGA 2011 Quad Socket	Xeon E5	4650	8 (16)	20MB	2.7 GHz	3.3 GHz	2× 8.0GT/s QPI (DMI 2.0 40× PCIe 3.0)	4× DDR3-1600	130 W	May 14, 2012	$3616
		4650L			2.6 GHz	3.1 GHz			115 W		$3616
		4640			2.4 GHz	2.8 GHz			95 W		$2725
		4620		16MB	2.2 GHz	2.6 GHz	2× 7.2GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1333	95 W		$1611
		4617	6 (6)	15MB	2.9 GHz	3.4 GHz		4× DDR3-1600	130 W		$1611
		4610	6 (12)	15MB	2.4 GHz	2.9 GHz		4× DDR3-1333	95 W		$1219
		4607	6 (12)	12MB	2.2 GHz	N/A	2× 6.0GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1066			$885
		4603	4 (8)	10MB	2.0 GHz	N/A	2× 6.0GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1066			$551
LGA 2011 Dual Socket	Xeon E5	2687 W	8 (16)	20MB	3.1 GHz	3.8 GHz	2× 8.0GT/s QPI (DMI 2.0 40× PCIe 3.0)	4× DDR3-1600	150 W	March 6, 2012	$1885
		2690			2.9 GHz	3.8 GHz			135 W		$2057
		2680			2.7 GHz	3.5 GHz			130 W		$1723
		2689			2.6 GHz	3.6 GHz			115 W		OEM
		2670			2.6 GHz	3.3 GHz					$1552
		2665			2.4 GHz	3.1 GHz					$1440
		2660			2.2 GHz	3.0 GHz			95 W		$1329
		2658			2.1 GHz	2.4 GHz					$1186
		2650			2.0 GHz	2.8 GHz					$1107
		2650L			1.8 GHz	2.3 GHz			70 W		$1107
		2648L			1.8 GHz	2.1 GHz			70 W		$1186
		2667	6 (12)	15MB	2.9 GHz	3.5 GHz			130 W		$1552
		2640			2.5 GHz	3.0 GHz	2× 7.2GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1333	95 W		$884
		2630			2.3 GHz	2.8 GHz					$612
		2620			2.0 GHz	2.5 GHz					$406
		2630L			2.0 GHz	2.5 GHz			60 W		$662
		2628L			1.8 GHz	N/A			60 W	July 22, 2013	OEM
		2643	4 (8)	10MB	3.3 GHz	3.5 GHz	2× 8.0GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1600	130 W	March 6, 2012	$884
		2637	2 (4)	5MB	3.0 GHz	3.5 GHz	2× 8.0GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1600	80 W	March 6, 2012	$884
		2618L	4 (8)	10MB	1.8 GHz	N/A	2× 6.4GT/s QPI	4× DDR3-1333	50 W	July 22, 2013	OEM
		2609	4 (4)		2.4 GHz			4× DDR3-1066	80 W	March 6, 2012	$246
		2603	4 (4)		1.8 GHz			4× DDR3-1066	80 W	March 6, 2012	$202
LGA 2011	Xeon E5	1660	6 (12)	15MB	3.3 GHz	3.9 GHz	No QPI (DMI 2.0 40× PCIe 3.0)	4× DDR3-1600	130 W	March 6, 2012	$1080
		1650	6 (12)	12MB	3.2 GHz	3.8 GHz					$583
		1620	4 (8)	10MB	3.6 GHz	3.8 GHz					$294
		1607	4 (4)		3.0 GHz	N/A		4× DDR3-1066			$244
		1603	4 (4)		2.8 GHz	N/A		4× DDR3-1066			$198

Sandy Bridge-EN
Socket	Model		Cores (threads)	L3 Cache	CPU clock rate		Interface	Supported memory	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)
Socket	Model		Cores (threads)	L3 Cache	Standard	Turbo	Interface	Supported memory	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)
LGA 1356 Dual Socket	Xeon E5	2470	8 (16)	20MB	2.3 GHz	3.1 GHz	1× QPI DMI 2.0 24× PCI-E 3.0	3× DDR3-1600	95 W	May 14, 2012	$1440
		2450			2.1 GHz	2.9 GHz			95 W		$1106
		2450L			1.8 GHz	2.3 GHz			70 W		$1106
		2448L			1.8 GHz	2.1 GHz			70 W		$1151
		2449L			1.4 GHz	1.8 GHz			50 W		OEM
		2440	6 (12)	15MB	2.4 GHz	2.9 GHz		3× DDR3-1333	95 W		$834
		2430			2.2 GHz	2.7 GHz					$551
		2420			1.9 GHz	2.4 GHz					$388
		2430L			2.0 GHz	2.5 GHz			60 W		$662
		2428L			1.8 GHz	2.0 GHz			60 W		$628
		2418L	4 (8)	10MB	2.0 GHz	2.1 GHz			50 W		$387
		2407	4 (4)		2.2 GHz	N/A		3x DDR3-1066	80 W		$250
		2403	4 (4)		1.8 GHz			3x DDR3-1066	80 W		$192
LGA 1356		1428L	6 (12)	15MB	1.8 GHz			3x DDR3-1333	60 W		$395
		1410	4 (8)	10MB	2.8 GHz	3.2 GHz		3x DDR3-1333	80 W		N/A
	Pentium	1407	2 (2)	5MB	2.8 GHz	N/A		3x DDR3-1066
		1403			2.6 GHz	N/A
		1405			1.2 GHz	1.8 GHz			40 W	2012-08	$143

Sandy Bridge Xeon
Socket	Model		Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate		L3Cache	Integrated Graphics	Interface	Supported memory	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)
Socket	Model		Cores (threads)	Standard	Turbo	L3Cache	Integrated Graphics	Interface	Supported memory	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)
LGA 1155	Xeon E3	1290	4 (8)	3.6 GHz	4.0 GHz	8MB	N/A	No QPI (DMI 2.0 40× PCIe 3.0)	2× DDR3-1333	95 W	May 29, 2011	$885
		1280		3.5 GHz	3.9 GHz					95 W	April 3, 2011	$612
		1270		3.4 GHz	3.8 GHz					80 W		$328
		1240		3.3 GHz	3.7 GHz							$250
		1230		3.2 GHz	3.6 GHz							$215
		1220	4 (4)	3.1 GHz	3.4 GHz							$189
		1220L	2 (4)	2.2 GHz	3.4 GHz	3MB				20 W		$189
		1275	4 (8)	3.4 GHz	3.8 GHz	8MB	HD Graphics P3000			95 W		$339
		1245		3.3 GHz	3.7 GHz							$262
		1235		3.2 GHz	3.6 GHz							$240
		1225	4 (4)	3.1 GHz	3.4 GHz	6MB						$194
		1265L	4 (8)	2.4 GHz	3.3 GHz	8MB				45 W		OEM
		1260L	4 (8)	2.4 GHz	3.3 GHz	8MB	HD Graphics 2000			45 W		$294

Mobile platform

Core i5-2515E and Core i7-2715QE processors have support for ECC memory and PCI express port bifurcation.
All mobile processors, except Celeron and Pentium, use Intel's Graphics subsystem HD 3000 (12 EUs).

Target segment	Processor branding and model		Cores / threads	CPU clock rate		Graphics clock rate		L3 cache	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)	Motherboard
Target segment	Processor branding and model		Cores / threads	Normal	Turbo (1C/2C/4C)	Normal	Turbo	L3 cache	TDP	Release date	Price (USD)	Interface	Socket
Extreme	Core i7 Extreme	2960XM	4 (8)	2.7 GHz	3.7/3.6/3.4 GHz	650 MHz	1300 MHz	8 MB	55 W	2011-09-04	$1096	DMI 2.0 Memory: Up to dual channel DDR3-1600 MHz *PCIe 2.0	Socket G2 / BGA-1224 (in embedded products)[27]
Extreme	Core i7 Extreme	2920XM		2.5 GHz	3.5/3.4/3.2 GHz				55 W	2011-01-05	$1096
Performance	Core i7	2860QM		2.5 GHz	3.6/3.5/3.3 GHz				45 W	2011-09-04	$568
		2820QM		2.3 GHz	3.4/3.3/3.1 GHz					2011-01-05	$568
		2760QM		2.4 GHz	3.5/3.4/3.2 GHz			6 MB		2011-09-04	$378
		2720QM		2.2 GHz	3.3/3.2/3.0 GHz					2011-01-05
		2715QE		2.1 GHz	3.0/2.9/2.7 GHz		1200 MHz
		2710QE		2.1 GHz	3.0/2.9/2.7 GHz		1200 MHz
		2675QM		2.2 GHz	3.1/3.0/2.8 GHz		1200 MHz			2011-10-02		DMI 2.0 Memory: Up to dual channel DDR3-1333 MHz *PCIe 2.0
		2670QM		2.2 GHz	3.1/3.0/2.8 GHz		1100 MHz			2011-10-02
		2635QM		2.0 GHz	2.9/2.8/2.6 GHz		1200 MHz			2011-01-05
		2630QM		2.0 GHz	2.9/2.8/2.6 GHz		1100 MHz			2011-01-05
Mainstream		2640M	2 (4)	2.8 GHz	3.5/3.3 GHz		1300 MHz	4 MB	35 W	2011-09-04	$346		Socket G2 / BGA-1023 (in embedded products)[27]
		2620M		2.7 GHz	3.4/3.2 GHz		1300 MHz		35 W	2011-02-20
		2649M		2.3 GHz	3.2/2.9 GHz	500 MHz	1100 MHz		25 W
		2629M		2.1 GHz	3.0/2.7 GHz	500 MHz	1100 MHz				$311
		2655LE		2.2 GHz	2.9/2.7 GHz	650 MHz	1000 MHz				$346
		2677M		1.8 GHz	2.9/2.6 GHz	350 MHz	1200 MHz		17 W	2011-06-20	$317
		2637M		1.7 GHz	2.8/2.5 GHz		1200 MHz			2011-06-20	$289
		2657M		1.6 GHz	2.7/2.4 GHz		1000 MHz			2011-02-20	$317
		2617M		1.5 GHz	2.6/2.3 GHz		950 MHz				$289
		2610UE		1.5 GHz	2.4/2.1 GHz		850 MHz				$317
	Core i5	2557M		1.7 GHz	2.7/2.4 GHz		1200 MHz	3 MB		2011-06-20	$250
		2537M		1.4 GHz	2.3/2.0 GHz		900 MHz			2011-02-20
		2467M		1.6 GHz	2.3/2.0 GHz		1150 MHz			2011-06-19
		2540M		2.6 GHz	3.3/3.1 GHz	650 MHz	1300 MHz		35 W	2011-06-20	$266
		2520M		2.5 GHz	3.2/3.0 GHz		1300 MHz				$225
		2515E			3.1/2.8 GHz		1100 MHz				$266
		2510E					1100 MHz				$266
		2450M					1300 MHz			2012-01	$225
		2435M		2.4 GHz	3.0/2.7 GHz		1300 MHz			2011-10-02	OEM
		2430M		2.4 GHz	3.0/2.7 GHz		1200 MHz			2011-10-02	$225
		2410M		2.3 GHz	2.9/2.6 GHz		1200 MHz			2011-06-20
	Core i3	2370M		2.4 GHz	—		1150 MHz			2012-01
		2350M		2.3 GHz						2011-10-02
		2348M		2.3 GHz						2013-01	OEM
		2330E		2.2 GHz			1050 MHz			2011-06-19	$225
		2330M					1100 MHz			2011-06-19
		2328M								2012-09
		2312M		2.1 GHz						Q2 2011	OEM
		2310E					1050 MHz			2011-02-20
		2310M					1100 MHz			2011-02-20
		2377M		1.5 GHz		350 MHz	1000 MHz		17 W	Q3 2012	$225
		2375M		1.5 GHz						2012-03	$225
		2367M		1.4 GHz						2011-10-02	$250
		2365M		1.4 GHz						2012-09	$225
		2357M		1.3 GHz			950 MHz			2011-06-19	OEM
		2340UE		1.3 GHz			800 MHz			2011-06-19	$250
	Pentium	B915C		1.5 GHz		—			15 W	2012-05	$138
		997	2 (2)	1.6 GHz		350 MHz	1000 MHz	2 MB	17 W	2012-09-30	$134
		987		1.5 GHz						Q3 2012
		977		1.4 GHz						2012-01
		967		1.3 GHz						2011-10-02
		957		1.2 GHz			800 MHz			2011-06-19
		B980		2.4 GHz		650 MHz	1150 MHz		35 W	2012-09	$125
		B970		2.3 GHz			1150 MHz			2012-01	$125
		B960		2.2 GHz			1100 MHz			2011-10-02	$134
		B950		2.1 GHz						2011-06-19
		B940		2.0 GHz						2011-06-19
	Celeron	B840		1.9 GHz			1000 MHz			2011-09-04	$86
		B830		1.8 GHz			1050 MHz			2012-09-30
		B820[28]		1.7 GHz						2012-07-29
		B815[29]		1.6 GHz						2012-01
		B810E					1000 MHz			2011-06-19
		B810					950 MHz			2011-03-13
		B800		1.5 GHz			1000 MHz			2011-06-19	$80
		887		1.5 GHz		350 MHz			17 W	09-30-2012	$86
		877		1.4 GHz						2012-07-29	$86
		867		1.3 GHz						January 2012	$134
		857		1.2 GHz						2011-07-03
		847		1.1 GHz			800 MHz			2011-06-19
		847E		1.1 GHz			800 MHz			2011-06-19
		807	1 (2)	1.5 GHz			950 MHz	1.5 MB		2012-07-29	$70
		725C	1 (2)	1.3 GHz		—			10 W	2012-05	$74
		827E	1 (1)	1.4 GHz		350 MHz	800 MHz		17 W	2011-07-03	$107
		797		1.4 GHz			950 MHz			2012-01
787		1.3 GHz		2011-07-03			950 MHz
B730		1.8 GHz		650 MHz		1000 MHz	35 W		2012-07-29	$70
B720[30]		1.7 GHz							2012-01
B710		1.6 GHz							2011-06-19
807UE		1.0 GHz		350 MHz		800 MHz	1 MB	10 W	2011-11	$117

Suffixes to denote:

M – Mobile processors
- XM – Unlocked
- QM – Quad-core
E – Embedded mobile processors
- QE – Quad-core
- LE – Performance-optimized
- UE – Power-optimized

Cougar Point chipset flaw

On 31 January 2011, Intel issued a recall on all 67-series motherboards due to a flaw in the Cougar Point Chipset.[31] A hardware problem exists, in which the chipset's SATA II ports may fail over time, causing failure of connection to SATA devices, though data is not at risk.[32] Intel claims that this problem will affect only 5% of users over 3 years; however, heavier I/O workloads can exacerbate the problem.

Intel stopped production of flawed B2 stepping chipsets and began producing B3 stepping chipsets with the silicon fix. Shipping of these new chipsets started on 14 February 2011 and Intel estimated full recovery volume in April 2011.[33] Motherboard manufacturers (such as ASUS and Gigabyte Technology) and computer manufacturers (such as Dell and Hewlett-Packard) stopped selling products that involved the flawed chipset and offered support for affected customers. Options ranged from swapping for B3 motherboards to product refunds.[34][35]

Sandy Bridge processor sales were temporarily on hold, as one cannot use the CPU without a motherboard. However, processor release dates were not affected.[36] After two weeks, Intel continued shipping some chipsets, but manufacturers had to agree to a set of terms that will prevent customers from encountering the bug.[37]

Limitations

Overclocking

With Sandy Bridge, Intel has tied the speed of every bus (USB, SATA, PCI, PCI-E, CPU cores, Uncore, memory etc.) to a single internal clock generator issuing the basic 100 MHz Base Clock (BClk).[38] With CPUs being multiplier locked, the only way to overclock is to increase the BClk, which can be raised by only 5–7% without other hardware components failing. As a work around, Intel made available K/X-series processors, which feature unlocked multipliers; with a multiplier cap of 57 for Sandy Bridge.[39] For the Sandy Bridge-E platform, there is alternative method known as the BClk ratio overclock.[40]

During IDF (Intel Developer Forum) 2010, Intel demonstrated an unknown Sandy Bridge CPU running stably overclocked at 4.9 GHz on air cooling.[41][42]

Chipset

Non-K edition CPUs can overclock up to four bins from its turbo multiplier. Refer here for chipset support.

vPro remote-control

Sandy and Ivy Bridge processors with vPro capability have security features that can remotely disable a PC or erase information from hard drives. This can be useful in the case of a lost or stolen PC. The commands can be received through 3G signals, Ethernet, or Internet connections. AES encryption acceleration will be available, which can be useful for video conferencing and VoIP applications.[43][44]

Intel Insider

Sandy and Ivy Bridge processors contain a DRM technology that some video streaming web sites rely on to restrict use of their content. Such web sites offer 1080p streaming to users with such CPUs and downgrade the quality for other users.[45]

Software development kit

With the introduction of the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture, Intel also introduced the Intel Data Plane Development Kit (Intel DPDK) to help developers of communications applications take advantage of the platform in packet processing applications, and network processors.[46]

Roadmap

Intel demonstrated the Haswell architecture in September 2011, released in 2013 as the successor to Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge.[47]

Fixes

In 2015, Microsoft released a microcode update for selected Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge CPUs for Windows 7 and up that addresses stability issues. However, the update negatively impacts Intel G3258 and 4010U CPU models.[48][49][50]

References

Shvets, Gennadiy (September 26, 2012). "Intel discontinues second-generation Core i5 and i7 CPUs". CPU World. Retrieved 2020-07-29.
"The Man Behind 'Sandy Bridge'". December 28, 2010. Archived from the original on December 2, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
Brooke Crothers (December 15, 2010). "CES: First Intel next-gen laptops will be quad core". The Circuits Blog. CNET.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2014. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
Anand Lal Shimpi (September 22, 2009). "IDF 2009 – Intel Shows off 22nm & 32nm, Sandy Bridge Demoed". AnandTech. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-01. Retrieved 2015-11-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
Chris Angelini (3 January 2011). "The System Agent And Turbo Boost 2.0". Tom's Hardware.
"Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0". Intel.
Lal Shimpi, Anand (October 12, 2011). "The Bulldozer Review: AMD FX-8150 Tested". Anandtech.
"Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
"Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
"Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
"Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
"Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
Lal Shimpi, Anand (2012-10-05). "Intel's Haswell Architecture Analyzed". AnandTech. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
"Sandy Bridge (client) - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
"Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual". Intel.com. Intel. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
"Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual" (PDF). Intel.com. Intel. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
"Support for the Intel Core i5 Desktop Processor". Intel.com. Intel. 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-04. Retrieved 2011-12-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
Anand Lal Shimpi. "The Sandy Bridge Review: Intel Core i7-2600K, i5-2500K and Core i3-2100 Tested". anandtech.com. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
"Intel's Sandy Bridge E-Series in Q4 2011". Tom's Hardware. 2011-02-11. Retrieved 2011-02-13.
"Additional Details on Sandy Bridge-E Processors, X79, and LGA2011". Anandtech. 2011-04-26. Retrieved 2011-04-30.
"Products (Formerly Sandy Bridge)". Official product web site. Intel. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
"Intel Core i7-3930K Processor (12M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz)". Retrieved 29 March 2012.
Angelini, Chris (September 12, 2011). "Intel Core i7-3960X (Sandy Bridge-E) And X79 Platform Preview". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Fuad Abazovic (January 6, 2012). "Intel Core i7-3820 comes on February 13". Fudzilla. Archived from the original on January 8, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
"2nd Generation Intel Core i7 Processors". Ark.intel.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
"Intel Mobile Celeron B820 - FF8062700848602". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
"Intel Mobile Celeron B815 - FF8062701159901". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
"Intel Mobile Celeron B720 - FF8062701084101". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
محمد رضا پناهی (8 February 2011). "Sandy Bridge، راه حل‌ها، بازار ایران". سخت افزار: مشاوره و بررسی گجت های دیجیتال. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
"Intel Identifies Cougar Point Chipset Error, Halts Shipments". Tom's Hardware. 31 January 2011.
"Intel Identifies Chipset Design Error, Implementing Solution" (Press release). Intel Corporation. January 31, 2011.
"Intel chip bug affects HP, Dell, Samsung and Lenovo". BBC News. 2011-02-03.
"HP to offer refund for PCs with flawed Intel chip". Reuters. 2011-02-02.
"Intel to Ship Dual-core Sandy Bridge Chips on Feb. 20". PCWorld. 7 February 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
"Intel to continue shipping flawed Sandy Bridge chipsets". Expert Reviews. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
Intel to limit Sandy Bridge Overclocking, Bit-Tech, July 22, 2010
Anand Lal Shimpi (September 14, 2010). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Architecture Exposed". AnandTech. p. 8. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
"Intel Core i7-3820 Extreme Edition CPU | Intel, Core i7-3820, CPU, Extreme Edition, Desktop, Processor, BX80619i73820, Benchmarks, Performance, Tests, Hank Tolman, Intel Core i7-3820 CPU Extreme Edition Desktop Processor BX80619i73820 Benchmark Performance Tests by Hank Tolman". Benchmarkreviews.com. 2012-03-05. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
YouTube. youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
"IDF Intel 2010: Intel Overclocks Sandy Bridge CPU to 4.9 GHz, outpaces 12-core AMD Opteron". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 2010-09-21.
Hachman, Mark (2010-09-14). "Intel's 'Sandy Bridge' Chip to Include vPro Business Features". PC Magazine.
"Intel vPro Technology". Intel.
"Intel Insider". Intel.
Rick Merritt, Intel targets data plane with comms Soc, EE Times, February 2012
Crothers, Brooke (September 14, 2011). "Haswell chip completes Ultrabook 'revolution'". The Circuits Blog. CNET.com. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
"June 2015 Intel CPU microcode update for Windows". Retrieved 2020-11-07.
"Windows 7: June 2015 microcode update for Intel processors in Windows". Retrieved 2020-11-07.
"Windows update KB3064209 (G3258 & 4010U)". Retrieved 2020-11-07.

External links

Official Intel homepages for:
Intel's AVX page (Fetched Oct 9, 2012)
Marco Chiappetta (January 2, 2011). "Intel Core i7-2600K and i5-2500K Processors Debut". HotHardware.com. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
David Kanter (September 25, 2010). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". realworldtech.com. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
David Kanter (August 8, 2011). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Graphics Architecture". realworldtech.com. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
Gabriel Torres (December 30, 2010). "Inside the Intel Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". hardwaresecrets.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
Andrew Van Til (January 3, 2011). "Intel Sandy Bridge: Core i5-2500K and DH67BL Motherboard". www.missingremote.com. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
Oded Lempel (July 28, 2013). "2nd Generation Intel Core Processor Family: Intel Core i7, i5 and i3" (PDF). www.hotchips.org. Retrieved January 21, 2014.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Shvets, Gennadiy (September 26, 2012). "Intel discontinues second-generation Core i5 and i7 CPUs". CPU World. Retrieved 2020-07-29.

[man-2] "The Man Behind 'Sandy Bridge'". December 28, 2010. Archived from the original on December 2, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

[3] Brooke Crothers (December 15, 2010). "CES: First Intel next-gen laptops will be quad core". The Circuits Blog. CNET.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2014. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

[4] Anand Lal Shimpi (September 22, 2009). "IDF 2009 – Intel Shows off 22nm & 32nm, Sandy Bridge Demoed". AnandTech. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

[5] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-01. Retrieved 2015-11-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[6] Chris Angelini (3 January 2011). "The System Agent And Turbo Boost 2.0". Tom's Hardware.

[7] "Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0". Intel.

[8] Lal Shimpi, Anand (October 12, 2011). "The Bulldozer Review: AMD FX-8150 Tested". Anandtech.

[9] "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.

[10] "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.

[11] "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.

[12] "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.

[13] "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.

[14] Lal Shimpi, Anand (2012-10-05). "Intel's Haswell Architecture Analyzed". AnandTech. Retrieved 2013-10-20.

[15] "Sandy Bridge (client) - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved 2021-02-09.

[16] "Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual". Intel.com. Intel. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[17] "Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual" (PDF). Intel.com. Intel. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[18] "Support for the Intel Core i5 Desktop Processor". Intel.com. Intel. 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[19] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-04. Retrieved 2011-12-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[20] Anand Lal Shimpi. "The Sandy Bridge Review: Intel Core i7-2600K, i5-2500K and Core i3-2100 Tested". anandtech.com. Retrieved 27 May 2015.

[E-Series-21] "Intel's Sandy Bridge E-Series in Q4 2011". Tom's Hardware. 2011-02-11. Retrieved 2011-02-13.

[22] "Additional Details on Sandy Bridge-E Processors, X79, and LGA2011". Anandtech. 2011-04-26. Retrieved 2011-04-30.

[ark-23] "Products (Formerly Sandy Bridge)". Official product web site. Intel. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

[24] "Intel Core i7-3930K Processor (12M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz)". Retrieved 29 March 2012.

[25] Angelini, Chris (September 12, 2011). "Intel Core i7-3960X (Sandy Bridge-E) And X79 Platform Preview". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved November 14, 2011.

[26] Fuad Abazovic (January 6, 2012). "Intel Core i7-3820 comes on February 13". Fudzilla. Archived from the original on January 8, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2012.

[ark.intel.com-27] "2nd Generation Intel Core i7 Processors". Ark.intel.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[28] "Intel Mobile Celeron B820 - FF8062700848602". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[29] "Intel Mobile Celeron B815 - FF8062701159901". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[30] "Intel Mobile Celeron B720 - FF8062701084101". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[31] محمد رضا پناهی (8 February 2011). "Sandy Bridge، راه حل‌ها، بازار ایران". سخت افزار: مشاوره و بررسی گجت های دیجیتال. Retrieved 27 May 2015.

[32] "Intel Identifies Cougar Point Chipset Error, Halts Shipments". Tom's Hardware. 31 January 2011.

[33] "Intel Identifies Chipset Design Error, Implementing Solution" (Press release). Intel Corporation. January 31, 2011.

[34] "Intel chip bug affects HP, Dell, Samsung and Lenovo". BBC News. 2011-02-03.

[35] "HP to offer refund for PCs with flawed Intel chip". Reuters. 2011-02-02.

[36] "Intel to Ship Dual-core Sandy Bridge Chips on Feb. 20". PCWorld. 7 February 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2015.

[37] "Intel to continue shipping flawed Sandy Bridge chipsets". Expert Reviews. Retrieved 27 May 2015.

[Intel_plans_to_deliberately_limit_Sandy_Bridge_overclocking-38] Intel to limit Sandy Bridge Overclocking, Bit-Tech, July 22, 2010

[AnandTech_3922-Page8-39] Anand Lal Shimpi (September 14, 2010). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Architecture Exposed". AnandTech. p. 8. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

[40] "Intel Core i7-3820 Extreme Edition CPU | Intel, Core i7-3820, CPU, Extreme Edition, Desktop, Processor, BX80619i73820, Benchmarks, Performance, Tests, Hank Tolman, Intel Core i7-3820 CPU Extreme Edition Desktop Processor BX80619i73820 Benchmark Performance Tests by Hank Tolman". Benchmarkreviews.com. 2012-03-05. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

[41] YouTube. youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 27 May 2015.

[ZD_Net-42] "IDF Intel 2010: Intel Overclocks Sandy Bridge CPU to 4.9 GHz, outpaces 12-core AMD Opteron". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 2010-09-21.

[fall2010forum-43] Hachman, Mark (2010-09-14). "Intel's 'Sandy Bridge' Chip to Include vPro Business Features". PC Magazine.

[44] "Intel vPro Technology". Intel.

[45] "Intel Insider". Intel.

[46] Rick Merritt, Intel targets data plane with comms Soc, EE Times, February 2012

[haswell-47] Crothers, Brooke (September 14, 2011). "Haswell chip completes Ultrabook 'revolution'". The Circuits Blog. CNET.com. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

[48] "June 2015 Intel CPU microcode update for Windows". Retrieved 2020-11-07.

[49] "Windows 7: June 2015 microcode update for Intel processors in Windows". Retrieved 2020-11-07.

[50] "Windows update KB3064209 (G3258 & 4010U)". Retrieved 2020-11-07.