Santanmantis

Santanmantis; Temporal range:
	Specimen MB.I.2068
	Life restoration (Note: the spines on the second set of legs have been considered questionable by other authors)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Mantodea
Family:	†Santanmantidae; Grimaldi 2003
Genus:	†Santanmantis; Grimaldi, 2003
Species:	†S. axelrodi
Binomial name
	†Santanmantis axelrodi; Grimaldi, 2003

Santanmantis is an extinct genus of mantises, the sole genus in the family Santanmantidae. The only species, Santanmantis axelrodi , is known from the Crato Formation of Brazil, dating to the late Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous.[1][2][3] It is amongst the most primitive known lineages of mantis.[4] Like other mantises, the forelegs are modified into spined raptorial appendages. When describing a new specimen in 2017, Hörnig, Haug and Haug proposed that the second set of legs also had spines similar to the forelegs, and also served a raptorial function, but that they were not visible in the fossil due to being broken off.[5] However a response to this paper criticised this assumption, finding that it had little evidence from the fossil itself or from living mantises.[6]

References

"Santanmantis". GBIF. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
"The Paleobiology Database, genus Santanmantis". Retrieved 2019-05-11.
Otte, Daniel; Spearman, Lauren; Stiewe, Martin B. D. (2019). "genus Santanmantis Grimaldi, 2003". Mantodea species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
Demers‐Potvin, Alexandre V.; Larsson, Hans C.E.; Cournoyer, Mario; Béthoux, Olivier (January 2021). "Wing morphology of a new Cretaceous prayin g mantis solves the phylogenetic jigsaw of early‐diverging extant lineages". Systematic Entomology. 46 (1): 205–223. doi:10.1111/syen.12457. ISSN 0307-6970. S2CID 231391397.
Hörnig, Marie K.; Haug, Joachim T.; Haug, Carolin (2017-07-24). "An exceptionally preserved 110 million years old praying mantis provides new insights into the predatory behaviour of early mantodeans". PeerJ. 5: e3605. doi:10.7717/peerj.3605. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 5527957. PMID 28761789.
Brannoch, Sydney K.; Svenson, Gavin J. (2017-11-16). "Response to "An exceptionally preserved 110 million years old praying mantis provides new insights into the predatory behaviour of early mantodeans"". PeerJ. 5: e4046. doi:10.7717/peerj.4046. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 5694651. PMID 29158979.

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[gbif-1] "Santanmantis". GBIF. Retrieved 2019-05-11.

[buglink-2] "The Paleobiology Database, genus Santanmantis". Retrieved 2019-05-11.

[Otte2019-3] Otte, Daniel; Spearman, Lauren; Stiewe, Martin B. D. (2019). "genus Santanmantis Grimaldi, 2003". Mantodea species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2019-05-11.

[4] Demers‐Potvin, Alexandre V.; Larsson, Hans C.E.; Cournoyer, Mario; Béthoux, Olivier (January 2021). "Wing morphology of a new Cretaceous prayin g mantis solves the phylogenetic jigsaw of early‐diverging extant lineages". Systematic Entomology. 46 (1): 205–223. doi:10.1111/syen.12457. ISSN 0307-6970. S2CID 231391397.

[5] Hörnig, Marie K.; Haug, Joachim T.; Haug, Carolin (2017-07-24). "An exceptionally preserved 110 million years old praying mantis provides new insights into the predatory behaviour of early mantodeans". PeerJ. 5: e3605. doi:10.7717/peerj.3605. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 5527957. PMID 28761789.

[6] Brannoch, Sydney K.; Svenson, Gavin J. (2017-11-16). "Response to "An exceptionally preserved 110 million years old praying mantis provides new insights into the predatory behaviour of early mantodeans"". PeerJ. 5: e4046. doi:10.7717/peerj.4046. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 5694651. PMID 29158979.