Santiago J. Duckworth

In April 1890, he accepted the position as Deputy City Clerk of Monterey. In July 1890, he made an unsuccessful run for the Republican Party's nomination to the California State Assembly from Monterey County.[7] He ran again in November 1892 and was nominated by Judge R. B. Carpenter for Monterey and was elected as a Republican to the State Assembly. He was a member of the California State Assembly for the 61st district from January 2, 1893, to January 7, 1895. He ran on the Republican ticket and was a Republican for most of his life.[11][1][12][13]

On March 19, 1898, Duckworth was appointed deputy collector of customs under Harry Chenoweth at Nogales, Arizona.[14]

Duckworth Brothers (1887).

S. J. Duckworth pauses to look upon what he hopes will become a booming “Carmel City", ca. 1890.

In 1887, he and his brother, Belesario Edward Duckworth, set up a real estate and insurance company, named Duckworth Brothers on Alvarado Street in Monterey.[15] By February 1889, the business was renamed from Duckworth Bros. to D. J. Duckworth, Real-Estate, Insurance Agent. In December of that year he added "Notary Public" to the billing.[2]

On January 9, 1888, the Pacific Improvement Company wanted to extend the railroad from Monterey to the Carmel River. Duckworth wanted to use this railway to establish a Catholic retreat near the Carmel Mission, in Carmel. The Catholic retreat would be like the Methodist colony already in Pacific Grove, California and would be called "Carmel City." This tract of land was known as Rancho Las Manzanitas. In 1888, Duckworth approached French businessman and Monterey businessman Honoré Escolle, with his plan of building the Catholic Community.[16][17]

On February 18, 1888, Escolle signed an agreement to sell 324 acres (131 ha) to Duckworth and his brother. The land began at the top of the Carmel Hill and ran past Hatton Ranch, down through Ocean Avenue to Junipero Avenue.[18][19][16]^: p4

In 1888, Carpenter Delos Goldsmith built Duckworth a one-story Vernacular-style side-gabled redwood residence, now known as the Santiago Duckworth House. The house is located on Carpenter Street southwest of 2nd Avenue. It was one of the first homes constructed in Carmel City. Goldsmith was the first builder in the new community.[20][21][22]

Carmel City Map by W. C. Little (1888).

In March 1888, Duckworth authorized W. C. Little, of Monterey, to survey the Carmel property and write down a subdivision map of the townsite with 135 blocks divided into four tracks. On May 1, 1888, the map was registered with the County Recorder of Monterey County. Corner lots were twenty-five dollars and inside lots twenty dollars and business lots solf for fifty dollars. In July 1888, the sale of lots began.[2][3]^: p15

Carmel City Catholic Summer Resort advertisement.

In 1889, Chinese workers began make the ground level at the end of the railway line. In April 1889, Duckworth placed an announcement in the local newspapers for the sale of Carmel lots, highlighting the advantages of the lots, access to the Southern Pacific railroad.[2] Chinese and Hispanic laborers cleared shrubs and marked off the lots. Cottages were built and business were started.[15]^: p93[3]^: p15

On July 1, 1889, Duckworth sold seven lots. In December 1889, he had sold another 207 lots and reserved five lots on the north side of Broadway Avenue (now Junipero), between 6th and Ocean Avenue for Carmel City's first hotel, Hotel Carmelo (now the Pine Inn). Most of the people that bought these lots were school teachers and administrators from San Francisco. However, the railroad was only extended from Monterey to the Asilimar in Pacific Grove, California.[7]

Duckworth hired Abbie Jane Hunter as a sales agent for Carmel City, who had founded the Women's Real Investment Company in San Francisco.[19]^: p27 In 1892, she sent out postcards promoting Carmel City as Carmel-by-the-Sea. References to Carmel City as a Catholic resort were never used again. She created a bath house at the foot of Ocean Avenue in 1889. It had a cupola and windows across the front to view the ocean. It was torn down in 1929.[23]

On November 17, 1892, Duckworth decided to go into politics and directed all of his unsold lots to Escolle as agent.[7]

In Panic of 1893 the United States went into a five-year depression that began in 1893 and ended in 1897. Sales were stagnant and the Carmel project was losing money. Hunter's agents, Dummage and Goldsmith, managed to sell three hundred more lots in Carmel. By 1895, the business of selling lots got did not improve. By 1900, Ms. Hunter's Carmel enterprise was almost bankrupt.[7][16]^: p5

In 1902, real estate developer James Franklin Devendorf purchased all the unsold land in Carmel from Duckworth with financial backing of San Francisco attorney Frank Hubbard Powers who became his partner. They formed the Carmel Development Company on November 25, 1902, and established the artists and writers' colony that became Carmel-by-the-Sea, in 1903.[3][16]^: p8

In 1903, Duckworth moved from Monterey County to Watsonville and had a 178 acres (72 ha) ranch near Pinto Lake in the Pajaro valley, about three miles northeast of Watsonville. He kept the reach until March 1915, when it was foreclosed for half its value.[24] In August 1915, he was elected secretary of the Watsonville Chamber of Commerce.[25]