Sarrat
Sarrat, officially the Municipality of Sarrat (Ilocano: Ili ti Sarrat; Filipino: Bayan ng Sarrat), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Ilocos Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 25,186 people.[3]
Sarrat
San Miguel | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Sarrat | |
 Sarrat Church | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Map of Ilocos Norte with Sarrat highlighted | |
OpenStreetMap | |
.svg.png.webp)  Sarrat Location within the Philippines | |
| Coordinates: 18°09′28″N 120°38′41″E | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Region | Ilocos Region |
| Province | Ilocos Norte |
| District | 1st district |
| Founded | 1586 |
| Barangays | 24 (see Barangays) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Sangguniang Bayan |
| • Mayor | Remigio B. Medrano |
| • Vice Mayor | Virgilio L. Agoto |
| • Representative | Ria Christina G. Fariñas |
| • Municipal Council | Members |
| • Electorate | 18,115 voters (2022) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 57.39 km2 (22.16 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 49 m (161 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 309 m (1,014 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[3] | |
| • Total | 25,186 |
| • Density | 440/km2 (1,100/sq mi) |
| • Households | 6,442 |
| Economy | |
| • Income class | 4th municipal income class |
| • Poverty incidence | 4.66 |
| • Revenue | ₱ 130.5 million (2020) |
| • Assets | ₱ 522.4 million (2020) |
| • Expenditure | ₱ 100.7 million (2020) |
| • Liabilities | ₱ 53.52 million (2020) |
| Service provider | |
| • Electricity | Ilocos Norte Electric Cooperative (INEC) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
| ZIP code | 2914 |
| PSGC | |
| IDD : area code | +63 (0)77 |
| Native languages | Ilocano Tagalog |
The town is known as the birthplace of Ferdinand Marcos, the 10th President of the Philippines and for Sarrat Church, the largest church in the province and with the longest nave in the country and an Important Cultural Property of the Philippines.
Etymology
Cabayugan was how the people called Sarrat by its first settlers led by the village chief Minagel (Maingel) Bang'at and his wife Sarrah, before the arrival of the Spaniards on the latter part of the 16th century.[5] Sarrat is a compound of the couple's names and is believed to be coined by their son Garo.
History
Cabayugan or Sarrat was established in 1586 as an Augustinian visita of Laoag. It became an independent parish in 1724. Sarrat was annexed to San Nicolas on May 7, 1740. During the revolt of 1815, many houses were burned to the ground and the town was left in shambles. After the revolt, the poblacion was transferred to its present site.
Upon the partition of Ilocos province in 1818, Sarrat was designated as the capital of Ilocos Norte until its transfer to Laoag within the year.
It boasts of a colorful and violent history: the whole town joined the Basi Revolt of 1807; rose up in arms again in 1815 during the Sarrat Rebellion of which the hated housekeeper of the parish priest, Rosa Agcaoili, was killed and dismembered; and revolted against the Americans in 1899 under the leadership of Don Pepe Ver. In 1910, the court returned Sarrat's church and convent to the Catholics and a day later, the Aglipayan parish priest, Fr. Mariano Edralin, was found murdered. The beautiful church of Santa Monica was started to be built by Fr. Isidro Champaner (OSA) in 1848. It is probably the biggest Spanish-era church in Ilocos Norte. Its original roof truss of logs is still intact.
After the colonization of the Spaniards, the town was renamed to San Miguel when the Augustinians erected a parish coinciding with the gaining of its township status on September 29, 1724. Two then Senators, Santiago Fonacier and Isabelo delos Reyes, eventually created the bill that changed the town's name from San Miguel to Sarrat in 1916.[5]
Sarrat's former names were Cabayugan meaning place where bayug (a kind of bamboo) grows, San Miguel de Cunning (meaning “saffron” which used to be harvested abundantly in the region) and San Miguel de Sarrat. Its name was changed from San Miguel to Sarrat in 1916.
The Sarrat Heroes monument erected at the town plaza symbolizes the heroism and bravery of all Sarrateños. "Ritritem'mon Kayong" was their war cry that still echoes on the true-blooded Sarrateños.
Geography
Sarrat is situated geographically just southeast of Laoag City, the capital of the province. Sarrat is bounded by the cities and municipalities of Batac to the south-west, San Nicolas to the west, Laoag to the north-west, Piddig to the north-east, Dingras to the east, the town of Marcos to the southeast, and a small portion of Banna to the south.[6] The town is traversed and divided into two by the Padsan River, creating a north and south areas that are connected by the Sarrat Bridge.
Barangays
Sarrat is politically subdivided into 24 barangays.[7] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
- San Agustin (Poblacion)
- San Andres
- San Antonio
- San Bernabe
- San Cristobal
- San Felipe
- San Francisco (Poblacion)
- San Isidro
- San Joaquin (Poblacion)
- San Jose
- San Juan
- San Leandro (Poblacion)
- San Lorenzo
- San Manuel
- San Marcos
- San Nicolas
- San Pedro
- San Roque
- San Vicente (Poblacion)
- Santa Barbara (Poblacion)
- Santa Magdalena
- Santa Rosa
- Santo Santiago
- Santo Tomas
Climate
| Climate data for Sarrat, Ilocos Norte | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 27 (81) |
28 (82) |
30 (86) |
32 (90) |
31 (88) |
31 (88) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
29 (84) |
28 (82) |
27 (81) |
29 (85) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 20 (68) |
20 (68) |
21 (70) |
23 (73) |
24 (75) |
25 (77) |
25 (77) |
25 (77) |
24 (75) |
23 (73) |
22 (72) |
21 (70) |
23 (73) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 38 (1.5) |
37 (1.5) |
37 (1.5) |
49 (1.9) |
181 (7.1) |
214 (8.4) |
264 (10.4) |
251 (9.9) |
243 (9.6) |
229 (9.0) |
129 (5.1) |
96 (3.8) |
1,768 (69.7) |
| Average rainy days | 11.6 | 10.7 | 12.4 | 15.2 | 22.6 | 25.0 | 26.1 | 24.9 | 24.3 | 19.2 | 16.4 | 15.4 | 223.8 |
| Source: Meteoblue[8] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
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| Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[9][10][11][12] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In the 2020 census, the population of Sarrat was 25,186 people,[3] with a density of 440 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,100 inhabitants per square mile.
Economy
Tourism
Santa Monica Parish Church
The Santa Monica Parish Church, commonly known as the Sarrat Church, is the largest church in Ilocos Norte and the most visited place by tourists in Sarrat. The church has one of the longest nave in the country and was declared an Important Cultural Property of the Philippines in September 2009.
The 105-meters long (the longest in the country) Church of St. Monica, first built in 1779 by the Augustinian friars, was the last Spanish church built in the Ilocos. It was destroyed on March 3, 1816, was rebuilt in 1848, burned again in 1882, repaired from 1875 to 1895 and finished between 1895 and 1898. Its bell tower was damaged during the March 19, 1932, earthquake. It has a unique, massive, 3-level and attractive brick staircase connecting the church with the convent. On one side of the church is the eight-foot high image of St. Monica. The church interior, along with the houses surrounding the plaza, were renovated in 1983 for Irene Marcos' (the youngest daughter of the President Ferdinand Marcos) wedding to Greggy Araneta. A few months later, on August 16, an magnitude 7.8 earthquake severely damaged the church's main altar and upper facade.
The impressive convent, known as the Casa del Palacio Real, was first built in 1779, completely burned on February 3, 1816, and was reconstructed in 1817 and 1886. It was, at times, used as a Presidencia Municipal during the American era. Within its environs, then were a jail where criminals and political prisoners were incarcerated and tortured, a sala court, a strangulation room and other secular sections. It also served, for a time, as the Colegio de Santa Monica (a branch of the Liceo de Manila). The convent was damaged during the 1932 earthquake and was repaired, in turns. In 1977, both church and convent were completely restored, with government assistance. The ground floor houses church memorabilia, church vestments and historical books and photographs.
The former 3-storey, square brick belfry of diminishing sizes, probably the largest in the province, has lost its top storeys. It once had a clock on the dome.
Santa Monica Parish Museum
The Santa Monica Parish Museum is a repository of artifacts and memorabilia that dates back to the construction of the church edifice in 1779. It was established in 1993 on the initiative of its parish priest, Rev. Msgr. Jacinto A. Jose and Rev. Edmundo M. Abaya, D.D., Bishop of the Diocese of Laoag.
It was completed and put in its present form in 1997 with the help of the Kannawidan Foundation Inc., The iloko Foundation for Arts and Culture. This organization is dedicated to the preservation of the cultural and historical heritage of the people of Ilocos Norte under the following officers and directors. Francis Ablan, Maximino J. Edralin, Rosie Mata Castro, Georgia Balmaceda Alviar, Lita Marcos Roque, Amparo Javier Araullo, Rolando P. Dela Cuesta, Wenceslao Agnir Jr., Caesar Agnir, Roxanne A. De la Cuesta, Arnold Segundo and Guia M. Valenciano
Nipa hut cottages
The nipa hut cottages along the banks of the Padsan River are another visitor attraction in the town. It is located at barangay San Joaquin (Barrio Uno) and is maintained by private entrepreneurs from the same barangay. These nipa huts are seasonal: built around December purposely for the summer season and are dismantled at the start of the rainy season. The nipa huts not only offer shade and comfort to the visitors but are equipped with Videoke system to complete the entertainment.
Culture
| Cultural Property wmph identifier |
Site name | Description | Province | City/municipality | Address | Coordinates | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sarrat Central Elementary School | Rebuilt in 1904 | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Barangay 6, San Leandro | 18.154503°N 120.644448°E |   | |
| Bitanga's House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Osmena corner Agor Street | 18.154783°N 120.645878°E |  | ||
| Villa Ver | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Agor Street | 18.154983°N 120.645969°E |  | ||
| Unknown House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #41 Agor Street corner Quevedo | 18.155421°N 120.646158°E |  Upload Photo | ||
| Unknown House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Quirino corner Magsaysay Street | 18.156032°N 120.646679°E |  | ||
| E. Carriaga Ver House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #46 Magsaysay Street | 18.155317°N 120.646667°E |  | ||
| Unknown House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #199 Rizal Street corner Magsaysay, Brgy 5. San Vicente | 18.155194°N 120.646083°E |  | ||
| Jose Ver-Balicanta House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #149, Brgy 3 Santa Barbara | 18.157269°N 120.646309°E |  | ||
| #124 Magsaysay St House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | 18.156667°N 120.647193°E | Upload Photo | |||
| Victoria Valmonte House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #163 Barangay Santa Barbara | 18.156812°N 120.645954°E |  | ||
| Scout Albano Monument and Park | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Albano Park | 18.155214°N 120.645403°E |  | ||
| Laoag Diocesan Museum | Formerly known as Casa del Palacio Real, used as church convent | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Santa Monica Parish Complex | 18.155367°N 120.644346°E |  | |
| Sarrat Church | Parish Church of Santa Monica | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Santa Monica Parish Complex | 18.155747°N 120.644850°E |  | |
| Bell tower of Sarrat Church | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Santa Monica Parish Complex | 18.156254°N 120.644485°E |  | ||
| Rit-ritemon Kaayong Uprising Monument | A monument in honor of Don Jamias Ver, leader of the people of Sarrat against the American invasion of the town. Named after the battle cry of the people of Sarrat, "Rit-ritemon Cayong" or "Rip it apart, brother."[20] | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Sarrat Municipal Grounds | 18.156907°N 120.644233°E |  | |
| Vistuario de Sarrat | It was built from 1928 to 1931 | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Sarrat Municipal Park | 18.156680°N 120.644821°E |  | |
| Rizal Monument | Donated by the youth of Iglesia Filipina Independiente | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Sarrat Municipal Park | 18.156652°N 120.645333°E |  | |
| Fabian Ver House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Rizal Street, Barangay 2 San Agustin | 18.157083°N 120.644833°E |  | ||
| Ver House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #153 Rizal Street, Barangay 2 San Agustin | 18.157131°N 120.644689°E |  | ||
| Dela Cuesta House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | 18.157149°N 120.644502°E |  | |||
| Old Sarrat Town Hall | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | 18.156609°N 120.644176°E |  | |||
| Palafox House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | #157 Marcos Avenue, Barangay 2, San Agustin | 18.157635°N 120.644331°E | Upload Photo | ||
| Gabriel House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Marcos Avenue, Barangay 2, San Agustin | 18.157475°N 120.643998°E | Upload Photo | ||
| New Sarrat Presidencia | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Marcos Avenue, Barangay 2, San Agustin | 18.158151°N 120.644100°E |  | ||
| Edralin House | also known as Marcos Museum | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Marcos Avenue | 18.159371°N 120.644487°E |  | |
| Familia Ruiz Ancestral House | Ruins of the old brick house of Don Teodulo Ruiz and Doña Dolores Bello Ruiz of Sarrat, Ilocos Norte | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Ruiz Street Barangay 3 | 18.158286°N 120.645065°E |  | |
| Bitanga's House | Ilocos Norte | Sarrat | Osmena corner Agor Street | 18.154783°N 120.645878°E | |
Government
Local government
Sarrat, belonging to the first congressional district of the province of Ilocos Norte, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.
Elected officials
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| Congressman | Ferdinand Alexander A. Marcos III |
| Mayor | Remigio B. Medrano |
| Vice-Mayor | Virgilio L. Agoto |
| Councilors | Mary Anne A. Damaso |
| Arnel R. Pacog | |
| Esteban O. Agoy | |
| Paulino R. Baltazar | |
| Marie-Fe G. Nacion | |
| Jimmy B. Fajardo | |
| Ferdinand B. Gaño | |
| Apolonio G. Medrano | |
Transportation
Going around the poblacion is served by the tricycles (Filipino: traysikel), a local term for a motorized transport made by pairing a motorcycle with a locally fabricated sidecar. These are also used to transport commuters to other remote barangays but usually through a special fare, the amount of which depends on what is agreed upon before the trip.
A regular and daily trip to neighboring Laoag City is provided by jeepneys, the main form of transportation. All jeepneys that ply the route are members of the Laoag-Sarrat Jeepney Operators and Drivers Association (LSJODA). Travel time takes around 15 minutes each way on a usual day.
Education
Sarrat offers its constituency up to secondary education. Tertiary and higher educations are provided by the neighboring Laoag City.
Primary and elementary schools
- Binaratan Elementary School
- South Central Elementary School
- North Central Elementary School
- Cabuloan Elementary School
- Golgol Elementary School
- Pandan Elementary School
- Parang Elementary School
- Patad Elementary School
- Ruiz Elementary School
- Sagpatan Elementary School
- San Antonio Elementary School
- San Bernabe Elementary School
- Sarrat Central School
- Sarrat North Central School
- Sta Rosa Elementary School
- San Pedro Public School
- San Andres Public School
High schools
- Sarrat National High School
- Santa Rosa National High School
Notable personalities
- Ferdinand E. Marcos, the 10th President of the Republic of the Philippines.
- Fabian C. Ver, a former General and Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
- Maximino Jamias Edralin, notable Philippine Journalist and Public Relations Officer
Notes
- Municipality of Sarrat | (DILG)
- "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
- Census of Population (2020). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. December 15, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
- "History of Sarrat, Ilocos Norte". Philippine History. Retrieved on August 4, 2013.
- Balingit, Roel (August 23, 2012). "File:Ph fil ilocos norte.png". Wikimedia Commons. retrieved on 2013-08-04.
- "Sarrat". Philippine Standard Geographic Code (RSGC) Interactive.
- "Sarrat: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved March 4, 2020.
- Census of Population (2015). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
- Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region I (Ilocos Region)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
- "Province of Ilocos Norte". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
- "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
- "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. March 23, 2009.
- "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 3, 2012.
- "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. May 31, 2016.
- "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. July 10, 2019.
- "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. December 15, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
- Dela Torre 2006, p. 249
- "2019 National and Local Elections" (PDF). Commission on Elections. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
Bibliography
- Dela Torre, Visitacion (2006). The Ilocos Heritage. Makati City: Tower Book House. ISBN 978-971-91030-9-7.
External links
- Municipality of Sarrat
- Philippine Standard Geographic Code
- Local Governance Performance Management System
- "Results from the 2007 Census of Population". Philippine Statistics Authority.
 Province of Ilocos Norte | |
|---|---|
Laoag (capital and largest city) | |
| Municipalities | |
| Component cities | |
| Barangays | |