St. Sebaldus Church, Nuremberg

St. Sebaldus Church (St. Sebald, Sebalduskirche) is a medieval church in Nuremberg, Germany. Along with Frauenkirche (Our Lady's Church) and St. Lorenz, it is one of the most important churches of the city, and also one of the oldest. It is located at the Albrecht-Dürer-Platz, in front of the old city hall. It takes its name from Sebaldus, an 8th-century hermit and missionary and patron saint of Nuremberg. It has been a Lutheran parish church since the Reformation.

St. Sebaldus Church
Sebalduskirche
northern facade
St. Sebaldus Church is located in Bavaria
St. Sebaldus Church
St. Sebaldus Church
St. Sebaldus Church is located in Germany
St. Sebaldus Church
St. Sebaldus Church
49°27′19″N 11°4′35″E
LocationNuremberg
CountryGermany
DenominationLutheran
Previous denominationCatholic
Websitewww.sebalduskirche.de
History
StatusParish church
Founded1225 (building)
1255 (parish)
Architecture
Functional statusActive
StyleRomanesque (original building)
Gothic
Administration
DivisionEvangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria
Clergy
Senior pastor(s)Martin Brons
Laity
Director of musicBernhard Buttmann

History

The construction of the building began in 1225. the church achieved parish church status in 1255 and was completed by 1273–75. It was originally built as a Romanesque basilica with two choirs. During the 14th century several important changes to the construction were made: first the side aisles were widened and the steeples made higher (1309–1345), then the late gothic hall chancel was built (1358–1379). The two towers were added in the 15th century. In the middle 17th century galleries were added and the interior was remodelled in the Baroque fashion. The church suffered serious damage during World War II and was subsequently restored. Some of the old interior undamaged includes the Shrine of St. Sebaldus, works by Veit Stoss and the stained glass windows. In the church the famous epitaph of the Tucher family can be found.

  • Monument of St. Sebaldus, a work of Peter Vischer the Elder and his sons. Begun 1508, completed 1519
    Monument of St. Sebaldus, a work of Peter Vischer the Elder and his sons. Begun 1508, completed 1519
  • 3D historical restoration of the Romanesque-period form of the St. Sebald Church
    3D historical restoration of the Romanesque-period form of the St. Sebald Church
  • 3D historical restoration of the early Gothic-period Saint Sebald Church
    3D historical restoration of the early Gothic-period Saint Sebald Church
  • 3D historical restoration showing Saint Sebald's late Gothic East Choir addition superimposed on the early Gothic church
    3D historical restoration showing Saint Sebald's late Gothic East Choir addition superimposed on the early Gothic church
  • 3D historical restoration showing the Romanesque-period Saint Sebald Church superimposed on the current Church
    3D historical restoration showing the Romanesque-period Saint Sebald Church superimposed on the current Church
  • Tucher Epitaph
    Tucher Epitaph

Organ
The organ of 1975 by Peter of Cologne

The church had an organ by the 14th century, and another by the 15th. The main organ had been built in 1440–41 by Heinrich Traxdorf, who also built two small organs for Nuremberg's Frauenkirche. The Traxdorf organ was rebuilt in 1691. The modified case was destroyed by the Allied forces during a bombing raid on 2 January 1945.

The new 4 manual, 122 rank, 84 stop organ by Peter of Cologne was installed in 1975.

I Hauptwerk C–a3
Praestant16′
Bordun16′
Principal8′
Metallflöte8′
Spitzgambe8′
Großnasat51/3′
Octave4′
Spitzflöte4′
Schwiegel22/3′
Octave2′
Rohrschweizerpfeife2′
Kornett V8′
Hintersatz III–IV4′
Mixtur VI–VII2′
Trompete16′
Trompete8′
Trompete4′
Glocken
II Schwell-Positiv C–a3
Rohrpommer16′
Grobgedeckt8′
Quintadena8′
Weidenpfeife8′
Principal4′
Rohrflöte4′
Nasatquinte22/3′
Kleinoctave2′
Überblasender Dulcian2′
Gemsterz13/5′
Kleinquinte11/3′
Sifflet1′
Septnone II11/7′
Scharfmixtur IV–VI1′
Cimbel III1/3′
Rohrkrummhorn16′
Voix humaine8′
Schalmei8′
Tremulant
III Schwell-Oberwerk C–a3
Nachthorngedeckt16′
Schwellprincipal8′
Rohrgedeckt8′
Flaut d’amore8′
Flaut lament (Schwebung)8′
Octava nazarda4′
Koppelflöte4′
Terzflöte31/5′
Octave2′
Flute douce2′
Rohrgemsquinte11/3′
Span. Hintersatz III4′
Sesquialtera II22/3′
Mixtur V–VI11/3′
Oberton II8/11′
Fagott16′
Trompete harmonique8′
Clairon4′
Tremulant
Xylophon
Pedalwerk C–f1
Principalbass32′
Principalbass16′
Subbass16′
Gedecktbass16′
Salizetbass16′
Octavbass8′
Bassflöte8′
Octave4′
Gemshorn4′
Doppelrohrflöte2′
Bauernflöte1′
Rauschzink IV51/3′
Mixtur IV22/3′
Bombarde32′
Posaunenbass16′
Trompetenbass8′
Bärpfeife8′
Feldtrompete4′
Tremulant
(IV) Chororgel C–a3
Gedeckt8′
Engl. Gambe8′
Principal4′
Rohrtraverse4′
Octave2′
Quinte22/3′
Mixtur III–IV1′
Musette8′
Tremulant

Pedal (Chororgel) C–f1
Pommer16′
Bassflöte8′
Choralbass II4′
  • Couplers: II/I, III/I, III/II, IV/I, IV/II, IV/III, I/P, II/P, II 4'/P, III/P, IV/P

Organists

The position of organist of St. Sebaldus was the most important one of this kind in Nuremberg, and several important composers occupied this post. Organists who worked at St. Sebaldus include the following (almost all held the post until their death, except where stated otherwise):

Judensau
Anti-Jewish sculpture of a "Judensau" (German for "Jews' sow"). Seen from the Rathausplatz.

The church features a Judensau, an antisemitic sculpture depicting Jews engaged in obscene activities with pigs. The Judensau depicts a large sow, with two Jews hanging on the teats. A third Jew is feeding the sow on the left side, while a fourth is collecting the excrement on the right. The sculpture was made in the 1380s and is placed at a height of about 7 meters on the church.[1]

Burials

References
  1. "What Should We Do with Hateful Medieval Monuments?". The Public Medievalist. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
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