Sefer Halilović

On 25 May 1992 he was appointed by the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina (RBiH) as Commander of the Territorial Defence (TO) Staff of the RBiH, replacing Hasan Efendić, becoming the most senior Military Commander of the armed forces of the RBiH.

From his appointment in May to early July, while the TO evolved into an Army, Halilović also acted as a member of the War Presidency. After July 1992, he functioned as the Chief of the General Staff of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 18 August 1992, the Presidency formed five corps of the ABiH with Halilović as Chief of the Supreme Command Staff / Chief of the Main Staff. On 8 June 1993, a new position was created, Commander of the Supreme Command Staff. Rasim Delić filled this post. Between 18 July 1993 to 1 November 1993, he held the post of Deputy Commander of the Supreme Command Staff of the ARBiH as well as Chief of the Supreme Command Staff.

After a meeting in Zenica on 20–21 August 1993, Rasim Delić appointed him Head of an Inspection Team. At that same meeting he urged his fellow officers to prioritize the disciplining of BH soldiers. He was quoted as saying; "When are we going to start shooting people for not following orders"?

During the war Halilović ran afoul of the political leaders of Bosnia who in turn were likely responsible for the failed attempt on Halilović's life. On 7 July 1993 at 14:10h Halilović's flat was bombed using a remote detonated explosive device. While Halilović, his son and daughter were not killed, his wife Mediha and her brother Edin Rondić died. Rondić appeared on the balcony in a military uniform at the same time that Halilović came home for lunch with his family. The assassins likely mistook Rondić for Halilović and detonated the device.

The assassin was a member of the State Security Service or SDB-s secret group for liquidation and their commander was Nedžad Ugljen, also the director of SDB.

Halilović was indicted on the basis of superior criminal responsibility (Article 7(3) of the Statute of the Tribunal) and charged with one count of violation of the laws and customs of war (Article 3 – murder).[2] The massacre he was accused of being responsible for took place in villages of Grabovica and Uzdol in September 1993. The ICTY prosecutors claimed that he was leader of Operation Neretva '93 which was conducted by the ARBiH in the area.

The trial against Sefer Halilović began on 31 January 2005. The Prosecution completed its case on 2 June. There were 39 prosecution witnesses and two witness statements. The Trial Chamber admitted 287 exhibits tendered into evidence by the prosecution. The defence case commenced on 27 June and lasted until 14 July 2005. There were three defence witnesses and twelve witness statements. The parties made their closing arguments on 30 and 31 August 2005. The Trial Chamber admitted 207 exhibits tendered into evidence by the defence. Halilović's defence showed that he had no effective control and no commanding role over the perpetrators, but was a notional inspector without proper authority.[3]

Sefer's lawyers at trial were Peter Morrissey (from Australia) and Guenael Mettraux (from Switzerland). It was alleged that Rasim Delić, along with Fikret Muslimović, and Bakir Alispahić ordered Sefer's failed assassination which was attempted by two members of the secret state security group known as "Ševe", and their commander Nedžad Ugljen, also the director of the state security service or SDB. While Sefer was not killed, his wife Mediha and her brother Edin Rondić were murdered.

Faruk further alleges that Alija Izetbegović, the former president of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Delić's boss, attempted to discredit Halilović by framing him for the Neretva 1993 massacre through mostly false documents provided by the security service Directors : Munir Alibabić (SBD Director), Fikret Muslimović (SVB Director), Nedžad Ugljen (commander of "Ševe" and Director of SDB), Jusuf Jašarević (SVB Director), Enver Mujezinović (SDB in Sarajevo Director) and Bakir Alispahić (minister of MUP). It has been alleged that the secret service agents bribed numerous witnesses for false account of what actually took place and that Halilović is simply a scapegoat. Halilović's book "Cunning Strategy", published in 1997, details his side of the story.

On 16 November 2005, Halilović was acquitted on all charges and released.[4] The Court found that, while murders considered war crimes did occur at those places, Halilović did not have command authority, being only an inspector, and that he cannot be considered responsible for them. The prosecution appealed the verdict. On 16 October 2007 the appeals chamber ruled against the prosecution appeal and confirmed the acquittal verdict rendered almost two years earlier by the trial chamber.[5]