Seinäjoki Civil Guard House

The Seinäjoki Civil Guard House (Finnish: Seinäjoen Suojeluskuntatalo) is a building located in Seinäjoki, Finland. It is notable for being one of the first public buildings designed entirely by the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto, and is considered one of his breakthrough works.[1]

Seinäjoki Civil Guard House
Seinäjoen Suojeluskuntatalo
Seinäjoki Civil Guard House pictured in 2012
Alternative namesSeinäjoki Defence Corps Building,
Seinäjoki White Guard House
General information
TypePublic
Architectural styleNordic Classicism
LocationSeinäjoki, Finland
AddressKauppakatu 17
60100 Seinäjoki
Coordinates62.788977°N 22.837313°E / 62.788977; 22.837313
Current tenantsSuojeluskunta & Lotta Svärd Museum
Completed1926
OwnerCity of Seinäjoki
Technical details
Structural systemMasonry, timber
Design and construction
Architect(s)Alvar Aalto

Background and use

The building was designed by Aalto in 1924–1926,[2] to serve as the headquarters of the South Ostrobothnia division of the Finnish Civil Guard (aka. White Guard, or Defence Corps) voluntary militia and the related Lotta Svärd women's auxiliary organisation.[2]

After the end of World War II (or Continuation War, in the Finnish context), the Civil Guard and Lotta Svärd organisations were disbanded as stipulated in the peace treaty with the Soviet Union, and the building was leased to a youth cultural organisation (Nuorisoseuraliike), with other tenants over time including a school.[3]

Since 1990, the building has been home to the Suojeluskunta & Lotta Svärd Museum, as part of the City of Seinäjoki museum network.[2][3]

Design

The design, in the Nordic classical style, is considered one of the main works from Aalto's earlier neoclassical period, predating the modernist style for which he is more widely known.[4][5]

The main interior features were also designed by Aalto,[5] and are stylistically in similar vein; per Alvar Aalto Foundation,[4]

The unusual stair hall, facade pilasters, and assembly hall [are] painted in Pompeiian style. [...] Aalto originally designed a loggia-like staircase for the end entrance, but it was not built.

The building complex consists of three buildings and a courtyard enclosed by them.[4] The main building comprises three storeys, and is of masonry (ground floor) and timber (first and second floors) construction.[3][4] The ground floor is partly subterranean, and houses a circular assembly hall.[4] The top floor was originally intended for residential use, with further accommodation found in one of the separate buildings.[4]

The courtyard was originally intended for parade and foot drill use,[4] and now houses the 1988 statue Suojeluskuntalainen and related relief by Finnish sculptor, Professor Pentti Papinaho.[3][5]

In 2002, the building complex was designated and protected by the Finnish Heritage Agency as a nationally important built cultural environment (Valtakunnallisesti merkittävä rakennettu kulttuuriympäristö).[1][5]

See also

References
  1. "Etelä-Pohjanmaan suojeluskuntapiirin talo". RKY.fi (in Finnish). Finnish Heritage Agency. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  2. "Suojeluskuntamuseon pelastusoperaatio käynnissä Seinäjoella" (in Finnish). Yle. 19 March 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  3. "Suojeluskunta- ja lottamuseo". Museot.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  4. "The Seinäjoki Defence Corps Building". AlvarAalto.fi. Alvar Aalto Foundation. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  5. "Southern Ostrobothnia Civil Guard Headquarters". VisitSeinajoki.fi. City of Seinäjoki. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
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