Shapingba District

Shapingba (simplified Chinese: 沙坪坝; traditional Chinese: 沙坪垻[1]; pinyin: Shāpíngbà) is a district of Chongqing, People's Republic of China, formerly known as Shaci District (沙磁区; Shācí qū) during the Sino-Japanese War. It is one of the central parts of Chongqing and covers around 396 square kilometers, with 13 subdistricts and 11 towns. Shapingba is one of the most populated areas in Chongqing with a population of around one million.

Shapingba
沙坪坝区
District
The skyline of Shapingba.
The skyline of Shapingba.
Shapingba District in Chongqing
Shapingba District in Chongqing
CountryPeople's Republic of China
MunicipalityChongqing
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Websitehttp://spb.cq.cqedu.net/

Location and geography
Sanxia Square
Night view of Sanxia Square

Shapingba is one of Chongqing's main districts. It borders Jiulongpo to the south, Bishan to the west and Beibei to the north. The district itself is on the west bank of the Jialing River.

History

Before Shapingba District became a part of Chongqing, it was part of Baxian(Now Banan District). In the early 1930s, Shapingba District belonged to Baxian First District, the government was located at Ciqikou (Longyin Town) in the ancient section of town. During the period of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Chiang Kai-shek’s government moved to Chongqing, and a large number of schools, factories and medical institutions settled in Shapingba. On February 6, 1938, the Chongqing University, the Sichuan College of Education, the Chongqing Nankai Middle School, the Chongqing Electrical Steel Works and several institutions relocated to Shapingba from Beijing, Shanghai or Nanjing such as the National Central University, China Radio International, and the Academia Sinica.

Administrative divisions
NameChinese (S)Hanyu PinyinPopulation (2010)[2]Area (km2)
Xiaolongkan Subdistrict小龙坎街道Xiǎolóngkǎn Jiēdào35,1670.97
Shapingba Subdistrict沙坪坝街道Shāpíngbà Jiēdào73,2902.68
Yubei Road Subdistrict渝碚路街道Yúbèilù Jiēdào100,0122.3
Ciqikou Subdistrict磁器口街道Cíqìkǒu Jiēdào18,9631.2
Tongjiaqiao Subdistrict童家桥街道Tóngjiāqiáo Jiēdào47,8732.92
Shijingpo Subdistrict石井坡街道Shíjǐngpō Jiēdào33,1843.15
Zhanjiaxi Subdistrict詹家溪街道Zhānjiāxī Jiēdào31,683
Jingkou Subdistrict井口街道Jǐngkǒu Jiēdào25,679
Geyaoshan Subdistrict歌乐山街道Gēyàoshān Jiēdào10,9504
Shandong Subdistrict山洞街道Shāndòng Jiēdào3,0751.45
Xinqiao Subdistrict新桥街道Zīnqiáo Jiēdào52,762
Tianxingqiao Subdistrict天星桥街道Tiānxīngqiáo Jiēdào77,4705.2
Tuwan Subdistrict土湾街道Tǔwān Jiēdào45,1441.3
Tanjiagang Subdistrict覃家岗街道Tánjiāgǎng Jiēdào79,54431
Chenjiaqiao Subdistrict陈家桥街道Chénjiāqiáo Jiēdào54,82838.42
Huxi Subdistrict虎溪街道Hǔxī Jiēdào54,07927
Xiyong Subdistrict西永街道Xīyǒng Jiēdào26,14028.6
Lianfang Subdistrict联芳街道Liánfāng Jiēdào24,778
Jingkou town井口镇Jǐngkǒu Zhèn27,40425
Geyaoshan town歌乐山镇Gēyàoshān Zhèn41,67436.6
Qingmuguan town青木关镇Qīngmùguān Zhèn30,46932.27
Fenghuang town凤凰镇Fènghuáng Zhèn19,90231.7
Huilongba town回龙坝镇Huílóngbà Zhèn26,58239.1
Zengjia town曾家镇Zēngjiā Zhèn23,94734.03
Tuzhu town土主镇Tǔzhǔ Zhèn18,30333.32
Zhongliang town中梁镇Zhōngliáng Zhèn17,111

Colleges and universities
Chongqing University

Climate
Climate data for Chongqing (Shapingba District, 1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.8
(65.8)		 24.6
(76.3)		 34.0
(93.2)		 36.5
(97.7)		 38.9
(102.0)		 39.8
(103.6)		 42.0
(107.6)		 43.7
(110.7)		 41.9
(107.4)		 35.1
(95.2)		 29.2
(84.6)		 21.5
(70.7)		 43.7
(110.7)
Average high °C (°F) 10.4
(50.7)		 13.6
(56.5)		 18.6
(65.5)		 23.9
(75.0)		 27.4
(81.3)		 29.8
(85.6)		 33.7
(92.7)		 33.9
(93.0)		 28.5
(83.3)		 22.0
(71.6)		 17.3
(63.1)		 11.7
(53.1)		 22.6
(72.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.1
(46.6)		 10.4
(50.7)		 14.5
(58.1)		 19.2
(66.6)		 22.6
(72.7)		 25.4
(77.7)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.9
(84.0)		 24.4
(75.9)		 18.9
(66.0)		 14.5
(58.1)		 9.5
(49.1)		 18.8
(65.8)
Average low °C (°F) 6.4
(43.5)		 8.3
(46.9)		 11.7
(53.1)		 16.0
(60.8)		 19.4
(66.9)		 22.4
(72.3)		 25.4
(77.7)		 25.3
(77.5)		 21.5
(70.7)		 16.8
(62.2)		 12.5
(54.5)		 8.0
(46.4)		 16.1
(61.0)
Record low °C (°F) −1.8
(28.8)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 1.2
(34.2)		 2.8
(37.0)		 10.8
(51.4)		 15.5
(59.9)		 19.2
(66.6)		 17.8
(64.0)		 14.3
(57.7)		 6.9
(44.4)		 0.7
(33.3)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 −1.8
(28.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 20.7
(0.81)		 22.4
(0.88)		 55.6
(2.19)		 103.4
(4.07)		 142.5
(5.61)		 212.1
(8.35)		 174.2
(6.86)		 125.7
(4.95)		 124.7
(4.91)		 95.3
(3.75)		 50.4
(1.98)		 24.7
(0.97)		 1,151.7
(45.33)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 10.0 8.9 11.5 13.6 16.0 16.0 11.3 11.5 12.6 15.8 11.3 10.6 149.1
Average relative humidity (%) 82 78 75 75 76 79 73 70 77 84 83 84 78
Mean monthly sunshine hours 16.6 32.9 72.8 105.8 109.7 98.7 169.3 175.2 102.6 46.6 35.0 18.0 983.2
Percent possible sunshine 5 10 19 27 26 24 40 43 28 13 11 6 21
Average ultraviolet index 4 6 8 10 11 12 12 11 10 7 5 4 8
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[3][4][5]
Source 2: Weather Atlas (uv)[6][7]

Transport

Transport connections to and from Shapingba has improved over the years. There are buses that run directly to most other districts including Jiangbei, Yuzhong and Jiulongpo. Three highways, Chengdu-Chongqing, Chongqing-Changshou and Shangqiao-Jieshi come across here. Within only half an hour, it is possible to reach the Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport. Chongqing's West Railway Station is located in Shapingba. Though departures and arrivals are somewhat limited at this station, it is quite useful for trips to nearby destations such as Guiyang or Dazhou.

Metro

Shapingba is currently served by one metro lines operated by Chongqing Rail Transit:

Industry

The industry of Shapingba mainly consists of motorcycle and car manufacture, electrical equipment, biologic-chemical industry and tertiary occupation. The state owned corporations include Jialing Group, Southwest Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd and Chongqing Pesticide Chemical Group, while private owned corporations include Chongqing HuiLi Ltd , Lifan Group, Yuan Group and Huayang Group.

Tourism

Shapingba has a number of tourist attractions, including the monuments of Anti-Japanese War and Red Crag. The Geleshan is located in the old town of Ciqikou. Lin's Garden is also an attraction.

References
  1. According to "《通用规范汉字表》解读" (An Interpretation of the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters), 坝 was merged from two different Traditional Chinese characters: 垻 and 壩. The definition of 垻 is "平地（沙坪坝） flat land (Shapingba)", while 壩 means "dam" or "dike", showing that the traditional form of 沙坪坝 should be 沙坪垻. In addition, the ancient dictionary Guangyun defines 垻 as 蜀人謂平川爲垻 (Sichuan people call flat land "垻").
  2. shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  3. "Index" 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 23 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  4. CMA台站气候标准值(1991-2020) (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2023-04-11.
  5. 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值数据集 （1971–2000年） (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. May 2011. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
  6. "Monthly weather forecast and climate - Chongqing, China". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  7. "57516: Chongqing (China)". ogimet.com (in Spanish). OGIMET. 19 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
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