Silver Medal for Merit

The Silver Medal for Merit, post-nominal letters SMM, was instituted by the President of the Republic of South Africa in April 1996. It was awarded to veteran cadres of the Azanian People's Liberation Army, the military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress, for exceptionally meritorious service and particular devotion to duty during the "struggle".[1][2]

Silver Medal for Merit
TypeMilitary decoration for merit
Awarded forExceptionally meritorious service and particular devotion to duty
Country  South Africa
Presented bythe President
EligibilityAzanian People's Liberation Army cadres
Post-nominalsSMM
Campaign(s)The "struggle"
StatusDiscontinued in 2003
Established1996
Ribbon bar
APLA 1996 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear
Next (higher)
APLA precedence:
SANDF precedence:
Next (lower)
APLA succession:
SANDF succession:

Azanian People's Liberation Army

The Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) was the para-military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). It was established in 1961 to wage an armed "struggle" against the Nationalist government inside South Africa. On 27 April 1994, the Azanian People's Liberation Army was amalgamated with six other military forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[1][3][4]

Institution

The Silver Medal for Merit, post-nominal letters SMM, was instituted by the President in April 1996. It is the middle award of a set of three decorations for merit, along with the Gold Decoration for Merit and the Bronze Medal for Merit.[1][2][5]

The Azanian People's Liberation Army's military decorations and medals were modelled on those of the South African Defence Force and these three decorations are the approximate equivalents of, respectively, the Southern Cross Decoration and Pro Merito Decoration, the Southern Cross Medal (1975) and Pro Merito Medal (1975), and the Military Merit Medal.[5]

Award criteria

The decoration could be awarded to veteran cadres of the Azanian People's Liberation Army for exceptionally meritorious service and particular devotion to duty during the "struggle".[1]

Order of wear
Main article: South African military decorations order of wear § Order of wear

The position of the Silver Medal for Merit in the official military and national orders of precedence was revised upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003.[5][6]

Azanian People's Liberation Army

Gold Decoration for Merit (GDM) Silver Medal for Merit (SMM) Bronze Medal for Merit (BMM)

South African National Defence Force until 26 April 2003

Merit Medal in Silver (MMS) Silver Medal for Merit (SMM) Danie Theron Medal (DTM)

South African National Defence Force from 27 April 2003

Merit Medal in Silver (MMS) Silver Medal for Merit (SMM) iPhrothiya yeSiliva (PS)

  • Official SANDF order of precedence:
    • Preceded by the Merit Medal in Silver (MMS) of Umkhonto we Sizwe.
    • Succeeded by the iPhrothiya yeSiliva (PS) of the Republic of South Africa.[5]
  • Official national order of precedence:
    • Preceded by the Merit Medal in Silver (MMS) of Umkhonto we Sizwe.
    • Succeeded by the iPhrothiya yeSiliva (PS) of the Republic of South Africa.[5]

Description
Obverse

The Silver Medal for Merit was struck in silver, to fit in a circle 38 millimetres in diameter. It depicts the Azanian People's Liberation Army emblem in a dark blue enameled roundel, in the centre of a five-pointed starburst of radiating points.[1][7]

Reverse

The reverse displays the embellished pre-1994 South African Coat of Arms.

Ribbon

The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and dark blue, with two 6 millimetres wide white bands in the centre, spaced 4 millimetres apart.[1][7]

Discontinuation

Conferment of the Silver Medal for Merit was discontinued upon the institution of a new set of South African honours on 27 April 2003.[6]

References
  1. South African Medal Website - Liberation armies (Accessed 30 April 2015)
  2. South African Medal Website - Post-nominal Letters (Accessed 28 April 2015)
  3. "Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe". African National Congress. 16 December 1961. Archived from the original on 17 December 2006. Retrieved 30 December 2006.
  4. Warrant of the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of the "UNITAS MEDAL-UNITAS-MEDALJE", Gazette no. 16087 dated 25 November 1994.
  5. Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, OCLC 72827981
  6. Presidential Warrant by the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of Honours for Bravery in the South African National Defence Force, Gazette no. 25213 dated 25 July 2003.
  7. Uniform: SA Army: Former Forces Medals - Azanian Peoples Liberation Army (APLA)
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