Snoqualmie Indian Tribe

The Snoqualmie Indian Tribe (S·dukʷalbixʷ), is a federally recognized tribe of Snoqualmie people. They are Coast Salish Native American peoples from the Snoqualmie Valley in east King and Snohomish Counties in Washington state. Other names for the Snoqualmies include Snoqualmu, Snoqualmoo, Snoqualmick, Snoqualamuke, and Snuqualmi.[1]

For a list of locations and entities named for the Snoqualmie tribe, see Snoqualmie (disambiguation).
Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
Snoqualmie Tribal Government Campus,
Snoqualmie, Washington
Total population
approximately 650
Regions with significant populations
City of Snoqualmie
City of North Bend
Greater Seattle Area
Washington (state) Washington
United StatesUnited States
Languages
English, Southern Lushootseed
Religion
Christianity, traditional tribal religion
Related ethnic groups
other Snoqualmie people

History

Some Snoqualmies settled onto the Tulalip Reservation after signing the Point Elliott Treaty with the Washington Territory in 1855, but many remained in their ancestral homelands around the Snoqualmie Valley and Lake Sammamish. At that time they were one of the largest tribes in the Puget Sound region numbering around 4,000.[2] In 1937 the Federal Government proposed granting a reservation though in the end the land was never given.[3] The tribe lost federal recognition in 1953. In October 1999, the Bureau of Indian Affairs once again granted recognition to the Snoqualmie.[4]

They purchased land for and were granted a reservation near Snoqualmie, Washington, on which the tribe opened the Snoqualmie Casino in 2008.[5] They have tried and failed on several occasions to secure a reservation on their ancestral lands along the Tolt River (a tributary of the Snoqualmie River) until the Snoqualmie Tribe Ancestral Forest was purchased by the tribe at the end of 2021. The 12,000-acre ancestral forestlands (4,900 ha) in East King County holds environmental, economic, and historic value to the tribe.[6] The land, most recently used for industrial timber, will be sustainably harvested while the ecosystem is managed to support the native plant and wildlife populations.[7]

Government

The Snoqualmie Tribe is governed by a Tribal constitution and an elected Council. The Tribe's governing structure includes building codes, health codes and other standard governmental functions.

References
  1. "Snoqualmie Tribe – NPAIHB". Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  2. Krishnan, Sonia (2005-01-04). "Snoqualmie Tribe on road to self-sufficiency". The Seattle Times.
  3. Tribe, Snoqualmie. "Snoqualmie Tribe Releases First Economic Impact Study | Snoqualmie Indian Tribe". Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  4. "Snoqualmie Tribe History". Governor's Office of Indian Affairs. Archived from the original on 4 February 2010. Retrieved 7 March 2008.
  5. Miletich, Steve (2008-11-02). "Snoqualmie Tribe's big bet: The casino that almost wasn't". The Seattle Times. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
  6. Opong, Diana (February 5, 2022). "For the first time in generations, a tribe in Washington has land". OPB. Retrieved 2022-02-06.
  7. "Snoqualmie Indian Tribe purchases thousands of acres of ancestral forestlands". KOMO News. 2022-02-06. Retrieved 2022-02-07.

Further reading
  • Tweddell, Colin E. The Snoqualmie-Duwamish Dialects of Puget Sound Coast Salish: An Outline of Phonemics and Morphology. University of Washington publications in anthropology, v. 12. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1950.
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