Solvychegodsk

Solvychegodsk (Russian: Сольвычего́дск, lit. 'salt on the Vychegda') is a town in Kotlassky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right-hand bank of the Vychegda River, about 25 kilometers (16 mi) northeast of Kotlas, the administrative center of the district. Population: 2,460 (2010 Census);[3] 2,843 (2002 Census);[8] 4,004 (1989 Census).[9]

Solvychegodsk
Сольвычегодск
Town[1]
Northeastern view of Solvychegodsk
Northeastern view of Solvychegodsk
Coat of arms of Solvychegodsk
Coat of arms
Location of Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk is located in Russia
Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk
Location of Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk is located in Arkhangelsk Oblast
Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk (Arkhangelsk Oblast)
Coordinates: 61°20′N 46°55′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectArkhangelsk Oblast[1]
Administrative districtKotlassky District[1]
Town of district significanceSolvychegodsk[1]
Founded14th century[2]
Elevation
70 m (230 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[3]
 • Total2,460
 • Estimate 
(2018)[4]
2,032 (−17.4%)
 • Capital oftown of district significance of Solvychegodsk[1]
 • Municipal districtKotlassky Municipal District[5]
 • Urban settlementSolvychegodskoye Urban Settlement[5]
 • Capital ofSolvychegodskoye Urban Settlement[5]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[6])
Postal code(s)[7]
165330Edit this on Wikidata
Dialing code(s)+7 81837
OKTMO ID11627104001

History
17th century Stroganov country house in Solvychegodsk

Solvychegodsk was founded in the 14th century on the shores of Lake Solyonoye.[2] The locality was known as Usolye posad or Usolsk in the 15th century.[2] Anikey Stroganov (1488–1570) began salt production in 1515, which later became a huge industry, and started the Stroganov family fortune. In the 16th–17th centuries, Solvychegodsk was a big commercial, handicraft, and cultural hub of Northern Russia. It was especially famous for its enamel industry. Solvychegodsk was captured and looted by Polish-Lithuanian vagabonds, the Lisowczycy, on January 22, 1613. In 1796, the town became a part of Vologda Governorate. It was also known as a place of political exile. In 1937, Solvychegodsk was transferred to the jurisdiction of Arkhangelsk Oblast.

Joseph Stalin was exiled here for seven months after being arrested by the Okhrana in April 1909 and for another seventeen months in 1911.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated within Kotlassky District as the town of district significance of Solvychegodsk.[1] As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Solvychegodsk, together with the territories of Pacheozersky, Peschansky, Solvychegodsky, and Kharitonovsky Selsoviets (which comprise, correspondingly, twenty-five, twelve, forty, and sixteen rural localities, for the total of ninety-three rural localities) in Kotlassky District, is incorporated within Kotlassky Municipal District as Solvychegodskoye Urban Settlement.[5]

Economy

The Vychegda in Solvychegodsk is navigable, and in summer there is regular passenger navigation connecting Kotlas and Soyga (located approximately halfway between Solvychegodsk and Yarensk).

There is no railway in Solvychegodsk. The Solvychegodsk railway station is actually located in the urban-type settlement of Vychegodsky, on the line connecting Kotlas and Vorkuta at the other side of the Vychegda.

There is a car and passenger ferry to the right bank of the Vychegda River. The ferry is connected by an unpaved road with the paved road between Kotlas and Koryazhma. There is also an unpaved road upstream along the Vychegda, heading to Yarensk.

Culture and recreation
The Presentation Cathedral in Solvychegodsk

Nine objects of cultural heritage protected at the federal level and additionally thirty-three monuments of history and architecture of local importance are located in the town.[10][11] The federal list of cultural heritage includes the following ensembles:

  • former Presentation Monastery, including the Presentation Cathedral (1688—1712), one of the five surviving Stroganov baroque churches
  • former Annunciation Cathedral (1560—1584) with the adjacent bell-tower
  • Church of the Holy Mandylion (Spaso-Obydenskaya Church, 1691—1697)
  • Pyankov House (19th century)

The town of Solvychegodsk is classified as a historical town by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, which implies certain restrictions on construction in the historical center.[12]

The only state museum in the town, the Solvychegodsk Museum of Art and History, is housed in the former Annunciation Cathedral.[13] There is also a small private museum devoted to the fictional author, Kozma Prutkov, who, according to his official biography, was born in Solvychegodsk.

The town is home to a number of balneological resorts, where mineral springs and silt mud from the Lake Solyanoye are used.

References

Notes
  1. Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 11 227 504», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 11 227 504, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  2. Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 432. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
  3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  4. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  5. Law #258-vneoch.-OZ
  6. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  7. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  8. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  9. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  10. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
  11. "Приложение к постановлению администрации Архангельской области от 13.08.1998 N207" (in Russian). Правотека.ру. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  12. "Приказ Министерства культуры Российской Федерации, Министерства регионального развития Российской Федерации от 29 июля 2010 г. N 418/339 г. Москва "Об утверждении перечня исторических поселений"" (in Russian). Российская газета. September 29, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
  13. ГУК "Сольвычегодский историко-художественный музей" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved May 26, 2011.

Sources
  • Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №258-внеоч.-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2004 г. «О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №224-13-ОЗ от 16 декабря 2014 г. «Об упразднении отдельных населённых пунктов Соловецкого района Архангельской области и о внесении изменения в статью 46 Областного закона "О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №38, 8 октября 2004 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #258-vneoch.-OZ of September 23, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #224-13-OZ of December 16, 2014 On Abolishing Several Inhabited Localities in Solovetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and on Amending Article 46 of the Oblast Law "On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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