Southern maned sloth

The southern maned sloths have flatter skulls, rounder jaws, and wider cheekbones than the northern maned sloths.[1] The species has a head that looks like a coconut.

The sloth is endemic to Brazil's Atlantic Forest, a highly biodiverse region. Southern maned sloths were found in Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo.[2]

The species was discovered by John Edward Gray in 1850, but his assertions were later dismissed, with taxonomists agreeing that the specimen, that Gray described was a B. torquatus, but the new study proves that B. critinus does indeed exist.[1] The B. crinitus separated from B. torquatus in the north by more than 4 million years of evolution.[3] B.torquatus and B. crinitus are allopatrically distributed that diverged during the Early Pliocene (period of global cooling). [[Miranda, F. R., Garbino, G. S., Machado, F. A., Perini, F. A., Santos, F. R., & Casali, D. M. (2022). Taxonomic revision of maned sloths, subgenus Bradypus (Scaeopus), Pilosa, Bradypodidae, with revalidation of Bradypus crinitus Gray, 1850. Journal of Mammalogy, 104(1), 86–103. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyac059]]

The sloth received Gray's old name, Bradypus crinitus.[3] The name crinitus means 'hairy', referring to its coconut-like head.[4]