Spirotaenia

Spirotaenia is a genus of basal unicellular green algae that may be sister to the Chlorokybophyceae.[1][2] It was previously considered to be part of the Zygnemataceae. It is sexually conjugating, a mode of reproduction that was previously only known in the Zygnemataceae/Mesotaeniaceae, the sister groups to the land plants. This is surprising, as Spirotaenia is much more basal. The conjugating process is substantially aberrant.[3][4] Spirotaenia may actually be more than one distinct lineage which may not be closely related.[5]

Spirotaenia
Spirotaenia condensata
Scientific classification
(unranked):
Kingdom:
Genus:
Spirotaenia

Brébisson 1848
Type species
Spirotaenia condensata
Brébisson 1848
Synonyms
  • Entospira Kuntze 1898
  • Endospira Brébisson 1850

Phylogeny

Archaeplastida

Rhodophyta (red algae)

Glaucophyta (opaque cyan algae)

Viridiplantae
Prasinodermophyta

Palmophyllophyceae (prasinophyte clade VI)

Prasinodermophyceae

Chlorophyta

Streptophytes

Mesostigmatophyta:
Mesostigmatophyceae

Chlorokybophyceae

Spirotaenia

Klebsormidiophyceae

Coleochaetophyceae

Zygnematophyceae

Charophyceae (stoneworts)

Embryophytes

Plantae
groups
traditionally
included in
the "algae"

References

  1. Gitzendanner, Matthew A.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Wong, Gane K.-S.; Ruhfel, Brad R.; Soltis, Douglas E. (2018). "Plastid phylogenomic analysis of green plants: A billion years of evolutionary history". American Journal of Botany. 105 (3): 291–301. doi:10.1002/ajb2.1048. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 29603143.
  2. Hidden genetic diversity in the green alga Spirogyra (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta)
  3. Brook, Alan J. (1981). The Biology of Desmids. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520042810.
  4. Gontcharov, Andrey A.; Melkonian, Michael (2004). "Unusual position of the genus Spirotaenia (Zygnematophyceae) among streptophytes revealed by SSU rDNA and rbcL sequence comparisons". Phycologia. 43 (1): 105–113. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.539.2139. doi:10.2216/i0031-8884-43-1-105.1. ISSN 0031-8884. S2CID 51945556.
  5. COESEL, PETER; VANHOOF, ANDRÉ; MEESTERS, KOOS (2017-12-01). "Zygospore morphology in the conjugating green alga Spirotaenia diplohelica (Streptophyta, Zygnematophyceae, Mesotaeniaceae)". Phytotaxa. 329 (3): 284. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.329.3.10. ISSN 1179-3163.


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