Sreemangal Upazila

Sreemangal (Bengali: শ্রীমঙ্গল, romanized: Srimongol) is an upazila of Moulvibazar District[1] in the Sylhet Division of Bangladesh. It is located at the southwest of the district, and borders the Habiganj District to the west and the Indian state of Tripura to the south. Sreemangal is often referred to as the 'tea capital' of Bangladesh, and is most famous for its tea fields. Other than tea, the rubber, pineapple, wood, betel, and lemon industries also exist in the upazila.[2]

Sreemangal
শ্রীমঙ্গল
Tea gardens of Sreemangal
Tea gardens of Sreemangal
Nickname: 
Tea capital
Location of Sreemangal
DivisionSylhet Division
DistrictMoulvibazar District
Government
  MP (Moulvibazar-4)Md. Abdus Shahid (Awami League)
  Upazila ChairmanVanu Lal Roy (Awami League)
Area
  Total450.74 km2 (174.03 sq mi)
Population
  Total230,889
  Density512/km2 (1,330/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Sreemangali, Srimangali, Srimongoli
Time zoneUTC+6 (BST)
Postal code
3210-14
Area code3210
Websitesreemangal.moulvibazar.gov.bd

History

It is said the name Sreemangal (or Srimangal) is named after Sri Das and Mangal Das; two brothers who settled on the banks of the Hail Haor.[3] A copper plate of Raja Marundanath from the 11th century was found in Kalapur. During an excavation at Lamua, an ancient statue of Ananta Narayan was dug out. In 1454, the Nirmai Shiva Bari was built and still stands today. Sreemangal thana was established in 1912. The central town later became a pourashava in 1935. In 1963, two peasants were killed by police officers which kicked off the Balishira peasant riots. During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, the Pakistani army reached Sreemangal on 30 April setting houses on fire and committing atrocities against women. The East Pakistan Rifles camp and Wapda office premises were among the two mass killing sites. Two mass graves remain in Bharaura with a memorial in North Bharaura.[1]

Geography

Sreemangal is located at 24.3083°N 91.7333°E / 24.3083; 91.7333. It has 43,952 households and total area 450.74 km2. It is bordered by Moulvibazar Sadar to the north, Tripura to the south, Kamalganj to the east and Chunarughat, Nabiganj and Bahubal to the west.[3]

Climate

Climate data for Sreemangal
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 25.9
(78.6)
27.9
(82.2)
32.0
(89.6)
33.3
(91.9)
32.6
(90.7)
31.9
(89.4)
31.8
(89.2)
31.8
(89.2)
32.0
(89.6)
30.9
(87.6)
29.1
(84.4)
26.6
(79.9)
30.5
(86.9)
Average low °C (°F) 8.9
(48.0)
11.4
(52.5)
16.9
(62.4)
21.1
(70.0)
23.2
(73.8)
24.5
(76.1)
24.9
(76.8)
24.8
(76.6)
24.5
(76.1)
21.8
(71.2)
15.8
(60.4)
10.7
(51.3)
19.0
(66.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 12
(0.5)
28
(1.1)
93
(3.7)
219
(8.6)
366
(14.4)
498
(19.6)
380
(15.0)
331
(13.0)
260
(10.2)
192
(7.6)
35
(1.4)
6
(0.2)
2,420
(95.3)
Source: Climate-data.org

Demographics

As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Sreemangal has a population of 230,889. Males constitute 51.76% of the total population, and females 48.24%. This Upazila's 18+ population is 124,778. Sreemangal has an average literacy rate of 29.8% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. About 57% of this sub district's people are Muslims while 40% are Hindus and others are Christians and Buddhist.

Economy and tourism

Madhobpur Lake is one of the main tourist attractions in the area,[4][5][6] and is home to the Great White-Bellied Heron, the only confirmed site in Bangladesh.[7] The Baikka beel is also a nearby body of water and home to the Large-billed reed warbler.[8] Sreemangal has been nicknamed the tea capital of Bangladesh, due to the number of tea gardens in the area, and is the place of origin of the Seven Color Tea.[3] The Bangladesh Tea Research Institute in Sreemangal has made a number of contributions in evolving and standardising the quality of tea, and introducing its research findings to the tea industry of Bangladesh.[9] Pineapples from the Sreemangal area are known for their flavour and natural sweetness. In 2010, the Hum Hum waterfall was discovered and has attracted visitors from all over Bangladesh to Razkandi forest.

Administration

Sreemangal Upazila is divided into Sreemangal Municipality and nine union parishads: Ashidron, Bhunabir, Kalapur, Kalighat, Mirzapur, Rajghat, Satgaon, Sindurkhan, and Sreemangal. The union parishads are subdivided into 108 mauzas and 208 villages.[10]

Sreemangal Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 20 mahallas.[10]

Education

According to Banglapedia, Victoria High School, founded in 1924, Bhunabir Dashrath High School & College Founded in 1896, is a notable secondary school.[1] The Jamia Luthfia Anwarul Uloom Hamidnagar is a notable madrasa and Islamic centre in the Sylhet region.

Notable people

  • Om family
    শ্রী শ্রী শ্রীমঙ্গল কালি মন্দির, শ্রীমঙ্গল মৌলভীবাজার।

See also

References

  1. Chowdhury, Gopal Dev (2012). "Sreemangal Upazila". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  2. উপজেলার ঐতিহ্য. Srimangal Upazila (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 2018-09-19. Retrieved 2021-11-13.
  3. "Upazilar Potbhumi". Srimangal Upazila. Retrieved 12 Oct 2019.
  4. "Five Places to Go this Summer". The Daily Star. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  5. Haider, M H. "DANGEROUSLY beautiful". The Daily Star. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  6. Nakshi, Paromita. "Tourism Sector of Bangladesh: Potentials to Bring in Tk. 819 Billion by 2023". Bangladesh News Online. Dhaka Insider. Archived from the original on 21 December 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  7. Choudhury, Anwaruddin (2000). The birds of Assam. Guwahati: Gibbon Books & World Wide Fund for Nature-India, North-East Regional Office. p. 48. ISBN 9788190086615.
  8. "Rare Bird in Baikka Wetland", Daily Prothom Alo Archived 2012-01-07 at the Wayback Machine
  9. Minuddin Ahmed; AFM Badrul Alam (January 2003). "Bangladesh Tea Research Institute". In Sirajul Islam (ed.). Banglapedia. Dhaka: Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. Retrieved May 12, 2016.
  10. "District Statistics 2011: Moulvibazar" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
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