Stauridium

Stauridium is a genus of green algae in the family Hydrodictyaceae.[2] It is very common in freshwater regions throughout the world.[3]

Stauridium
Stauridium tetras
Scientific classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Viridiplantae
Division: Chlorophyta
Class: Chlorophyceae
Order: Sphaeropleales
Family: Hydrodictyaceae
Genus: Stauridium
Corda, 1839
Species[1]
  • Stauridium tetras
  • Stauridium privum

Description

Stauridium forms flat colonies, termed coenobia, of cells in powers of two, usually four, eight, or 16. Coenobia are disc-shaped in outline, composed of cells laid contiguously next to each other with no spaces in between cells. The marginal cells are trapezoidal, with (in S. tetras) or without (in S. privum) a V-shaped incision in the middle.[3] The cell wall is smooth or covered in granules, warts, or ridges. Cells have one chloroplast filling the cell, each with a single pyrenoid.[4]

Species of Stauridium have thin cell walls, so they tend not to preserve well in sediments.[5]

Taxonomy

Although Stauridium was first described by August Carl Joseph Corda in 1839, for most of its history it was considered to be a synonym of Pediastrum. In 2005, molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that Pediastrum sensu lato was paraphyletic with respect to Hydrodictyon. Therefore, Pediastrum was split up into several genera, including Stauridium.[6]

References
  1. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Stauridium". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  2. See the NCBI webpage on Stauridium. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  3. McManus, Hilary A.; Lewis, Louise A. (2011). "Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships in the Freshwater Family Hydrodictyaceae (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae), with an Emphasis on Pediastrum duplex". Journal of Phycology. 47 (1): 152–163. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00940.x. PMID 27021721. S2CID 20549311.
  4. Bicudo, Carlos E. M.; Menezes, Mariângela (2006). Gêneros de Algas de Águas Continentais do Brasil: chave para identificação e descrições (2 ed.). RiMa Editora. p. 508. ISBN 857656064X.
  5. Komárek, Jirí; Jankovská, Vlasta (2001). Review of the Green Algal Genus Pediastrum; Implication for Pollen-analytical Research. Bibliotheca Phycologica. Schweizerbart Science Publishers. p. 127. ISBN 978-3-443-60035-8.
  6. Buchheim, Mark; Buchheim, Julie; Carlson, Tracy; Braband, Anke; Hepperle, Dominik; Krienitz, Lothar; Wolf, Matthias; Hegewald, Eberhard (2005). "Phylogeny of the Hydrodictyaceae (Chlorophyceae): Inferences from rDNA Data". Journal of Phycology. 41 (5): 1039–1054. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2005.00129.x. S2CID 83698514.
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