Stromatopelminae

The Stromatopelminae are a subfamily of tarantulas native to West Africa and part of Central Africa. The subfamily was first proposed by Günter Schmidt in 1993.[1]

Stromatopelminae
Heteroscodra maculata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Mygalomorphae
Family: Theraphosidae
Subfamily: Stromatopelminae
Schmidt, 1993
Genera

See text.

Taxonomy

The subfamily Stromatopelminae was first proposed by Günter Schmidt in 1993.[1] The genera he included had been placed in the subfamily Eumenophorinae by Raven in 1985.[2] Schmidt excluded them as they did not have the typical stridulating organ on the coxa and trochanter of the palps and legs which are present in Eumenophorinae.[1] The subfamily was recovered as monophyletic in both a 2018 and a 2019 study, sister to the subfamily Harpactirinae.[3][4]

Genera

Schmidt included two genera,[1] both found in tropical West and Central Africa.[5][6] Both genera were included in the 2019 study that found the subfamily to be monophyletic.[4]

Gallon in 2005 also placed the monotypic genus Encyocratella in the subfamily.[7] The genus was not found to be part of the subfamily in a 2018 Master's dissertation, which treated it as incertae sedis as regards subfamily.[8] It was not included in the 2018 and 2019 studies which found the subfamily to be monophyletic.[3][4]

Distribution and habitat

These arboreal tarantulas are often found dwelling in palm trees native to the West African region.

References
  1. Schmidt, G. (1993), "New results in the systematics of Theraphosidae (Araneida, Mygalomorphae)" (PDF), Bolletino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, Catania, 26 (345): 311–321, retrieved 2021-01-15
  2. Raven, Robert J. (1985), "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae) : cladistics and systematics", Bulletin of the AMNH, 182, hdl:2246/955, retrieved 2016-01-18
  3. Lüddecke, Tim; Krehenwinkel, Henrik; Canning, Gregory; Glaw, Frank; Longhorn, Stuart J.; Tänzler, René; Wendt, Ingo & Vences, Miguel (2018), "Discovering the silk road: Nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data resolve the phylogenetic relationships among theraphosid spider subfamilies", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 119: 63–70, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.10.015, PMID 29104141
  4. Foley, Saoirse; Lüddecke, Tim; Cheng, Dong-Qiang; Krehenwinkel, Henrik; Künzel, Sven; Longhorn, Stuart J.; Wendt, Ingo; von Wirth, Volker; Tänzler, Rene; Vences, Miguel & Piel, William H. (2019), "Tarantula phylogenomics: A robust phylogeny of deep theraphosid clades inferred from transcriptome data sheds light on the prickly issue of urticating setae evolution", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 140 (106573): 106573, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106573, PMID 31374259
  5. "Gen. Heteroscodra Pocock, 1900", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2021-01-15
  6. "Gen. Stromatopelma Karsch, 1881", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2021-01-15
  7. Gallon, Richard C. (2005), "Encyocratella olivacea Strand, 1907, a senior synonym of Xenodendrophila gabrieli Gallon, 2003 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Stromatopelminae) with a description of the male", Zootaxa, 1003 (1): 45–56, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1003.1.3
  8. Gil, Yeimy Lizeth Cifuentes (2018), Revisão taxonômica e análise cladística dos gêneros de tarântulas arborícolas Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1985 e Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Aviculariinae) (PDF) (Master's thesis), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", retrieved 2021-01-15


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