Sulfinoalanine decarboxylase

The enzyme sulfinoalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29) catalyzes the chemical reaction

3-sulfino-L-alanine hypotaurine + CO2
Sulfinoalanine decarboxylase
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase homodimer, Human
Identifiers
EC no.4.1.1.29
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO
Search
PMCarticles
PubMedarticles
NCBIproteins

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 3-sulfino-L-alanine (also known as Cysteine sulfinic acid), and two products, hypotaurine and CO2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase (hypotaurine-forming). Other names in common use include cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase, L-cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase, cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase, CADCase/CSADCase, CSAD, cysteic decarboxylase, cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase, cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase, sulfoalanine decarboxylase, and 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in taurine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 2JIS.

References

    • Guion-Rain MC, Portemer C, Chatagner F (1975). "Rat liver cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase: purification, new appraisal of the molecular weight and determination of catalytic properties". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 384 (1): 265–76. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(75)90115-1. PMID 236774.
    • JACOBSEN JG, THOMAS LL, SMITH LH (1964). "Properties and Distribution of Mammalian L-Cysteine Sulfinate Carboxy-Lyases". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 85: 103–16. doi:10.1016/0926-6569(64)90171-3. PMID 14159288.


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