Hatice Halime Hatun

Born Tacünnisa Hatice Halime Sultan Hatun of the princely House of Candar, she was the daughter of Taceddin İbrahim II, the dynasty's eighth bey, and granddaughter of İsfendiyar.[1]

When Murad II, the Ottoman sultan, sided against Isfendiyar and alongside his rebellious son Kıvameddin Kazım Bey, to whom he betrothed one of his sisters, Fülane Sultan Hatun, Isfendiyar offered Murad peace and proposed to seal the deal with a double marriage. Murad accepted and in 1425, he married Isfendiyar's granddaughter, Halime Hatun, in Edirne, whileSelçuk Hatun, daughter of Mehmed I and Murad II's half-sister, married İsfendiyar's son and heir Taceddin İbrahim II Bey, which simultaneously made İbrahim II both the father-in-law and brother-in-law of Murad II. In the same year, Halime bore Murad a son, who died as a newborn.[4][5][6][7][8]

With this dynastic union between the two houses, Murad II established an alliance with a powerful principality against his most formidable enemy in Anatolia, the Beylik of Karaman, who had blocked his expansion towards the east. The good relations between the two houses was preserved during the reign of the next sultan, Mehmed II, who endowed members of the House of Candar with mülks (land grants) in the region of Plovdiv and Didymoteicho, which were later transformed into waqfs.[9]

Hatice Halime Hatun was known as Murad's favorite consort, until Murad married Mara Branković in 1435. The jealousy between the two consorts initially worked against Halime, who was expelled from the court and sent to Bursa, but something occurred between the autumn of 1435 and the spring of 1436 which prompted Murad to recall Halime and instead send Mara to Bursa.[10]

In 1450, Hatice bore Murad's last child, a son, Şehzade Küçük Ahmed.[6]

Murad died in 1451, and his son Mehmed II, born by of Hüma Hatun, assumed the throne. At the time, Murad's only other son alive was the newborn Ahmed of nine months. The succession, not regulated by a precise law, had always been a source of dispute within the Ottoman dynasty which had previously been the cause of much strife causing several civil wars and as such, Mehmed decided to eliminate every risk by executing his newborn half-brother. Following his accession, he summoned Hatice to the throne room and while she and his late father's ex-consorts and concubines congratulated him on his accession and offered their condolences on his recent death, Mehmed sent Ali Bey, son of Gazi Evrenos, to Hatice's chambers with orders to either strangle or drown the child. Subsequently, Mehmed legitimized the act by issuing the Law of Fraticide, which until the end of the 17th century granted the sultan the power to execute, at his discretion, any male relative in the line of succession to the throne.[11][12][13][14]

Later, Mehmed forced Hatice to marry Ishak Pasha, one of his father's officials and the new Beylerbey of Anatolia, with whom she had eight children, five sons named Halil Bey, Şadi Bey, Mustafa Çelebi, Piri Çelebi, and Ibrahim Bey, and three daughters named Hafsa Hatun, Fahrünnisa Hatun, and Şahzade Hatun.[4][5]

Hatice Halime died in Bursa in 1501.[6]

By Murad II, she had two sons:

• Şehzade Hasan
• Şehzade Ahmed

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