Sviatoslav Knushevitsky

Sviatoslav Nikolayevich Knushevitsky (also seen as Knushevitzky; 6 January 1908 [O.S. 24 December 1907]  19 February 1963) was a Soviet-Russian classical cellist. He was particularly noted for his partnership with the violinist David Oistrakh and the pianist Lev Oborin in a renowned piano trio from 1940 until his death. After Mstislav Rostropovich and Daniil Shafran, he is spoken of as one of the pre-eminent Russian cellists of the 20th century.

Biography

Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was born at Petrovsk, Saratov Oblast, on 6 January 1908 [O.S. 24 December 1907].[1] He studied at the Moscow Conservatory with Semyon Kozolupov,[2][3][4] graduating with a gold medal. He joined the Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra in 1929, remaining their principal cellist until 1943.[5]

In 1933 Knushevitsky won First Prize at the All-Union Music Competition.[6] In 1940 he joined in partnership with the violinist David Oistrakh and the pianist Lev Oborin in a renowned piano trio, often referred to as the Oistrakh Trio, which concertised and recorded a great deal in many countries. He also joined a string quartet with Oistrakh, Pyotr Bondarenko and Mikhail Terian,[3][7] known as the Beethoven Quartet.[1] His sonata performances with Oistrakh were considered the equal in their day of the later duo of Sviatoslav Richter and Mstislav Rostropovich.[6]

In 1941 Knushevitsky joined the staff of the Moscow Conservatory, becoming a professor in 1950. From 1954 to 1959 he was chair of cello and double bass studies.[1] His pupils there included the cellists Stefan Popov, Mikhail Khomitser and Yevgeny Altman,[6] and the double bassist Rodion Azarkhin.[8]

Cello concertos were written for him by:

Other composers who wrote for him were Sergei Vasilenko and Alexander Goedicke.[1] His repertoire included mainstream works from concertos and chamber works through to smaller pieces and arrangements, along with contemporary and rarer works such as the Richard Strauss Cello Sonata and the Solo Cello Suites of Max Reger.

Sviatoslav Knushevitsky was an alcoholic,[5] which, along with his frenetic lifestyle, contributed to his early death at the age of 55 in 1963, in Moscow.

Family

Sviatoslav Knushevitsky's brother Victor (1906–1974) was a violinist and from 1936 the conductor of a renowned Russian jazz ensemble, the State Jazz Orchestra of the USSR.[1][3]

His wife Natalia Shpiller (1909–1995) was a soprano soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre for over 30 years. She was a favourite of Joseph Stalin and often sang at the Kremlin.[11] She taught at the Gnessin Institute 1950–1995.[12]

Awards and honors

Recordings

Sviatoslav Knushevitsky's many recordings include:

References

  1. "Knushevitsky Svetoslav, photo, biography". persona.rin.ru.
  2. Semyon Kozolupov 1884–1961; uncle and teacher of Mstislav Rostropovich; pupil of Aleksandr Verzhbilovich, a friend and contemporary of Tchaikovsky
  3. "Melodiya". Archived from the original on 10 January 2011.
  4. Elizabeth Wilson (1999). Jacqueline Du Pré: Her Life, Her Music, Her Legend. Arcade Publishing. p. 178. ISBN 978-1-55970-490-8.
  5. "Presto Classical". Archived from the original on 10 October 2015.
  6. "Главная". www.mosconsv.ru.
  7. "Oistrakh, David- Bio, Albums, Pictures – Naxos Classical Music". www.naxos.com.
  8. Art of Rodion Azarkhin
  9. "Classical Music Reviews – November 2013 MusicWeb-International". www.musicweb-international.com.
  10. Soviet Composers Archived 18 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  11. McMillan, Arnold (21 October 1995). "Natalia Shpiller: Songs for Stalin". The Guardian. p. 32.
  12. ШПИ́ЛЛЕР (en: Natalia Shpiller). Retrieved 10 July 2021. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  13. "BEETHOVEN: ARCHDUKE TRIO; SCH". ArkivMusic.
  14. "ArkivMusik".
  15. "Chopin / Knushevitzky / D Oistrakh / Schubert – Famous Oistrakh Trio CD Album". www.cduniverse.com.
  16. "HB Direct".
  17. "Dvorak Trios PREISER 90593 [JW]: Classical CD Reviews- September 2004 MusicWeb(UK)". www.musicweb-international.com.
  18. "Alexander Gauk Archives Brilliant 8866 [RB]: Classical CD Reviews – June 2008 MusicWeb-International". www.musicweb-international.com.
  19. "RIMSKY-KORSAKOV, SMETANA Trios PREISER 90595 [JW]: Classical CD Reviews- September 2004 MusicWeb(UK)". www.musicweb-international.com.
  20. "ArkivMusik".
  21. "HB Direct".
  22. "Tchaikovsky Research : BBC Tchaikovsky Experience". tchaikovsky-research.net.

Sources

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