Symphony No. 5 (Davies)

The Symphony No. 5 was composed by Peter Maxwell Davies in 1994 on commission from the Philharmonia Orchestra, who gave the world premiere under the composer's direction at a BBC Promenade concert on 9 August 1994 at the Royal Albert Hall in London.

Symphony No. 5
by Peter Maxwell Davies
The composer in 2012
Based onDavies' Chat Moss (1993)
Recorded1995 (1995) (issued)
Premiere
Date9 August 1994 (1994-08-09)
LocationRoyal Albert Hall, London
ConductorPeter Maxwell Davies
PerformersPhilharmonia Orchestra

Character and materials

The form of the symphony (along with those of its predecessors) owes a great debt to the symphonies of Sibelius, in this case particularly the Seventh.[1][2] However, its sense of space, "less architectural than that of the previous symphonies, is a significant new departure, allowing a more relaxed attitude toward musical objects: closer to the Mahlerian aesthetic than at any time since the 1960s".[3] Davies has also cited the often canonic modal counterpoint of Sibelius's Sixth Symphony as an influence, and Sibelius's tone poem En saga has also been mentioned as a possible source of inspiration.[4]

Instrumentation

The symphony is scored for 2 flutes (second doubling alto flute), piccolo, 2 oboes, cor anglais, 2 clarinets, bass clarinet, 2 bassoons, double bassoon, 4 horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, percussion (marimba, glockenspiel, crotales, flexatone, 2 bass drums [small and large], cymbals, suspended cymbal, tambourine), celesta, harp, and strings.[5]

Analysis

On the model of Sibelius's Seventh, the symphony suggests the traditional four-movement form, but is cast in a single movement. It nevertheless forms an "archipelago of 34 sections of various length".[1] The Symphony is based on material from Davies's 1993 youth-orchestra composition Chat Moss, which in turn is derived from two plainchants, the Easter gradual "Haec dies" and the Good Friday tract "Domine audivi" from Habakkuk 3:3.[6] It begins with an expansive adagio introduction, followed by music of great energy, characterised by an alternation of stable and unstable episodes.[7] The overall tonality of D♭/C♯ with a G secondary pole is established at the outset in a woodwind trio, followed by undisguised modal melodies in the violins and flute. The succeeding faster music reaches a first climax in a Davies hallmark of ascending brass figures with powerful, sustained tritones in the horns that forecast a bigger climax to come, an affirmational brass theme at rehearsal Q2 which "seems to rise as if from the sea, magnifying the fragile flute melody heard at N2 into sudden immensity".[8]

Discography
  • Peter Maxwell Davies: Symphony no. 5; Chat moss; Cross Lane fair; Five Klee Pictures. Philharmonia Orchestra; BBC Philharmonic; Sir Peter Maxwell Davies, conductor. CD recording. Collins Classics 14602. [UK]: Lambourne Productions, 1995.

References
  1. Beecroft 1994, 2.
  2. Pruslin 1996.
  3. Beecroft 1994, 5.
  4. Warnaby 1995, 34.
  5. Anon. n.d.
  6. Davies 1995.
  7. Warnaby 1995, 33.
  8. Beecroft 1994, 3.

Sources

  • Anon. (n.d.). "Maxwell Davies, Peter: Symphony No. 5 (1994)". Boosey & Hawkes.
  • Beecroft, Julian. 1994. "Maxwell Davies's Fifth Symphony". Tempo, new series, no. 191 (December): 2–5.
  • Davies, Peter Maxwell. 1995. Composer's note". In the score of Symphony No. 5. Hawkes Pocket Scores 1288. London: Boosey & Hawkes. Note reproduced on Boosey & Hawkes website (Accessed 27 December 2011).
  • Pruslin, Stephen. 1996. "Symphony No. 5 (1994)". http://www.maxopus.com/work_detail.aspx?key=262 MaxOpus Website (Accessed 27 December 2011).
  • Warnaby, John. 1995. "Maxwell Davies's 'The Beltane Fire' and Fifth Symphony". Tempo, new series, no. 194 (Italian Issue, October): 33–35.

Further reading
  • Adlington, Robert. 1996. "Grammar-School Boys". The Musical Times 137, no. 1835 (January): 35–37.
  • Jones, Nicholas. 2002. "Peter Maxwell Davies's Basic Unifying Hypothesis: Dominant Logic". The Musical Times 143, no. 1878 (Spring): 37–45.
  • McGregor, Richard, ed. (2000). Perspectives on Peter Maxwell Davies. Aldershot Hants., Burlington Vermont, Singapore, Sydney: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 1-84014-298-7.
    • McGregor, Richard. "Max the Symphonist". In McGregor (2000), pp. 115–137.
    • Warnaby, John. "Peter Maxwell Davies's Recent Music, and Its Debt to His Earlier Scores". In McGregor (2000), pp. 75–92.
    • Whittall, Arnold. "'A Dance of the Deadly Sins': The Beltane Fire and the Rites of Modernism". In McGregor (2000), pp. 138–158.
  • Sutcliffe, Tom. 1994. "Prom Premiere; Majestic Max". The Guardian (10 August): T4.
  • Warnaby, John. 2001. "Davies, Peter Maxwell". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan.
  • Whittall, Arnold. 1994a. "The Bottom Line. Arnold Whittall Goes in Search of the 'Great Mystery' of Maxwell Davies, Who Celebrates His 60th Birthday This Month". The Musical Times 135, no. 1819 (September): 544–550.
  • Whittall, Arnold. 1994b. "Comparatively Complex: Birtwistle, Maxwell Davies and Modernist Analysis". Music Analysis 13:139–159.
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