Syntrichopappus

Syntrichopappus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, found in the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico, including Baja California. It is a member of the Heliantheae alliance of the Asteraceae.[1] There are two species.[2] Common names include xerasid[2] and Frémont's-gold.[3]

Syntrichopappus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Madieae
Subtribe: Baeriinae
Genus: Syntrichopappus
A.Gray
Type species
Syntrichopappus fremontii
A.Gray
Species

2, see text

The name "Syntrichopappus" derives from a Greek name: "syn" = "joined together", "tricho" = "hair", of the "pappus", which means many bristles fused at the base (however some species have no pappus).[2][4] The common name "xerasid" derives from Greek, meaning "son of dryness".[2]

Description

Leaves

Leaves are simple, alternate, sometimes with the lowest ones opposite.[4]

Inflorescence

Flower heads are solitary.[4] There is one yellow (or white with red veins) ray flower per phyllary, with 3-lobed ligules.[4] The yellow disk flowers are narrowly funnel shaped.[4]

Fruits

The fruits have 0 to many pappus bristles, fused at the base.[4]

Species
  • Syntrichopappus fremontii (yellowray Frémont's gold) is native to desert regions of the American southwest and adjacent Baja California. It is a small woolly herb just a few centimeters tall bearing flower heads with usually five toothed yellow ray florets.[5][6]
  • Syntrichopappus lemmonii (pinkray Frémont's gold) is endemic to California, where it can be found in the southern coastal mountain ranges, including the Transverse Ranges. Its flower heads contain white, red-veined ray florets with pink undersides.[7][8]

References
  1. "Genus Syntrichopappus". Universal Protein Resource (UniProt).
  2. California Desert Wildflowers, An Introduction to Families, Genera, and Species; Sia Morhardt, Emil Morhardt; p 74-5
  3. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Syntrichopappus". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  4. Jepson Desert Manual: Syntrichopappus, Dale E. Johnson, 2002 Ed., p 184
  5. Jepson Manual Treatment: S. fremontii
  6. Flora of North America: S. fremontii
  7. Jepson Manual Treatment: S. lemmonii
  8. Flora of North America: S. lemmonii


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