Tlumach

Tlumach (Ukrainian: Тлумач; Polish: Tłumacz; Yiddish: טאַלמיטש, romanized: Talmitsh), also referred to as Tovmach (Ukrainian: Товмач), is a small city in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Tlumach urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Population: 8,689 (2022 estimate).[2] In 2001, its population was around 8,800.

Tlumach
Тлумач
Flag of Tlumach
Flag
Coat of arms of Tlumach
Coat of arms
Tlumach is located in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Tlumach
Tlumach
Location of Tlumach within Ukraine
Tlumach is located in Ukraine
Tlumach
Tlumach
Tlumach (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 48°52′0″N 25°0′0″E
Country Ukraine
Oblast Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
RaionIvano-Frankivsk Raion
Population
 (2022)
 • Total8,689
The map of Beuaplan with Tlumach shown as Plomacze

Name

In Polish and Ukrainian the word means interpreter of the one who explains the meaning of words. Possibly it was named by the White Croats that once inhibited the area.

History

From the first partition of Poland in 1772 until 1918, the town (named Tłumacz) was part of the Austrian monarchy (Austria side after the compromise of 1867), head of the district with the same name, one of the 78 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Austrian Galicia province (Crown land) in 1900.[3] After the collapse of Austria-Hungary the town briefly became part of the Western Ukrainian Republic before returning to Poland when Poland repulsed the invading Red Army. The Peace of Riga in 1921, confirmed the Polish possession of Galicia.

A post-office was opened in 1858.[4]

Tłumacz was the seat of a Powiat (district) in the Second Polish Republic. In 1921, its population was around 5,000, consisting 3319 Poles and 1395 Jews, 999 Ukrauinians.[5] The Ukrainians dominated in the villages around the town.

During World War II, the Germans, with the assistance of local Ukrainians, murdered the Jews.[5][6] Only about 30 Jews survived.[7] Poles who survived the war were forced by the Soviets to leave Tlumacz after 1945. Most of them settled in Lower Silesia; they organized themselves into the Association of Inhabitants of Tlumacz, which is located in Wrocław.

Until 18 July 2020, Tlumach was the administrative center of Tlumach Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Tlumach Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion.[8][9]

Local orientation
Regional orientation

Notable people
  • Stanislaw Bober – Polish photographer and painter
  • Maria Dawska – Polish painter
  • Ostap Ortwin – Polish journalist and literary critic
  • Shalom Streit – Hebrew-language writer and literary critic
  • Jozef Woroszczak – Polish politician

References
  1. "Тлумацкая громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
  2. Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  3. Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm KLEIN, 1967
  4. Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850–1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.
  5. "ShtetLinks Page – Tlumach". shtetlinks.jewishgen.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  6. "Ukraine trip 34: October 25 to November 10, 2012". yahadmap.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  7. Megargee, Geoffrey (2012). Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos. Bloomington, Indiana: University of Indiana Press. pp. 839–841. ISBN 978-0-253-35599-7.
  8. "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
  9. "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.