Taeniolabis
Taeniolabis ("banded incisor")[1] is a genus of extinct multituberculate mammal from the Paleocene of North America.
| Taeniolabis Temporal range: Puercan, | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Taeniolabis taoensis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | †Multituberculata |
| Family: | †Taeniolabididae |
| Genus: | †Taeniolabis Cope, 1882 |
| Type species | |
| Taeniolabis taoensis Cope, 1882 | |
| Other species | |
| |
Description
It is the largest known member of the extinct order Multituberculata,[2] as well as the largest non-therian mammal: T. taoensis, a species known from Danian deposits in the Denver Formation of Colorado,[3] possibly exceeds 100 kg.[4]
Taxonomy
It is within the suborder of Cimolodonta and is a member of the superfamily Taeniolabidoidea. The genus was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1882. Species have also been placed with the genera Catopsalis and Polymastodon.
The species Taeniolabis lamberti was named by N.B. Simmons in 1987. It has been found in the Puercan (Paleocene)-age Tullock Formation of Montana. It is not quite as large as T. taoensis, but still a hefty size for a multituberculate.
The species Taeniolabis taoensis was named by Cope E.D. in 1882. It is also known as Catopsalis pollux (Cope, 1882); Polymastodon attenuatus (Cope, 1885); P. latimolis Cope, 1885; P. selenodus Osborn H.F. and Earle C., 1895; P. taoensis (Cope, 1882); T. attetuatus; T. scalper (Cope 1884); T. sulcatus (Cope 1882a); T. triserialis (Granger & Simpson, 1929). They are found in the Puercan-age Nacimiento Formation of New Mexico and in the Ravenscrag Formation of Saskatchewan. This species had a 6 inches (15 cm) long skull. It is the largest known multituberculate, as big as the giant beaver.
References
- Palmer, T.S. (1904). "Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals". North American Fauna. 23: 659. doi:10.3996/nafa.23.0001. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
- Rose 2006, p. 60
- Krause, David W.; Hoffmann, Simone; Lyson, Tyler R.; Dougan, Lindsay G.; Petermann, Holger; Tecza, Adrienne; Chester, Stephen G. B.; Miller, Ian M. (13 December 2021). "New Skull Material of Taeniolabis taoensis (Multituberculata, Taeniolabididae) from the Early Paleocene (Danian) of the Denver Basin, Colorado". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 28 (4): 1083–1143. doi:10.1007/s10914-021-09584-3. PMC 8667543. PMID 34924738.
- Williamson, Thomas E.; Brusatte, Stephen L.; Secord, Ross; Shelley, Sarah (May 2016). "A new taeniolabidoid multituberculate (Mammalia) from the middle Puercan of the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico, and a revision of taeniolabidoid systematics and phylogeny: Revision of Taeniolabidoidea". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (1): 183–208. doi:10.1111/zoj.12336.
Taeniolabidoids underwent a modest taxonomic radiation during the early Palaeocene of North America and underwent a dramatic increase in body size, with Taeniolabis taoensis possibly exceeding 100 kg
Sources
- Cope (1882), "A new genus of Taeniodonta". American Naturalist XVI, p. 604-605.
- Osborn and Earle (1895), "Fossil mammals of the Puerco beds." Collection of 1892. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. VII, p. 1-70, with 21 figs.
- Granger and Simpson (1929), "A revision of the Tertiary Multituberculata." Bulletin Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 56, p. 601-676, 43 figs.
- Simons N.B. (1986), "Taeniolabis Cope, 1882 (Mammalia, Multituberculata): proposed designation of Polymastodon taoensis Cope, 1882 as type species." Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 43(3), p. 310-311.
- Kielan-Jaworowska Z. and Hurum J.H. (2001), "Phylogeny and Systematics of multituberculate mammals". Paleontology 44, p. 389-429.
- Cope (1882), "Mammalia in the Laramie Formation'." American Naturalist 16, p. 830-831.
- Much of this information is derived from MESOZOIC MAMMALS; Eucosmodontidae, Microcosmodontidae and Taeniolabidoidea, an Internet directory.
- Simmons (1987), "A revision of Taeniolabis(Mammalia: Multituberculata), with a new species from the Puercan of eastern Montana." J. Paleont. 61(4), p. 794-808.
- Rose, Kenneth David (2006). The beginning of the age of mammals. Baltimore: JHU Press. ISBN 978-0801884726.
