Tambopata River

Tambopata River
Tambopata River
	Tambopata River in the Amazon rainforest in Peru
	Madre de Dios watershed with the Tambopata River in the southeast (upper parts of the river not included on the map)
Location
Country	Bolivia, Peru
Physical characteristics
Source	Andes
• location	La Paz Department, Bolivia
Mouth	Madre de Dios River
• coordinates	12°35′48″S 69°10′10″W
Length	350 km (220 mi)[1]

The Tambopata River is a river in southeastern Peru and northwestern Bolivia. Most is in the Madre de Dios and Puno regions in Peru, but the upper parts of the river forms the border between Peru and Bolivia, and its origin is in La Paz department in Bolivia. The Tambopata River is a tributary of the Madre de Dios River and merges into this river at the city of Puerto Maldonado. The river flows through the Tambopata National Reserve.

Seven types of flooded forest are recognized for this Reserve:[2]

Permanently waterlogged swamp forests are former oxbow lakes still flooded but covered in forest.
Seasonally waterlogged swamp forests are oxbow lakes in the process of filling in.
Lower floodplain forest are the lowest floodplain locations with a recognizable forest.
Middle floodplain forests are tall occasionally flooded forests.
Upper floodplain forests are tall rarely flooded forests.
Old floodplain forests have been subjected to flooding within the last two hundred years.
Previous floodplain are now terra firme, but were historically ancient floodplains.

History

Between 1900-1912 during the Amazon rubber boom, companies like the Inca Mining Company, Tambopata Rubber Syndicate and the Inambari Para Rubber Estates Ltd operated on the Tambopata river.[3] These companies were granted concessions by the government of Peru to develop land routes through the isthmus of Fitzcarrald.[4] Like many other rubber extracting enterprises, these companies practiced 'hooking by debts.' Lucien J. Jerome, a British Consul in Callao at the time referred to the treatment of the indigenous in the Madre de Dios as “slavery pure and simple.”[3]

References

Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System". The Inland waters of Latin America. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-000780-9. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013.
Phillips, O.; Gentry, A.H.; Reynel, C.; Wilkin, P.; Galvez-Durand b, C. (1994). "Quantitative Ethnobotany and Amazonian Conservation". Conservation Biology. 8 (1): 225–48. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010225.x.
Madge, John N. (2022). "The Infernal Tambopata*1 British Involvement in Twentieth Century Slavery in Peru and Bolivia". Revista de Historia de América: 131. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
Luis Castillo Hurtado, Jorge; Perz, Stephen G. The Road to the Land of the Mother of God A History of the Interoceanic Highway in Peru. University of Nebraska. p. 82. Retrieved 23 August 2023.

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[fao-1] Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System". The Inland waters of Latin America. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-000780-9. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013.

[Phillips-2] Phillips, O.; Gentry, A.H.; Reynel, C.; Wilkin, P.; Galvez-Durand b, C. (1994). "Quantitative Ethnobotany and Amazonian Conservation". Conservation Biology. 8 (1): 225–48. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010225.x.

[jnm131-3] Madge, John N. (2022). "The Infernal Tambopata*1 British Involvement in Twentieth Century Slavery in Peru and Bolivia". Revista de Historia de América: 131. Retrieved 23 August 2023.

[4] Luis Castillo Hurtado, Jorge; Perz, Stephen G. The Road to the Land of the Mother of God A History of the Interoceanic Highway in Peru. University of Nebraska. p. 82. Retrieved 23 August 2023.