Offley

The village was by-passed by the A505 dual carriageway in the 1970s. Close to the centre of the village is a water tower, which is painted white in response to a campaign started by a Liberal Democrat councilor candidate. Another landmark, within several hundred feet of the water tower, is a radio mast. It is often mistakenly identified as being part of the BT chain that includes Zouches Farm on Blows Down near Luton, but it is in fact owned by Arqiva and used by utility companies, the next one west being located in Isle of Wight Lane, on Dunstable Downs. Its use seems to have decreased in recent years with the number of microwave radio drums (dishes) declining.

The village has its own telephone exchange which is located on Offley Hill. The Hitchin Yeshiva, a Jewish rabbinical school, is based here.

• 
  The village sign located in Pond Gardens
• 
  St Mary Magdalene, Great Offley
• 
  St Mary Magdalene, Great Offley, in the snow December 2009
• 
  Green Man Public house
• 
  The Green Man sign
• 
  Offley Place, now a private hotel/restaurant formerly owned by Hertfordshire County Council from the 1960s as a teacher training college
• 
  Offley place during the snow in December 2009
• 
  Offley place during the snow in December 2009
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  Offley's War Memorial
• 
  Red Lion Public house, Great Offley
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  Great Offley High Street, looking north, immediately on the right is the Old Post Office,
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  Chapel Cottges, Luton Road, Great Offley, (formerly the village Chapel)
• 
  View to the north from Luton Road, Great Offley
• 
  Looking north towards Offley Hill from Bakers Lane
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  Looking across the village pond toward the Pump and what is now the Green Man Public House (around 1900)

Housing development in recent years has been restricted to the following areas:

• Kings Walden Road (1980s)
• Meadow Way, terrace of two bedroom houses
• Oflley Chapel, Luton Road, converted into housing units (1990s)
• Westbury Farm, refurbishment of existing flats in Farm House, conversion of barns and sheds into housing, new houses also built.
• John Hall Court

Bloor Homes[4] who have been building on regeneration sites in Luton have submitted proposals for a large scale development on the Putteridgebury Estate. This is likely to be opposed by local residents and groups such as the Keep East of Luton Green[5] and Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE).

The village still has a Post Office/General stores, the butchers shop was closed in recent times to be replaced by an Ladies hairdressers, there had been one previously in the late 1970s located in a property adjoining the butchers shop. There is now a butchers shop at Offley hoo farm which has been there for a few years. The Village Petrol station closed in the late 1980s although a garage operated on the site until 2001 when the land was sold for development.

Offley Endowed JMI School is situated close to the village centre.

At one time Great Offley had six pubs in the village, these have now decreased to two with a third being converted into a Chinese Restaurant.

• Green Man[6] (Chef and Brewer)
• Red Lion[7]
• The Bull (now closed and converted into a private dwelling)
• The Cock became The Crusty Loaf and then the Lobster Tail restaurant which subsequently closed and has been turned into a private dwelling.
• The Gloucester Arms
  • refurbished and name changed to Prince Henry
  • further refurbishment and name changed to Shaker Browns
  • renamed as Astons (Restaurant and Bar)
  • Reverted to Gloucester Arms
  • Converted into Chinese Restaurant The Offley Oriental[8]

• Offley and Stopsley Cricket Club,[9] play at the Recreation Ground.[9]
• Offley and District Riding Club have at least four shows at the Old Football Field, Luton White Hill.
• Luton and District Aeronautical Society fly remote control model aircraft at a field at the top of Chalk Hill to the south east of the village.

There is also a fishing club which uses the Long Pond and the Pump Pond which are located along Salusbury Lane.

Many of the farms in the area are no longer used for agriculture and some have been sold off for housing development. The fields being taken over by farms at a greater distance, this has happened due to technological advances which make small farms un-economical to run. Several farms up until the 1970s had herds of dairy cattle but low milk prices forced many farms to turn to arable farming.

Main crops include:

• Barley
• Wheat
• Rapeseed

Much of the woodland is not used for timber and is made up of oak, beech and horse chestnut trees, with smaller plantations of pine and spruce. During the spring many of the woods are carpeted with bluebells.

The area is home to a sizeable herd of fallow deer and muntjac can also be seen.

The 152-mile Chiltern Way long-distance footpath passes through the parish,[12] as does the 170-mile Chilterns Cycleway.[13]

• 
  Chilterns Cycleway
• 
  Spaniel with pheasant
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  Common pheasant
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  Fallow deer
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  English bluebell
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  Red kite
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  A goat at one of Offley's farms
• 
  Birkitt Hill from Clouds Hill, Little Offley

At 7.15am on 18 July 1944 a Lancaster Mk.111 bomber belonging to 115 Squadron RAF[15][16] crashed into the farmhouse at West End Farm (51°56′03″N 0°20′35″W) killing the crew as well as the farmer's wife and two daughters (one of whom was home on leave from the Auxiliary Territorial Service).

The aircraft LM616 (KO J) had left its base at RAF Witchford near Ely several hours earlier to support Allied ground forces taking part in Operation Goodwood during the Normandy campaign. The Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Forces objective was to bomb units of the 16th Luftwaffe Field Division and the 21st Panzer Division which were located around the Manneville area in France.[17]

LM616 received severe damage during the raid, in which its controls and navigation aids were shot up. The aircraft had descended through low cloud only to see the high escarpment of the Chiltern Hills at Offley loom into view too late for the crew to take immediate action. The aircraft hit trees in a wood on top of Birkitt Hill before colliding with the farmhouse at West End Farm.[18][19][20]

• 
  Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) Search Light Unit
• 
  Avro Lancaster
• 
  Avro Lancaster in flight

At 3 pm on 8 January 1945, a US Army lorry carrying munitions was involved in a road accident with a petrol tanker as it was passing Glebe Farm at the Flints.

The drivers managed to evacuate nearby residents; however, a bus from Luton came round the corner just as an explosion occurred, killing three US servicemen on the bus and injuring 21 others. The explosion was so severe that it made a crater on the road 50 feet wide and 14 feet deep.

The Windmill and Farm were completely destroyed and Flint cottages were severely damaged, other houses in Offley suffered extensive blast damage.[20][21][22]