Thailand–Vietnam relations

Thailand and Vietnam were major historical rivals in Mainland Southeast Asia and still have an intense rivalry with each other. However, they have since maintained peaceful bilateral relations, especially as since Vietnam integrated with the international community beginning in 1986. Thailand has an embassy in Hanoi and Vietnam has an embassy in Bangkok.[3] Both countries are members of ASEAN.

Thai-Vietnamese relations
Map indicating locations of Thailand and Vietnam

Thailand
Vietnam
Diplomatic mission
Embassy of Thailand, HanoiEmbassy of Vietnam, Bangkok
Envoy
Ambassador Nikorndej Balankura[1]Ambassador Phan Chi Thanh[2]

History
A painting of Ong Chiang Su, an Annamese ruler, in audience with King Rama I in the Amarin Throne Hall in Bangkok 1782. Note by Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn.

The first real contact between Siam (today called Thailand) and Vietnam was recorded in the 16th century.

Siamese-Vietnamese wars
Further information: Siamese-Vietnamese wars

Per historical records , Thailand (as Siam) and the Vietnamese state fought together in a massive series of wars that began in the early 18th century. However, larger conflicts were recorded from the later 18th century.

Tây Sơn unrest
Main article: Battle of Rạch Gầm–Xoài Mút

After the overthrow of the Nguyễn Lord, Nguyễn Ánh, the last few survivors sought vengeance by requesting assistance from Siam, whose force conducted a massive invasion into the newly-annexed southern Vietnam and committed atrocities there. A massive blow later has Siam being beaten disastrously by the Tay Son force, led by Nguyễn Huệ.

19th century
Main articles: Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–34) and Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–45)

The Siamese and Vietnamese fought two massive wars in the region, resulting in heavy destruction of Cambodia. Vietnam defeated Siam in the first, while the second ended in a stalemate. The rivalry between the two countries remained until the French invasion of Cochinchina.

Vietnam War and Khmer Rouge
Main article: Vietnamese border raids in Thailand
South Vietnam–Thailand relations
Map indicating locations of South Vietnam and Thailand

South Vietnam
Thailand

Thailand participated in the Vietnam War[4] on the side of the United States over fears of the domino theory and the communist insurgency in Thailand. Of the 12,000–15,000 Thai troops to fight in the war, over 2,000 casualties were recorded. After 1975, Thai–Vietnamese relations remained sour and very tense.

After the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia resulted in the overthrow of the Khmer Rouge, Vietnam was in deep conflict with Thailand because of Thai opposition to Vietnam's occupation of Cambodia.. Border raids were launched between both nations, damaged much of Cambodia, and further soured relations.

Hostility between Thailand and Vietnam ended in 1989, when Vietnamese forces retreated from Cambodia.

Modern relations

After Nguyễn Văn Linh's 1986 Đổi mới reforms, Vietnam moved from socialism to more integration with the international community. As a result, Thai–Vietnamese relations have quickly improved. Thailand, a founding member of ASEAN, supported Vietnam in joining the ASEAN, which occurred in 1995. Thus, the once-poor relationship between Thailand and Vietnam has turned into one of strategic co-operation and alliance.[5]

Economic relations

In 2015, Thailand was the tenth-largest investor in Vietnam, worth nearly US$7 billion. Thailand was also Vietnam's fifth-largest trading partner.[6]

Football rivalry
Main article: Thailand–Vietnam football rivalry

The rise of Vietnam and subsequent rampant Vietnamese nationalism has led to the increase of rivalry between Vietnam and Thailand.[7]

References
  1. "ข้าราชการสถานเอกอัครราชทูตฯ และทีมประเทศไทย". สถานเอกอัครราชทูต ณ กรุงฮานอย (in Thai). Retrieved 2022-08-30.
  2. "AMBASSADOR PHAN CHI THANH Biography". vnembassy-bangkok.mofa.gov.vn. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
  3. Thai-Vietnamese relations. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/news/opinion/kavi/30264322
  4. Thai soldiers in Vietnam War. http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-9780824834890.aspx
  5. Vietnam, Thailand's relations thrives. http://vietnamnews.vn/politics-laws/273500/vn-thailands-relationship-thrives.html
  6. "VN, Thailand's relationship thrives".
  7. "World Cup qualifiers: Thailand under greater pressure, says Vietnam coach - VnExpress International".
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