Greens–European Free Alliance

The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green and regionalist political parties.[8][9][10]

The Greens/European
Free Alliance
European Parliament group
NameThe Greens/European Free Alliance
English abbr.Greens/EFA[1]
French abbr.Verts/ALE[2]
Formal nameParliamentary Group of The Greens/European Free Alliance in the European Parliament
IdeologyGreen politics[3]
Regionalism[3]
Minority politics[3]
Pro-Europeanism
Political positionCentre-left[4] to left-wing[5]
European partiesEGP
EFA
PIRATES
Volt[6][7]
From1999 (1999)
Preceded byThe Green Group
European Radical Alliance
Chaired byPhilippe Lamberts
Terry Reintke
MEP(s)
72 / 705
Websitegreens-efa.eu
Part of a series on
Green politics
Sunflower symbol
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Perspectives
Organizations
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Formed following the 1999 European elections for the 5th European Parliament, the Greens/EFA group now consists of five distinct European political parties, namely the larger European Green Party (EGP) and part of the European Free Alliance (EFA)[11] and the smaller European Pirate Party (PPEU), Volt Europa (Volt), and part of Animal Politics EU (APEU). The EFA consists of parties representing stateless nations, regionalist and minority political interests. The group has generally limited its membership to progressive parties.[12] These European parties are joined by MEPs from non-aligned national parties, which have included the Dutch Europe Transparent (2004–2009) and the Swedish (2009–2014), German (2014–) and Czech (2019–) Pirate Parties.[13]

Group members

9th European Parliament
Main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2019–2024)
Greens–European Free Alliance has MEPs in 15 member states. Dark green indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light green indicates member states sending a single MEP.
Virginijus Sinkevičius, European Commissioner from Lithuania.
Czech Pirate Party members of the Greens/EFA Markéta Gregorová and Marcel Kolaja
State National party European party MEPs[14]
Austria Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative
Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne)		 EGP               
3 / 19
Belgium Belgium Ecolo EGP
2 / 8
Green
Groen		 EGP
1 / 12
Czech Republic Czech Republic Czech Pirate Party
Česká pirátská strana (Piráti)		 PPEU
3 / 21
Denmark Denmark Green Left
Socialistisk Folkeparti (SF)		 EGP
2 / 14
Finland Finland Green League
Vihreä liitto (Vihr.)		 EGP
3 / 14
France France Europe Ecology – The Greens
Europe Écologie Les Verts (EELV)		 EGP
11 / 79
Let's Do Corsica
Femu a Corsica (FaC)		 EFA individual member
1 / 79
Germany Germany Alliance 90/The Greens
Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Grüne)		 EGP
21 / 96
Ecological Democratic Party
Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (ÖDP)		 EFA individual member
1 / 96
Pirate Party Germany
Piratenpartei Deutschland (Piraten)		 PPEU
1 / 96
Volt Germany
Volt Deutschland		 Volt
1 / 96
Independent
Nico Semsrott		 Independent
1 / 96
 Italy Independent
Piernicola Pedicini		 EFA individual member
1 / 76
Independents
Ignazio Corrao, Rosa D'Amato		 Independent
2 / 76
Republic of Ireland Ireland Green Party
Comhaontas Glas		 EGP
2 / 13
Lithuania Lithuania Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union
Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga (LVŽS)		 None
2 / 11
Luxembourg Luxembourg The Greens
Déi Gréng (DG)		 EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands Netherlands GreenLeft
GroenLinks (GL)		 EGP
3 / 29
Poland Poland Independent
Sylwia Spurek		 Independent
1 / 52
Portugal Portugal Independent
Francisco Guerreiro		 Independent
1 / 21
Romania Romania Green Party - The Greens
Partidul Verde - Verzii		 EGP
1 / 33
Spain Spain Republican Left of Catalonia
Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC)		 EFA
2 / 59
Catalonia in Common
Catalunya en Comú (CatComú)		 EGP
1 / 59
Galician Nationalist Bloc
Bloque Nacionalista Galego (BNG)		 EFA
1 / 59
Sweden Sweden Green Party
Miljöpartiet de gröna (MP)		 EGP
3 / 21
 European Union Total
72 / 705

8th European Parliament
State National party European party MEPs 2014[15]
Austria Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
3 / 18
Belgium Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 21
Green EGP
1 / 21
Croatia Croatia ORaH[B 1] EGP
1 / 11
Denmark Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 13
Estonia Estonia Indrek Tarand (independent) Independent[16]
1 / 6
Finland Finland Green League EGP
1 / 13
France France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 2] EGP
6 / 74
Germany Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
11 / 96
Pirate Party PPEU
1 / 96
Ecological Democratic Party None
1 / 96
Hungary Hungary Politics Can Be Different EGP
1 / 21
Dialogue for Hungary None
1 / 21
Italy Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
1 / 73
Latvia Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 8
Lithuania Lithuania Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union None
1 / 11
Luxembourg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 26
Spain Spain Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Coalició Compromís EFA
1 / 54
New Catalan Left EFA
1 / 54
Slovenia Slovenia Verjamem None
1 / 8
Sweden Sweden Green Party EGP
4 / 20
United Kingdom United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
3 / 73
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 73
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 73
 European Union
Total
52 / 751

7th European Parliament
State National party European party MEPs 2009[17]
Austria Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 19
Belgium Belgium Ecolo EGP
2 / 22
Green EGP
1 / 22
New Flemish Alliance[B 4] EFA
1 / 22
Denmark Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 13
Estonia Estonia Indrek Tarand (independent) Independent[16]
1 / 6
Finland Finland Green League EGP
2 / 13
France France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 2] EGP
15 / 74
Party of the Corsican Nation EFA
1 / 72
Germany Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
14 / 99
Greece Greece Ecologist Greens EGP
1 / 22
Latvia Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 9
Luxembourg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
3 / 26
Spain Spain Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Sweden Sweden Green Party EGP
2 / 20
Pirate Party PPEU
2 / 20
United Kingdom United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 73
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 73
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 73
 European Union
Total
55 / 751

6th European Parliament
State National party European party MEPs 2004
Austria Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 19
Belgium Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 24
Green EGP
1 / 24
Denmark Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 14
Finland Finland Green League EGP
1 / 14
France France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 2] EGP
6 / 78
Party of the Corsican Nation EFA
1 / 78
Germany Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
13 / 99
Italy Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
2 / 78
Latvia Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 9
Luxembourg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 23
Europe Transparent None
2 / 23
Romania Romania László Tőkés (independent)[B 5] Independent
1 / 35
Spain Spain Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Sweden Sweden Green Party EGP
1 / 19
United Kingdom United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 78
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 78
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 78
 European Union
Total
42 / 751
    1. From 20 April 2016 the MEP Davor Škrlec become independent
    2. For 2019 it include Benoît Biteau, an independent politician
    3. Until 31 December 2011.
    4. From 2004 to 2009 with EPP-ED and from 2014 with ECR
    5. Realigned with the EPP since 2009

    Group presidents

    The Greens/EFA group is usually co-chaired by 2 presidents, at least one of them must be a woman.

    Co-chairperson Took office Left office Country
    (Constituency)    		 Party Co-chairperson Took office Left office Country
    (Constituency)    		 Party
    Paul Lannoye 1999 2004  Belgium
    (French)
    Ecolo    		 Heidi Hautala 1999 2004  Finland
    Green League
    Daniel Cohn-Bendit 2004 2014  Germany
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens    		 Monica Frassoni 2004 2009  Italy
    (North-West)
    Federation of the Greens
    Rebecca Harms 2009 2016  Germany
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens
    Philippe Lamberts 2014 present  Belgium
    (French)
    Ecolo
    Ska Keller 2016 2022  Germany
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens
    Terry Reintke 2022 present  Germany
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens

    European Parliament results
    Election year No. of
    overall seats won    		 +/–
    1999
    48 / 626
    		 Increase 48
    2004
    42 / 732
    		 Decrease 6
    2009
    55 / 736
    		 Increase 13
    2014
    50 / 751
    		 Decrease 5
    2019 (pre-Brexit)
    74 / 751
    [18]    		 Increase 24
    2019 (post-Brexit)
    69 / 705
    		 Decrease 5

    References
    1. "Who we are". Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    2. "Qui sommes-nous ?" Archived 23 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    3. Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "European Union". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
    4. "The Greens – The Green Alternative". The Democratic Society. 3 February 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
    5. "Austrian government teeters as Greens seek options to oust PM Kurz". Reuters. 8 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
    6. @EuropeElects (9 June 2019). "EU28: Volt Europa membership vote on..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
    7. Petitjean, Euranet Plus News Agency | Sophie (12 June 2019). "Volt Europa : "We need European solutions to European problems"".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    8. Tapio Raunio (2012). "Political Interests: The European Parliament's Party Groups". In John Peterson; Michael Shackleton (eds.). The Institutions of the European Union. Oxford University Press. p. 341. ISBN 978-0-19-957498-8.
    9. Andreas Staab (2011). The European Union Explained, Second Edition: Institutions, Actors, Global Impact. Indiana University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-253-00164-1.
    10. Lori Thorlakson (2013). "Federalism and the European Party System". In Alexander H. Trechsel (ed.). Towards a Federal Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-317-99818-1.
    11. "Who we are". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
    12. Gupta, Devashree (April 2008). "Nationalism across borders: transnational nationalist advocacy in the European Union". Comparative European Politics. 6 (1): 61–80. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110127. S2CID 144152782.
    13. "VoteWatch Europe: European Parliament, Council of the EU" Archived 10 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Votewatch.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    14. "MEPs by Member State and political group". Retrieved 9 December 2022.
    15. See the 2014 European Parliament election results.
    16. "Indrek Tarand". European Parliament. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
    17. "List of elected MEPs". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 9 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
    18. "2019 Election Results". Election-Results.eu. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
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