The McLain Family Band

Dr. Raymond Francis McLain (1904 or 1905 – May 2, 1981) was president of Eureka College, Transylvania University, and The American University in Cairo during his career in academia,[1] while his wife Beatrice "Bicky" Kane McLain (1906–2004)[2] was the director of the Center for Southern Regional Folklife Studies at the University of Alabama (1966–1976).[3] Raymond Francis and Bicky had two children: daughter Rosemary (a "singer/songwriter and artistic pioneer in the rubber stamping industry"),[1][3] and son Raymond Kane McLain (1928–2003).[2]

Raymond Kane combined the passions of his parents; he majored in music theory at Denison University and did graduate work in folk music studies at Harvard University and the University of North Carolina before moving to Hindman, Kentucky in 1954 where he became the director of Hindman Settlement School. While at Hindman, Raymond Kane developed an interest in bluegrass music; he introduced his three eldest children—Raymond Winslow, Alice, and Ruth—to the genre, and the four of them began playing together.[4]

Raymond Kane married Betty Winslow in 1952,[5] and founded the band at her encouragement in 1968.[2][6] Initially performing under the name Bluegrass State,[7] the quartet performed on a weekly WKYH-TV television show for two years.[5] On December 31, 1968, the family's Hindman home burned to the ground; all seven family members and their instruments survived,[8] and in 1970, the family moved to Berea, Kentucky.[4]

The band performed in all 50 U.S. states, and particularly in Alaska during the winters where "people really needed music."[8] In 1980, Alaska Airlines sponsored the McLain Family Festival (January 11–12); inside West Anchorage High School, away from the −40 °F (−40 °C) weather, the family was joined on stage by the Anchorage Symphony Orchestra and future McLain band member Michael Riopel.[9] On the mainland, the band also stood before audiences at the Speed Art Museum, Carnegie Hall, the 1982 World's Fair,[4] the Lincoln Center,[6] the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (at least six times),[10] and the Carter Family Fold (since 1974).[11] They also appeared on the CBS Morning News, the Grand Ole Opry, Hee Haw, The Johnny Cash Show, Music City Tonight, Nashville Now, Today,[12] and their own weekly program on WKYT-TV.[4]

After the McLain Family Band played for the National Endowment for the Arts' music committee in 1972,[13] Gian Carlo Menotti was so "charmed by the band" that he invited them to that year's Festival dei Due Mondi in Spoleto, Italy.[6] That July, the band undertook their first international concert tour sponsored by the United States Department of State, traveling to Italy, West Germany, and Belgium.[4] The band made 14 overseas tours—including an "around-the-world odyssey in 1975", and performed in 63 different countries.[8]

The band stopped extensively touring in 1990 to allow Raymond Winslow, Alice and Al, and Ruth to personally rear their children without being on the road for months at a time. In 2018, for their 50th anniversary, the band toured widely again through the US and Europe.[22]

McLain Family Band Festival
Promotional flyer for inaugural festival
Genre	Bluegrass
Location(s)	Renfro Valley, KY, US (1978) Bighill, KY, US (1979–1987)
Years active	1978–1987
Founded by	Raymond Kane McLain
Attendance	6,000–7,000 annually

Raymond Kane had envisioned for years a family-friendly bluegrass festival dedicated to performing family groups, and in 1978 he found a 73-acre (30 ha) farm on U.S. Route 421[30] in Bighill, Kentucky that perfectly met the needs of such a festival: "I found this farm with this marvelous hill forming a natural amphitheater. At the bottom of the hill is a grove of locust, wild plum and oak trees, a great backdrop for the stage. The rest is history." That year, the band hosted the inaugural McLain Family Band Festival[29] in Renfro Valley, Kentucky, but all subsequent festivals were held on the farm.[4]

The festival showcased both domestic (including Patsy Montana,[29] The Whites, Jim & Jesse, Janette Carter, and the Osborne Brothers) and international talent (including the Appleseeds from Japan, the Nuyens Family from Belgium, and Fesaci from Czechoslovakia).[15] Some years, the festival's performers were broadcast on NPR and Kentucky Educational Television. Between 6,000 and 7,000 people attended the festival each year,[4] many of whom camped on the McLain's farm for the duration. No alcoholic drinks or illegal drugs were allowed on the premises. In 1987, the entrance fee was US$10 (equivalent to $25.76 in 2022); the festival ran for three days from noon to 11 p.m.,[29] and ultimately lasted for ten years.[15]

Logo for McLain Family Band albums and ancillary materials

Under their own label (Country Life Records),[15] the McLain Family Band released 14 LP records.[4]

Raymond Kane (second from left) performing with the band at the Carter Fold on September 28, 2002

Raymond Kane McLain was born on April 18, 1928, in Alliance, Ohio.[13] In 1970, Raymond Kane began teaching the United States' first university-level courses in bluegrass and Appalachian music at Berea College.[35] Raymond Kane McLain was the bandleader of the group for 20 years.[39] He sang[35] and played the guitar and accordion.[10] Raymond Kane also wrote music; the Elizabethton Star called his arrangement of Johann Sebastian Bach's second Brandenburg Concerto "the most stunning" of his musical compositions for the band.[34] After the band stopped touring in 1989, Raymond Kane became a librarian.[15] He died in Lexington, Kentucky on February 14, 2003, at 74 years old.[2]

Mary Elizabeth "Betty" Winslow[5] (1928–2011) had a degree in psychology from Oberlin College, and married Raymond Kane in 1952. After they moved to Hindman, Kentucky, she became the recreation director of the Hindman Settlement School.[40] It was with her encouragement that Raymond Kane started the family band in 1968.[2] For "over 20 years" she managed the band full-time[40]—acting as talent manager and bookkeeper at home in Berea, Kentucky while the band toured[15]—and also hosted the band's annual Bighill, Kentucky bluegrass festival. She taught English country dance, and was an executive field director for the Wilderness Road Girl Scout Council. She was married to Bill Tallmadge from 1999 until his death in 2004.[40]

Raymond Winslow McLain was born in 1953.[15] He enrolled at Berea College when the family moved there in 1970,[4] and married Beverly Buchanan in December 1979.[41] In 2000, Raymond Winslow was made the director of the Bluegrass and Country Music Program at East Tennessee State University.[6][15] As of 2017, he was the executive director of Morehead State University's Kentucky Center for Traditional Music.[5]

A high tenor[42] playing clawhammer banjo,[43] and fiddle, Raymond Winslow is the most well-known of the McLain family outside of the band,[2] and one of "the most well-traveled musicians in his field".[44] Playing with the family band, Raymond Winslow "took nearly all the lead breaks in their early years."[15] He was a "musical ambassador" for the United States Department of State, and made more than 230 appearances with orchestras.[6] Paul Jenkins of Bluegrass Unlimited called Raymond Winslow's playing virtuosic,[15] and in 1972, he won a Bluegrass Music Award.[45]

After the family band stopped touring in 1989, Raymond Winslow joined Jim & Jesse and played with them for 10 years.[6] During those ten years, he also released two albums of his own: A Place of My Own (1992) and Kentucky Mountain Banjo (1995). Since then, he's also played with "Canadian harmonica virtuoso" Mike Stevens.[15]

Al (left) and Alice White in 2014

Alice McLain White (b. Rose Alice McLain[48] in 1956) sings, and plays mandolin and double bass.[35] She enrolled at Berea College when the family moved there in 1970.[4] She met her husband Al on the Grand Ole Opry before they married in 1977.[22] Al White (b. 1952)[15] grew up playing music in New Mexico, and moved to Louisville, Kentucky to join the band Bluegrass Alliance. Al joined the McLain Family Band after marrying Alice;[49] he plays mandolin and guitar,[29] and sings.[35]

When the McLain Family Band stopped performing in 1989, Alice and Al remained in Berea, Kentucky.[49] There, as of 2017, Alice was a first-grade teacher, Al taught traditional instrument instruction at Berea College,[5] and the two of them played concerts and for folk and contra dancing.[49]

Ruth McLain Smith at the Museum of Appalachia in Norris, TN (2010)

Ruth McLain Smith (b. Ruth Helen McLain[48] in 1958)[15] plays mandolin, double bass, and sings.[35] When the band formed in 1968, she stood on chairs and milk crates to reach the neck of her bass.[50] On December 15, 1970, Ruth played the Appalachian dulcimer for the White House on national television after only 2–6 weeks of learning the instrument.[51][8] In 2007, Ruth was playing regularly with Grandpa Jones' family, and was a director with Usborne Publishing.[12] Ruth has a Bachelor of Arts from Berea College, and as of 2016 was a lecturer at Morehead State University.[52] Prior to 2007, Ruth married Philip Smith, and they have four children.[12] In 2011, she moved back to Berea, Kentucky to care for her mother, Betty.[49]

Nancy Ann McLain Wartman was born in 1965,[15] had joined the band by 1979,[10] and performs on double bass, mandolin, and vocals.[35] Nancy Ann joined up with Usborne Publishing in 1994 and held the position of director within the company as of September 2016.[53][15]

Michael, who was born in 1967,[15] plays banjo, guitar,[29] and mandolin.[54] He has played with the Claire Lynch Band and Dale Ann Bradley,[18] and he married his wife Jennifer a week after proposing atop the Crowne Plaza in Nashville, Tennessee.[55] As of April 2014, Michael taught bluegrass and traditional instruments at Belmont University.[15]

Tom Owen had joined the band by 1979, and played banjo, guitar, and mandolin.[10] He was not related to the McLains.[4]

A band member by May 1981,[56] Michael Riopel (b. 1954 or 1955) married Ruth and played guitar, mandolin, and harmonica.[54]

Raymond Kane's mother, Beatrice "Bicky" Kane McLain (1906–2004)[2]—called "the matriarch of the band" by the Los Angeles Times—had joined the band by 1987[29] and traveled with them for the better part of twelve years[3] singing traditional ballads such as the 17th century murder ballad "Two Sisters".[29] Bicky died on April 3, 2004, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.[2][3]

In September 1974, United States Ambassador to Pakistan Henry A. Byroade sent a diplomatic cable to the United States Department of State asking for a National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) evaluation of Hellman's Angels and the McLain Family Band for possibly booking concerts in Pakistan.[62] The State Department acquired a review by an NEA panel member, replying, "McLain Family Band is pleasantly amateurish, however, their enthusiasm and spirit make up for their lack of polish and on this basis he would give a 'good' rating."[63]

After their April 11–14, 1975 performances in Manila,[14] United States Ambassador to the Philippines William H. Sullivan reported that the McLain Family Band "performed five times in Manila with excellent results, generating much enthusiasm among university students, professional musicians, and the public. [...] By every indication, McLain's 'bluegrass music' seems very welcome expression of Americana here; it helped dispel notion that Kentucky means only 'fried chicken'. [...] They establish wholesome, happy mood with audience, redily [sic] improvise, are each professionally expert".[28] Similarly, after performing in Laos from April 19–23 that same year,[14] the United States diplomatic mission in Vientiane gave "high praise of McLain Band performances. McLain's [sic] convey dramatically the joy of 'bluegrass music' and evoke enthusiastic audience response. McLain's [sic] are outstanding musicians who represent the finest in American traditions. Seldom in experience of all officers at post have we programmed a more cooperative, congenial and talented group."[26] The McLain Family Band performed in Romania May 21–25, 1975;[14] the United States diplomatic mission in Bucharest had nothing but good things to say about them:

How can anyone not like the McLain Family Band? Sincere people and talented musicians they represent the best in American character traits of friendliness, informality and a sincere respect for and curiosity about other cultures while offering their audiences a taste of a unique American musical genre. [...] Each audience demanded (and received) more than the standard program with 4 or 5 encores becoming the norm. The variety of the McLain program — humorous songs blended with religious and regional numbers impressed the listeners with the richness of bluegrass music. The musical talents and personalities particularly of young Raymond [Winslow] McLain and his sister Ruth provoked continuous applause. The McLain style is deceptively profissional [sic] without being slick or overtly commercial. The misical [sic] arrangements are simple and straight-forward but one never doubts the professionalism, the careful timing and pacing of the program. Audiences included classical music composers, journalists, theatre personalities and, in large numbers, young students. The unanimous reaction was positive with several people asking specifically that the McLains return to Bucharest for a third time. The McLains already have many commitments for 1976 but if they are available for a European tour the post requests a one-week program which will allow provincial city visits.

— United States embassy in Bucharest[64]

High praise came from United States Ambassador to Hungary Eugene V. McAuliffe after the band played there from May 25–30, 1975.[14]

Without doubt the McLain Family Band is the most senstational [sic], attractive and effective cultural presentation which could possibly be fielded by the [United States Government] in support of its goal of projecting the best and most favorable image of the U.S. to any audience, in any country, anwhere [sic]. Musically the McLains are first rate. Personally they radiate enthusiasm, simplicity, love of people, love of music. Their art form is little known, but it tells a lot of a side of American which usuually [sic] little known. They have universal appeal and can charm any audience into foot-stomping, thunderous applause. They are simply the best there is. [...] CU/ARTS could never find any better use of its funds than keeping this group on the road every year for as long as possible to as many countries as possible, and particularly in 1976.

— McAuliffe[23]

Speaking on their performance in Czechoslovakia, Raymond Kane said, "It's one thing to say the trip was a success, but that really doesn't tell what we saw and felt. The Czechs were so overwhelmed that they came up to us and touched our faces and cried."[15]