List of trading losses

The following contains a list of trading losses of the equivalent of US$100 million or higher. Trading losses are the amount of principal losses in an account.[1] Because of the secretive nature of many hedge funds and fund managers, some notable losses may never be reported to the public. The list is ordered by the real amount lost, starting with the greatest.

This list includes both fraudulent and non-fraudulent losses, but excludes those associated with Bernie Madoff's Ponzi scheme (estimated in the $50 billion range) as Madoff did not lose most of this money in trading.

Nominal amount lost USD FX rate at time of loss[2] USD equivalent at time of loss USD inflation to 2007[3] 2007 USD Amount Lost Country Company Source of Loss Year Person(s) associated with incident
AUD 37 bn[4][5][6] 0.7 USD 26 bn -28% USD 18.6 bn  Australia Reserve Bank of Australia Bonds 2022 Philip Lowe
USD 15 bn 1 USD 15 bn -32% USD 10.3 bn  United States Silicon Valley Bank[7] Bonds 2023
USD 15 bn 1 USD 15 bn  United States FTX Cryptocurrencies 2022 Sam Bankman-Fried, Caroline Ellison
USD 10 bn 1 USD 10 bn -19.4% USD 8.06 bn  United States Archegos Capital Management[8] Total return swaps 2021 Bill Hwang
USD 9 bn1USD 9 bn−3.7%USD 8.67 bn United StatesMorgan Stanley[9]Credit Default Swaps2008 Howie Hubler
USD 9 bn1USD 9 bn−7.0%USD 8.37 bn United KingdomJPMorgan Chase[10]Credit Default Swaps2012 Bruno Iksil
USD 8 bn1USD 8 bn−12.3%USD 7.01 bn ChinaTsingshan Holding Group[11]Short positions on nickel2022
USD 6.12 (EUR 4.9) bn0.679USD 7.22 bn−3.7%USD 6.95 bn FranceSociété Générale[12]European Index Futures2008 Jérôme Kerviel
USD 6.5 bn1USD 6.50 bn2.8%USD 6.69 bn United StatesAmaranth Advisors[13]Gas Futures2006 Brian Hunter
USD 4.6 bn1USD 4.6 bn27.2%USD 5.85 bn United StatesLong Term Capital Management[14]Bond Arbitrage1998 John Meriwether
EUR 4 bnUSD 4 bn NetherlandsPFZW[15]Oil futures2020
USD 4.5 bn 1 USD 4.5 bn -19.4% USD 3.6 bn  United States Melvin Capital[16] Short positions on Gamestop and other US equities 2021 Gabe Plotkin
USD 4.1 bn1USD 4.1 bn-14.9%USD 3.49 bn United StatesPershing Square[17]Valeant Pharmaceuticals2015-2017 Bill Ackman
JPY 285 bn108.78USD 2.62 bn32.1%USD 3.46 bn JapanSumitomo Corporation[18]Copper Futures1996 Yasuo Hamanaka
USD 3 bn SingaporeThree Arrows CapitalCryptocurrency2022 Kyle Davies & Su Zhu
BRL 4.62 bn1.833USD 2.52 bn−3.7%USD 2.43 bn BrazilAracruz[19][20]FX Options2008 Isac Zagury, Rafael Sotero
USD 2.4 bnUSD 2.4 bn United StatesSemGroup[21]Oil Futures2008
USD 1.7 bn[22]1USD 1.7 bn39.9%USD 2.38 bn United StatesOrange County[23]Leveraged bond investments1994 Robert Citron
DEM 2.63 bn1.655USD 1.59 bn43.5%USD 2.28 bn GermanyMetallgesellschaft[24]Oil Futures1993 Heinz Schimmelbusch[25]
JPY 166 bn111.08USD 1.49 bn43.5%USD 2.14 bn JapanShowa Shell Sekiyu[26][27]FX Forwards1993
JPY 153.6 bn102.18USD 1.50 bn39.9%USD 2.09 bn JapanKashima Oil[27]FX Forwards1994
USD 2 bnUSD 2 bn United StatesTiger Management[28]Shorting Japanese yen1998
USD 2 bn1USD 2 bn−8.5%USD 1.83 bn United KingdomUBS[29]Equities ETF and Delta 12011 Kweku Adoboli
HKD 14.7 bn7.786USD 1.89 bn−3.7%USD 1.82 bn ChinaCITIC Pacific[30]Foreign Exchange Trading2008 Frances Yung
GBP 827 mn0.633USD 1.31 bn36.1%USD 1.78 bn SingaporeBarings Bank[31]Nikkei Futures1995 Nick Leeson
RUB 78.5 bn 38.98 USD 2.01 bn −12.6% USD 1.76 bn  Russia Transneft[32][33][34][35] Derivatives 2014 Maksim Grishanin, VP Finance
USD 1.8 bn1USD 1.8 bn−3.7%USD 1.74 bn United StatesDeutsche Bank[36]Derivatives2008 Boaz Weinstein
USD 1.6 bnUSD 1.6 bn United StatesIcahn Enterprises[37]Hertz2020 Carl Icahn
JPY 130 bnUSD 1.6 bn JapanAIJ Investment Advisors[38]Volatility options2012 Kazuhiko Asakawa
USD 1.75 (EUR 1.4) bn0.923USD 1.29 bn [39]20.4%USD 1.56 bn AustriaBAWAG[40]Foreign Exchange Trading2000 [39] Wolfgang Flöttl, Helmut Elsner[40]
USD 1.1 bn1USD 1.10 bn36.1%USD 1.50 bn JapanDaiwa Bank[41]Bonds1995 Toshihide Iguchi
USD 0.80 bn1USD 0.80 bn82.5%USD 1.46 bn United KingdomSoros Fund[42]SP 500 Futures1987 George Soros
USD 1 bn1USD 1 bn252.5%USD 2.52 bn United StatesHunt BrothersSilver1980 William Hunt, Nelson Hunt
USD 0.94 (EUR 0.75) bn0.679USD 1.10 bn−3.7%USD 1.06 bn FranceGroupe Caisse d'Epargne[43][44]Derivatives2008 Boris Picano-Nacci
BRL 2 bn1.833USD 1.09 bn−3.7%USD 1.05 bn BrazilSadia[19][20][45]FX and Credit Options2008 Adriano Ferreira, Álvaro Ballejo
EUR 0.730 bn USD 1 bn≈ USD 1 bn≈  Italy Monte dei Paschi di Siena[46] Synthetic CDOs, Credit Default Swaps on Italian government bonds, equity swaps on Intesa Sanpaolo shares[47] 2005-2009
USD 1 bn Saudi ArabiaSaudi National Bank[48]Credit Suisse2023
GBP 0.4 bn0.611USD 0.66 bn29.2%USD 0.85 bn United KingdomMorgan Grenfell[49]Shares1997 Peter Young
USD 0.6 bn1USD 0.60 bn39.9%USD 0.84 bn United StatesAskin Capital Management[50]Mortgage-Backed Securities1994 David Askin
USD 0.75 (EUR 0.60) bn1.371USD 0.82 bn0.0USD 0.82 bn GermanyWestLB[51]Common and Preferred Shares2007 Friedhelm Breuers[52]
USD 0.69 bn1USD 0.69 bn15.3%USD 0.80 bn United StatesAIB/Allfirst[53]Foreign Exchange Options2002 John Rusnak
S$1.13 bnUSD 0.80 bn SingaporeHin Leong TradingOil2020
DEM 0.47 bn2.587USD 0.18 bn320.6%USD 0.76 bn GermanyHerstatt Bank[54][55]Foreign Exchange Trading1974 Dany Dattel
USD 0.77 bnUSD 0.77 bn United StatesArkansas Teacher Retirement System[56]volatility-trading fund2020
USD 0.68 bn0%USD 0.68 bn ChinaUnipecOil2018 [57][58]
USD 0.65 bn United StatesQuantum FundJapanese Yen Shorting1994 Stanley Druckenmiller[59]
CAD 0.68 bn1.066USD 0.64 bn0%USD 0.64 bn CanadaBank of Montreal[60][61]Natural gas derivatives2007 David Lee, Kevin Cassidy [62][63]
USD 0.6 bn United StatesQuantum FundShort IT stocks during the internet bubble1999 Stanley Druckenmiller[59]
USD 0.55 bn1USD 0.55 bn9.8%USD 0.60 bn ChinaChina Aviation Oil (Singapore)[64]Oil Futures and Options2004 Chen Jiulin
USD 0.57 bn ChinaCOSCO Shipping[65]Freight derivatives2008
CHF 0.63 bn1.451USD 0.43 bn27.2%USD 0.55 bn  SwitzerlandUnion Bank of Switzerland[66]Equity Derivatives1998 Ramy Goldstein
USD 0.52 bnUSD 0.52 bn United StatesState Teachers Retirement System of Ohio[67]Panda Power Funds2011-2021
EUR 0.48 bn 1.08 USD 0.519 bn USD 0.35 bn  France Électricité de France S.A.[68] French electricity contracts 2021
USD 0.44 bn1USD 0.44 bn82.5%USD 0.44 bn United StatesKnight Capital GroupEquities2012 Thomas Joyce
USD 0.28 bn1USD 0.28 bn82.5%USD 0.51 bn United StatesMerrill Lynch[69]Mortgages (IOs and POs) Trading1987 Howard A. Rubin
USD 0.28 bn1USD 0.28 bn82.5%USD 0.51 bn United StatesState of West Virginia[70]Fixed Income and Interest Rate Derivatives1987 A. James Manchin
USD 0.35 bn1USD 0.35 bn39.9%USD 0.49 bn United StatesKidder Peabody[71]Government Bonds1994 Joseph Jett
USD 0.4 bn1USD 0.40 bn20.4%USD 0.48 bn United StatesManhattan Investment Fund[72]Short IT stocks during the internet bubble2000 Michael Berger
USD 0.37 (EUR 0.30) bn1.244USD 0.37 bn9.8%USD 0.41 bn AustriaHypo Alpe-Adria-Bank International[73]Foreign Exchange Trading2004
1USD 0.4 bn United StatesPershing Square[74]Netflix2022 Bill Ackman
USD 0.35 bn1USD 0.35 bn0.0%USD 0.35 bn United StatesCalyon[75]Credit Derivatives2007 Richard "Chip" Bierbaum
USD 0.36 bn1USD 0.36 bn0.0%USD 0.36 bn SingaporePetro-Diamond Singapore[76][77][78]Oil derivatives2019 Wang Xingchen, Jack[79]
AUD 0.36 bn1.171USD 0.31 bn9.8%USD 0.34 bn AustraliaNational Australia Bank[80]Foreign Exchange Trading2004 Luke Duffy, Gianni Gray, Vince Ficarra & David Bullen[81]
JPY 28.6 bnUSD 0.34 bn JapanTateho Chemical IndustriesBond futures1987[82]
JPY 32 bnUSD 0.34 bn JapanTokyo SecuritiesBond futures1994[82]
USD 0.078 bn1USD 0.078 bn320.4%USD 0.328 bn  SwitzerlandLloyds Bank[83]Foreign Exchange Trading1974 Marc Colombo
USD 0.37 (EUR 0.30) bn0.895USD 0.27 bn17.1%USD 0.31 bn BelgiumDexia Bank[84]Corporate Bonds2001
USD 0.296 bn (EUR 0.26) bn1.11USD 0.296 bn-1%USD 0.296 bn Hong KongNatixis[85]Equities Derivatives2018
USD 0.25 bn+1USD 0.25 bn+ United StatesParplus Partners[86]CBOE Volatility Index futures and options2020 Jim Carney
USD 0.225 bn1USD 0.225 bn43.5%USD 0.30 bn United StatesFXCM[87]Foreign exchange2015
USD 0.207 bn1USD 0.207 bn43.5%USD 0.30 bn ChileCodelco[88]Copper, silver, gold futures1993 Juan Pablo Davila
EUR 0.160 1.1 USD 0.176 bn 0% USD 0.176bn  Germany BNP Paribas Arbitrage Structured products 2016 Armin S.[89]
JPY 11.5 bnUSD 0.28 bn Japan/ United StatesFuji Bank New York Branch[82]Foreign exchange trading1984
USD 0.28 bn United KingdomAllied-Lyons[90]FX derivatives1991
USD 0.28 bn1USD 0.28 bn United StatesRaytheon Technologies Corporation Pension Administration and Investment Committee[91]volatility-trading fund2020
JPY 9.7 bnUSD 0.24 bn Japan/ SingaporeDai-Ichi Kangyo Bank Singapore BranchForeign exchange trading1982Haruo Kanda[82]
JPY 22.9 bnUSD 0.23 bn JapanNanzan Gakuen[92]Equity derivatives2008
USD 0.16 bn1USD 0.16 bn39.9%USD 0.22 bn United StatesProcter & Gamble[93]Interest rate derivatives1994 Raymond Mains
USD 0.04 bn1USD 0.04 bn433.8%USD 0.214 bn  SwitzerlandUnited California Bank of Basel[94]Cocoa futures1970Paul Erdman
USD 0.2 bn1USD 0.20 bn6.2%USD 0.21 bn ChinaState Reserves Bureau Copper Scandal[95]Copper Futures2005 Liu Qibing[96]
HKD 1.38 bnUSD 0.17 bn Hong KongChinese Estates[97]Evergrande2021
GBP 0.09 bn0.611USD 0.15 bn29.2%USD 0.19 bn United KingdomNatWest[98]Interest Rate Options1997 Kyriacos Papouis
USD 0.039 bn1USD 0.039 bn320.4%USD 0.164 bn United StatesFranklin National Bank[99]Foreign Exchange Trading1974Peter Shaddick
USD 0.11 bn1USD 0.11 bn39.9%USD 0.15 bn United StatesCuyahoga County, Ohio[100]Leveraged Fixed Income1994
JPY 15.4 bnUSD 0.15 bn JapanKomazawa Gakuen[101]Currency Derivatives2008
SEK 1.23 bn7.804USD 0.15 bn−4.8%USD 0.143 bn SwedenHQ Bank[102]Equity Derivatives2010 Fredrik Crafoord, Mikael König, Patrik Emblad
USD 0.15 bnUSD 0.15 bn United StatesOptionSellers.com[103]commodity trading2018James S. Cordier
JPY 13.9 bnUSD 0.14 bn JapanNippon Steel ChemicalBond futures1993[82]
USD 0.14 bn1USD 0.14 bn−3.7%USD 0.13 bn United StatesMF Global[104]Wheat Futures2008 Evan Dooley
N/AUSD 0.13 bn Japanself-portfolioBitcoin2017-2018 Masayoshi Son[105]
USD 0.120 bn1USD 0.12 bn−3,7%USD 0.12 bn United StatesMorgan Stanley[106]Credit-index options2008 Matt Piper
USD 0.12 (EUR 0.1) bn1USD 0.12 bn−1%USD 0.12 bn NorwayEinar Aas[107]Nordpool Power Derivatives2018 Einar Aas
JPY 11.9 bnUSD 0.12 bn JapanNippon SansoInterest rate swap1995[82]
USD 0.1 bn1USD 0.10 bn15.3%USD 0.12 bn CroatiaRiječka banka (Rijeka Bank)[108]Foreign Exchange Trading2002 Eduard Nodilo
HKD 1 bnUSD 0.12 bn Hong KongBlue River Holdings[109]Evergrande Vehicle2021

See also

References
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