Trina Robbins

Robbins was an active member of science fiction fandom in the 1950s and 1960s. Her illustrations appeared in science fiction fanzines like the Hugo-nominated Habakkuk.

Trina Robbins at a 2010 underground comix art exhibit in San Francisco, California

Robbins' first comics were printed in the East Village Other; she also contributed to the spin-off underground comic Gothic Blimp Works.

In 1969, Robbins designed the costume for the Warren Publishing character Vampirella for artist Frank Frazetta in Vampirella #1 (Sept. 1969).[4]

She left New York for San Francisco in 1970, where she worked at the feminist underground newspaper It Ain't Me, Babe. The same year, she produced the first all-woman comic book, the one-shot It Ain't Me, Babe Comix with fellow female artist Barbara "Willy" Mendes.[5][6][7] Robbins became involved in creating outlets for and promoting female comics artists, through projects such as the comics anthology Wimmen's Comix, with which she was involved for twenty years. Wimmen's Comix #1 featured Robbins' "Sandy Comes Out", the first-ever comic strip featuring an "out" lesbian.[8][9]

During this time, Robbins also became a contributor to the San Francisco-based underground paper Good Times,[10] along with art director Harry Driggs and Guy Colwell.

Robbins became increasingly outspoken in her beliefs, criticizing underground comix artist Robert Crumb for the perceived misogyny of many of his comics, saying, "It's weird to me how willing people are to overlook the hideous darkness in Crumb's work ... What the hell is funny about rape and murder?"[11]

In the early 1980s, Robbins created adaptations of Sax Rohmer's Dope and Tanith Lee's The Silver Metal Lover. In the mid-1980s she wrote and drew Misty for the Marvel Comics children's imprint Star Comics. The short-lived series was a reinterpretation of the long-standing character Millie the Model, now minding her niece Misty. She followed Misty with the similar California Girls, an eight-issue series published by Eclipse Comics in 1987–1988.

In 1990, Robbins edited and contributed to Choices: A Pro-Choice Benefit Comic Anthology for the National Organization for Women, published under Robbins' own imprint, Angry Isis Press. The all-star list of contributors, who were mostly but not all women, included representatives of the underground — Lee Marrs, Sharon Rudahl, Harry Driggs, Diane Noomin, Harry S. Robins, and Robbins herself; alternative — Nina Paley, Phoebe Gloeckner, Reed Waller & Kate Worley, Roberta Gregory, Norman Dog, and Steve Lafler; queer — Leslie Ewing, Jennifer Camper, Alison Bechdel, Angela Bocage, Jackie Urbanovic, Howard Cruse, Robert Triptow, and M. J. Goldberg; and mainstream — Cynthia Martin, Barbara Slate, Mindy Newell, Ramona Fradon, Steve Leialoha, William Messner-Loebs, and Bill Koeb — comics communities. A number of contributors — Nicole Hollander, Cathy Guisewite, Garry Trudeau, Bill Griffith, and Jules Feiffer — were comic strip creators whose work in the anthology was reprinted from their syndicated strips.

In 2000 Robbins introduced GoGirl! — superhero stories designed to appeal to young girls. Robbins wrote the stories, with Anne Timmons providing the bulk of the art. The series ran for five issues with Image Comics, and then was picked up by Dark Horse Comics, with the final issue coming out in 2006.

In 2010, she began writing comics adventures of the Honey West female detective character for a series published by Moonstone Books.

Robbins' official involvement with Wonder Woman began in 1986. At the conclusion of the first volume of the series (in conjunction with the series Crisis on Infinite Earths), DC Comics published a four-issue limited series titled The Legend of Wonder Woman, written by Kurt Busiek and drawn by Robbins. The series paid homage to the character's Golden Age roots. She also appeared as herself in Wonder Woman Annual 2 (1989).

In the mid-1990s, Robbins criticized artist Mike Deodato's "bad girl art" portrayal of Wonder Woman, calling Deodato's version of the character a "barely clothed hypersexual pinup."[12]

In the late 1990s, Robbins collaborated with Colleen Doran on the DC Comics graphic novel Wonder Woman: The Once and Future Story, on the subject of spousal abuse.

In addition to her comics work, Robbins is an author of nonfiction books on the history of women in cartooning.

Her first book, co-written with Catherine Yronwode, was Women and the Comics, a history of female comic-strip and comic-book creators. Subsequent Robbins volumes on women in the comics industry include A Century of Women Cartoonists (Kitchen Sink, 1993), The Great Women Superheroes (Kitchen Sink, 1997), From Girls to Grrrlz: A History of Women’s Comics from Teens to Zines (Chronicle, 1999), and The Great Women Cartoonists (Watson-Guptill, 2001). More recent work includes Pretty In Ink, published by Fantagraphics in 2013, which covers the history of North American women in comics from Rose O'Neill's 1896 strip The Old Subscriber Calls to the present.

Robbins was a co-founder of Friends of Lulu,[13] a nonprofit formed in 1994 to promote readership of comic books by women and the participation of women in the comic book industry.

Robbins is featured in the feminist history film She's Beautiful When She's Angry.[14][15]

As writer/artist, unless otherwise noted

• It Ain't Me, Babe Comix (Last Gasp, 1970) — co-founder, contributor
• All Girl Thrills (Print Mint, 1971) — editor, contributor
• Wimmen's Comix (Last Gasp, Renegade Press, Rip Off Press, 1972–1992) — co-founder, contributor
• Mama! Dramas (Educomics, June 1978) — editor and contributor, along with Suzy Varty, Joyce Farmer, and others
• Dope (Eclipse Comics, 1981–1983) — adaptation of the Sax Rohmer novel
• The Silver Metal Lover (Crown Books, 1985) — adaptation of the Tanith Lee novel
• Misty (Star Comics, 1985–1986) — limited series
• The Legend of Wonder Woman (DC Comics, 1986) — limited series
• California Girls #1–8 (Eclipse Comics, 1987–1988) — writer/artist, with contributions from Barb Rausch
• Strip AIDS U.S.A.: A Collection of Cartoon Art to Benefit People With AIDS (Last Gasp, 1988) — co-editor with Bill Sienkiewicz and Robert Triptow
• Choices: A Pro-Choice Benefit Comic Anthology for the National Organization for Women (Angry Isis Press, 1990) — editor and contributor
• Wonder Woman: The Once and Future Story (DC Comics, 1998) — writer; drawn by Colleen Doran
• GoGirl! #1–5 (Image Comics, 2000–2001) — writer
• GoGirl! #1–3 (Dark Horse Comics, 2002–2006) — writer; issues #2–3 feature all new material
• Honey West #1, 2, 6, 7 (Moonstone Books, 2010) — writer
• Honey West and The Cat #1–2 (Moonstone Books, 2013) — writer

• East Village Other (late 1960s)
• Gothic Blimp Works (East Village Other, 1969)
• Moonchild Comix #3 (Nicola Cuti; Moonchild Productions, September 1970) [28][29]
• Swift Comics (Bantam Books, 1971)
• Girl Fight Comics #1–2 (Print Mint, 1972, 1974)
• Tuff Shit Comics (Print Mint, 1972)
• Barbarian Comics #4 (California Comics, 1972)
• Comix Book (Marvel Comics, Kitchen Sink Press, 1974–1976)
• Tits & Clits Comix #3 (Nanny Goat Productions, 1977)
• Gates of Eden (FantaCo Enterprises, 1982)
• Good Girls (Wonderful Publishing Company, 1985)
• Gay Comix #6, #11, #25 (Bob Ross, 1985, 1986, 1998)
• War News (Jim Mitchell, 1991) — underground newspaper launched to protest the first Gulf War.[30]
• Alien Apocalypse 2006 (Frog Ltd., 2000)
• 9-11: September 11, 2001 (Artists Respond) (Dark Horse Comics/Chaos! Comics/Image Comics, 2002)
• The Phantom Chronicles (Moonstone Books, 2007)
• Girl Comics (Marvel Comics, 2010)

• Women and the Comics by Catherine Yronwode and Trina Robbins (Eclipse, 1983) ISBN 0-913035-01-7
• A Century of Women Cartoonists (Kitchen Sink, 1993) ISBN 0-87816-206-2
• The Great Women Superheroes (Kitchen Sink, 1997) ISBN 0-87816-482-0
• From Girls to Grrrlz: A History of Women’s Comics from Teens to Zines (Chronicle, 1999) ISBN 0-8118-2199-4
• The Great Women Cartoonists (Watson-Guptill, 2001) ISBN 0-8230-2170-X
• Nell Brinkley and the New Woman in the Early 20th Century (McFarland & Co., 2001) ISBN 0-7864-1151-1
• Eternally Bad: Goddesses with Attitude (Conari Press, 2001) ISBN 1-57324-550-X
• Tender Murderers: Women Who Kill (Conari Press, 2003) ISBN 1-57324-821-5
• Wild Irish Roses: Tales of Brigits, Kathleens, and Warrior Queens (Conari Press, 2004) ISBN 1-57324-952-1
• "Girls on Top?", chapter 6 of Dez Skinn's Comix: The Underground Revolution (Collins & Brown/Thunder's Mouth, 2004) ISBN 1-84340-186-X[31]
• The Brinkley Girls: The Best of Nell Brinkley's Cartoons from 1913–1940 (Fantagraphics Books, 2009) ISBN 978-1-56097-970-8—introduction
• Forbidden City: The Golden Age of Chinese Nightclubs (Hampton Press, 2009) ISBN 978-1-57273-947-5
• Lily Renée, Escape Artist: From Holocaust Survivor to Comic Book Pioneer (Graphic Universe, 2011) ISBN 978-0761381143
• Pretty In Ink: North American Women Cartoonists 1896–2013 (Fantagraphics Books, 2013) ISBN 978-1-60699-669-0
• Babes in Arms: Women in Comics During the Second World War (Hermes Press, 2017) ISBN 978-1-61345-095-6
• Flapper Queens: Women Cartoonists of the Jazz Age (Fantagraphics Books, 2020) ISBN 978-1-68396-323-3

• Estren, Mark James (1974). A History of Underground Comics. Quick Fox Inc. ISBN 0-87932-075-3.
• Kaplan, Arie (2006). Masters of the Comic Book Universe Revealed!. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 1-55652-633-4.
• Krensky, Stephen (2007). Comic Book Century: The History of American Comic Books (People's History). Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0-8225-6654-0.
• Weller, Sheila (2008). Girls Like Us: Carole King, Joni Mitchell, Carly Simon and the Journey of a Generation. Atria. ISBN 978-0-7434-9147-1.