Trioceros
Trioceros is a genus of lizards in the family Chamaeleonidae, native to the African mainland (not in Madagascar). Trioceros was considered a subgenus of the genus Chamaeleo until 2009, when it was elevated to full genus level. As of 2021, Trioceros wolfgangboehmei is the most recently scientifically described species in this genus.
| Trioceros | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Jackson's three-horned chameleon (Trioceros jacksonii ) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Iguania |
| Family: | Chamaeleonidae |
| Subfamily: | Chamaeleoninae |
| Genus: | Trioceros Swainson, 1839 |
| Type species | |
| Chamaeleo oweni | |
Species and subspecies
The following species and subspecies are recognized as being valid.[2]
| Image | Name | Common Name | Subspecies | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trioceros affinis (Rüppell, 1845) | beardless Ethiopian montane chameleon, Rüppell's desert chameleon | Ethiopia. | ||
.jpg.webp) | Trioceros balebicornutus (Tilbury, 1998) | Bale two-horned chameleon | Ethiopia. | |
 | Trioceros bitaeniatus (Fischer, 1884) | side-striped chameleon, two-lined chameleon | Ethiopia, southern Sudan, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and the northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. | |
 | Trioceros camerunensis (L. Müller, 1909) | Cameroon dwarf chameleon | Cameroon. | |
| Trioceros chapini (de Witte, 1964) | Chapin's chameleon,[3] grey chameleon | Gabon and Democratic Republic of the Congo. | ||
| Trioceros conirostratus (Tilbury, 1998) | South Sudanese unicorn chameleon | South Sudan and Uganda. | ||
_(7651130584).jpg.webp) | Trioceros cristatus (Stutchbury, 1837) | crested chameleon, fringed chameleon | Bioko, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Nigeria, Ghana, and Togo. | |
 | Trioceros deremensis (Matschie, 1892) | Usambara giant three-horned chameleon, wavy chameleon | East Usambara, Uluguru, Nguu and Nguru Mountains, and Udzungwa Mountains. | |
 | Trioceros ellioti (Günther, 1895) | Elliot's chameleon,[4] montane side-striped chameleon, Elliot's groove-throated chameleon | Burundi, Kenya, South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and Democratic Republic of the Congo. | |
| Trioceros feae (Boulenger, 1906) | Bioko hornless chameleon, Bioko montane chameleon, Fea's chameleon | Bioko. | ||
| Trioceros fuelleborni (Tornier, 1900) | (named after Friedrich Fülleborn),[5] flapjack chameleon, Ngosi Volcano chameleon, Poroto three-horned chameleon, mountain three-horned chameleon | Tanzania | ||
| Trioceros goetzei (Tornier, 1899) | Goetze's chameleon,[6] Ilolo chameleon, Goetze's whistling chameleon |
|
Tanzania and Malawi. | |
| Trioceros hanangensis Krause & Böhme, 2010 | Mount Hanang montane dwarf chameleon, Mount Hanang chameleon | Tanzania | ||
| Trioceros harennae (Largen, 1995) | Harenna hornless chameleon | Ethiopia | ||
 | Trioceros hoehnelii (Steindachner, 1891) | helmeted chameleon, high-casqued chameleon, von Höhnel's chameleon[8] | Kenya and Uganda | |
| Trioceros incornutus (Loveridge, 1932) | Ukinga hornless chameleon | Tanzania | ||
| Trioceros ituriensis (K.P. Schmidt, 1919) | Ituri forest chameleon | Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya. | ||
.jpg.webp) | Trioceros jacksonii (Boulenger, 1896) | Jackson's chameleon[9] |
|
south-central Kenya and northern Tanzania. |
 | Trioceros johnstoni (Boulenger, 1901) | Johnston's chameleon,[10] Johnston's three-horned chameleon, Ruwenzori three-horned chameleon | Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda | |
| Trioceros kinangopensis Stipala et al., 2012 | Aberdare Mountains dwarf chameleon | Kenya. | ||
| Trioceros kinetensis (K.P. Schmidt, 1943) | Mount Kineti montane dwarf chameleon, Mount Kineti chameleon | South Sudan. | ||
| Trioceros laterispinis (Loveridge, 1932) | spiny-flanked chameleon | United Republic of Tanzania, East Africa. | ||
| Trioceros marsabitensis (Tilbury, 1991) | Marsabit one-horned chameleon, Mt. Marsabit chameleon, Tilbury's chameleon | Kenya. | ||
 | Trioceros melleri (Gray, 1865) | giant one-horned chameleon, Meller's chameleon,[11] Meller's giant one-horned chameleon | Malawi, northern Mozambique, and Tanzania | |
 | Trioceros montium (Buchholz, 1874) | Cameroon sailfin chameleon | Cameroon. | |
| Trioceros narraioca (Nečas, Modrý & Šlapeta, 2003) | Mount Kulal chameleon or Mount Kulal stump-nosed chameleon | Kenya | ||
| Trioceros ntunte (Nečas, Modry & Slapeta, 2005) | Mount Nyiru chameleon, Nyiru montane dwarf chameleon | Kenya | ||
| Trioceros nyirit Stipala et al., 2011 | Mount Mtelo stump-nosed chameleon, Pokot chameleon | Kenya | ||
.jpg.webp) | Trioceros oweni (Gray, 1831) | Owen's chameleon[12] | Nigeria in the north, to Angola in the south, and Burundi in the east | |
| Trioceros perreti (Klaver & Böhme, 1992) | Perret's chameleon,[13] Perret's montane chameleon | Cameroon. | ||
.jpg.webp) | Trioceros pfefferi (Tornier, 1900) | Pfeffer's two-horned chameleon,[14] Pfeffer's chameleon, Bakossi two-horned chameleon | Cameroon. | |
 | Trioceros quadricornis (Tornier, 1899) | four-horned chameleon |
|
western Cameroon and southeastern Nigeria. |
.jpg.webp) | Trioceros rudis (Boulenger, 1906) | coarse chameleon, rough chameleon, Ruwenzori side-striped chameleon, Rwenzori bearded montane dwarf chameleon | western Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern DR Congo | |
| Trioceros schoutedeni (Laurent, 1952) | Schouteden's montane dwarf chameleon[15] | Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. | ||
| Trioceros schubotzi (Sternfeld, 1912) | Mount Kenya montane dwarf chameleon, Mount Kenya side-striped chameleon, Schubotz's chameleon[16] | Kenya | ||
| Trioceros serratus (Mertens, 1922) | Cameroon | |||
| Trioceros sternfeldi (Rand, 1963) | (named after Richard Sternfeld),[17] Crater Highlands side-striped chameleon, Tanzanian montane dwarf chameleon | Tanzania | ||
 | Trioceros tempeli (Tornier, 1899) | Tanzania mountain chameleon, Tempel's chameleon,[18] Udzungwa double-bearded chameleon | Tanzania | |
 | Trioceros werneri (Tornier, 1899) | Werner's chameleon,[19] Wemer's chameleon, Wemer's three-horned chameleon | Tanzania | |
 | Trioceros wiedersheimi (Nieden, 1910) | Mount Lefo chameleon, Wiedersheim's chameleon[20] | Cameroon and Nigeria | |
_Figure_7.jpg.webp) | Trioceros wolfgangboehmei Koppetsch, Nečas & Wipfler, 2021 | Ethiopia. | ||
Nota bene: In the above list, a binomial authority or trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species or subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Trioceros.
Footnotes
- Trioceros oweni at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 17 May 2022.
- Trioceros at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database
- Beolens et al., p. 51.
- Beolens et al., p. 82.
- Beolens et al., p.95.
- Beolens et al., p. 103.
- Beolens et al., p. 90.
- Beolens et al., p. 124.
- Beolens et al., p. 132.
- Beolens et al., p. 135.
- Beolens et al., p. 175.
- Beolens et al., p. 198.
- Beolens et al., p. 203.
- Beolens et al., p. 205,
- Beolens et al., p. 237.
- Beolens et al., p. 238.
- Beolens et al., 253.
- Beolens et al., p. 263.
- Beolens et al., p. 282.
- Beolens et al., p. 285.
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trioceros.
- Boelens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5.
- Tilbury, C.R., & Tolley, K.A. (2009). "A re-appraisal of the systematics of the African genus Chamaeleo (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae)". Zootaxa 2079: 57–68.
- Swainson, W. (1839). The Natural History of Fishes, Amphibians, & Reptiles, or Monocardian Animals. Vol. II. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans; John Taylor. (A. Spottiswoode, printer). 452 pp. (Trioceros, new genus, p. 369).
External links
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