List of tropical cyclone records

This is a condensed list of worldwide tropical cyclone records set by different storms and seasons.[1]

Colour scheme used in this table:
Hydrological records
Impact records
Intensity records
Longevity records
Size records
Velocity records
Miscellaneous records

Major records

Characteristic Record Date Tropical Cyclone and/or Location Ref(s)
Highest overall rainfall6,083 mm (239.5 in)January 14, 1980January 28, 1980Cyclone Hyacinthe in Reunion Island[2]
Highest storm surge14.5 m (47.6 ft)March 5, 1899Cyclone Mahina in Bathurst Bay, Queensland, Australia[3]
Highest confirmed wave heightα30 m (98.4 ft)September 11, 1995Hurricane Luis on Queen Elizabeth 2 in the north Atlantic Ocean[4]
Costliest tropical cyclone$125 billion (2017 USD) in damagesAugust 29, 2005
August 25, 2017
Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Harvey in the northern Gulf Coast of the United States[5]
Costliest tropical cyclone season≥$294.803 billion (2017 USD) in damages during the 2017 Atlantic hurricane seasonApril 19, 2017November 9, 2017North Atlantic Ocean[6]
Deadliest tropical cyclonec. 500,000+ fatalitiesNovember 12, 1970Bhola cyclone in East Pakistan[7][8]
Deadliest tropical cyclone season500,805+ fatalities during the 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasonMay 2, 1970November 29, 1970North Indian Ocean[9]
Most tornadoes spawned120 confirmed tornadoesSeptember 15, 2004September 18, 2004Hurricane Ivan in the southern and eastern United States[10]
Highest wind gusts113.3 m/s (253 mph; 220.2 kn; 408 km/h)April 10, 1996Cyclone Olivia in Barrow Island, Western Australia[11]
Highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for a tropical cyclone87February 4, 2023March 14, 2023Cyclone Freddy in the Australian region and South-West Indian Ocean[12][13]
Highest Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for a season571 during the 1997 Pacific typhoon seasonJanuary 19, 1997December 23, 1997Northwest Pacific Ocean[14]
Highest number of rapid intensification cycles for a tropical cyclone7February 4, 2023March 14, 2023Cyclone Freddy in the Australian region and South-West Indian Ocean[13]
Most intense
(1-minute maximum sustained surface winds)
96.2 m/s (215 mph; 187.0 kn; 346 km/h)October 23, 2015Hurricane Patricia in the northeast Pacific Ocean[15]
Most intense
(10-minute maximum sustained winds)
78.2 m/s (175 mph; 152.0 kn; 282 km/h)February 20, 2016Cyclone Winston in the south Pacific Ocean[16]
Most intense
(lowest central pressure)
870 mb (870.0 hPa; 25.7 inHg)October 12, 1979Typhoon Tip in the northwest Pacific Ocean[17][18]
Most intense at landfall
(1-minute maximum sustained winds)
88 m/s (200 mph; 171 kn; 320 km/h)November 1, 2020Typhoon Goni in Catanduanes, Philippines
[19]
Most intense at landfall
(10-minute maximum sustained winds)
78.2 m/s (175 mph; 152.0 kn; 282 km/h)February 20, 2016Cyclone Winston in Viti Levu, Fiji.[16]
Most intense at landfall
(pressure)
884 mb (884.0 hPa; 26.1 inHg)February 20, 2016Cyclone Winston in Viti Levu, Fiji.[16]
Longest lasting tropical cyclone37 daysFebruary 4, 2023March 14, 2023Cyclone Freddy in the Australian region and South-West Indian Ocean[20]
Longest distance traveled by tropical cyclone13,180 km (8,190 mi)August 11, 1994September 13, 1994Hurricane John in the northeast and northwest Pacific Ocean[21][22]
Longest lasting Category 4 or 5 winds8.25 consecutive daysAugust 24, 2006September 2, 2006Hurricane/Typhoon Ioke in the northeast and northwest Pacific Ocean[23]
Longest lasting Category 5 windsβ5.50 consecutive daysSeptember 9, 1961September 14, 1961Typhoon Nancy in the northwest Pacific Ocean[24]
Largest tropical cyclone
(radius of winds from center)
Gale winds 17.5 m/s (40 mph; 35 kn; 65 km/h) extending 1,086 km (675 mi) from centerOctober 12, 1979Typhoon Tip in the northwest Pacific Ocean[17][25]
Smallest tropical cyclone
(radius of winds from center)
Gale winds 17.5 m/s (40 mph; 35 kn; 65 km/h) extending 18.5 km (11.5 mi) from centerOctober 7, 2008Tropical Storm Marco in the Bay of Campeche[26]
Largest eye
370 km (230 mi)August 20, 1960
August 17, 1997
Typhoon Carmen and Typhoon Winnie in the northwest Pacific Ocean[27][28]
Smallest eye
3.7 km (2.3 mi)October 19, 2005Hurricane Wilma in the Caribbean Sea[29]
Fastest intensification
(1-minute sustained surface winds)
54 m/s (120 mph; 105 kn; 195 km/h), from 38 m/s (85 mph; 75 kn; 135 km/h) to 91.6 m/s (205 mph; 180 kn; 330 km/h) in under 24 hOctober 22, 2015October 23, 2015Hurricane Patricia in the northeast Pacific Ocean[15]
Fastest intensification
(pressure)
100 mb (100 hPa), from 976 mb (976.0 hPa; 28.8 inHg) to 876 mb (876.0 hPa; 25.9 inHg) in under 24 hSeptember 22, 1983September 23, 1983Typhoon Forrest in the northwest Pacific Ocean[30][31]
Fastest seafloor current produced by a tropical cyclone2.25 m/s (5 mph; 5 kn; 10 km/h)September 16, 2004Hurricane Ivan in the north Atlantic Ocean[32][33]
Fastest updraft produced in a tropical cyclone27.4 m/s (60 mph; 55 kn; 100 km/h)October 23, 2015Hurricane Patricia in the northeast Pacific Ocean[34]
Highest forward speed31.18 m/s (70 mph; 60 kn; 110 km/h)September 15, 1961Tropical Storm Six in the north Atlantic Ocean[35]
Closest proximity to the equator1.4° NDecember 26, 2001Tropical Storm Vamei in the South China Sea[36]
Heaviest natural object moved by a tropical cyclone160,572 kg (177 short tons)November 8, 2013Typhoon Haiyan in Samar, Philippines[37]
Highest number of tropical storms in a season39 official storms during the 1964 Pacific typhoon seasonMay 12, 1964December 17, 1964Northwest Pacific Ocean[38]
Warmest eye34.0 °C (93.2 °F) at 700 hPa heightAugust 19, 1979Typhoon Judy in the northwest Pacific Ocean[39]
Coldest cloud tops produced by a tropical cyclone−109.35 °C (−164.83 °F)November 30, 2019Typhoon Kammuri over the Philippine Sea[40]

See also

Notes

Although Luis produced the highest confirmed wave height for a tropical cyclone, it is possible that Hurricane Ivan produced a wave measuring 131 feet (40 m).[41]
It is believed that reconnaissance aircraft overestimated wind speeds in tropical cyclones from the 1940s to the 1960s, and data from this time period is generally considered unreliable. Consequently, Typhoon Nancy may not have sustained Category 5 winds for such a long duration.

References

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  12. "Real-Time Southern Hemisphere Statistics by Storm for 2022/2023". Colorado State University. Archived from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
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  21. "What is the farthest a tropical cyclone has traveled?". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
  22. "Tropical Cyclone: Longest Distance Traveled by Tropical Cyclone". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
  23. "The 2006 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season". Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-11-28.
  24. "Faq : Hurricanes, Typhoons, And Tropical Cyclones". Aoml.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2008-12-23.
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