Turiasaurus

Turiasaurus (meaning "Turia lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaurs. It is known from a single fossil specimen representing the species Turiasaurus riodevensis, found in the Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation of Teruel, Spain.

Turiasaurus
Temporal range: Kimmeridgian-Tithonian
~
Mounted replica skeleton
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: †Sauropodomorpha
Clade: †Sauropoda
Clade: †Turiasauria
Genus: †Turiasaurus
Royo Torres et al. 2006
Species:
†T. riodevensis
Binomial name
†Turiasaurus riodevensis
Royo Torres et al. 2006

Description
Size compared with a human

Turiasaurus is believed to be the largest dinosaur ever found in Europe, and is among the largest dinosaurs known. It was originally estimated at over 30 metres (98 ft), possibly around 36–39 metres (118–128 ft) in length and with a weight of 40–48 t (44–53 short tons).[1] More recent estimates suggest a length of 21–30 metres (69–98 ft) in length, but a comparable weight of 30–50 t (33–55 short tons).[2][3] The length of its skull is 70 centimetres, which is not too large. According to the paleontologist Luis Alcalá, this is because a larger head might have caused Turiasaurus to break its neck.[4]

Phylogenetic analysis shows that Turiasaurus lies outside of the Neosauropoda division and belongs to a new clade, Turiasauria, together with Losillasaurus and Galveosaurus.[1]

History
Life restoration
Alternate reconstruction

Fragmentary remains of this animal, including an articulated left forelimb (holotype), skull fragments, teeth, vertebrae and ribs, have been found in terrestrial deposits of the Villar del Arzobispo Formation of Riodeva (Teruel Province, Spain). A forelimb from Portugal[5]is now seen as Zby atlanticus.[6] The type species, Turiasaurus riodevensis, was formally described by Royo-Torres, Cobos & Alcala, in 2006.[1] In the early 2010s, excavations were made east of Madrid that uncovered the most complete fossil of such creatures in the whole world.[7]

References
  1. Royo-Torres, R., Cobos, A., and Alcalá, L. (2006). "A Giant European Dinosaur and a New Sauropod Clade." Science 314: 1925-1927.
  2. Paul, G.S., 2010, The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press.
  3. Molina-Pérez, Rubén; Larramendi, Asier (2020-09-29). Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Sauropods and Other Sauropodomorphs. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-19069-3.
  4. "El Turiasaurus". El Mundo. 2012.
  5. Mateus, O. (2009). The sauropod Turiasaurus riodevensis in the Late Jurassic of Portugal. Journal of vertebrate Paleontology, 29.
  6. Octávio Mateus, Philip D. Mannion & Paul Upchurch (2014) Zby atlanticus, a new turiasaurian sauropod (Dinosauria, Eusauropoda) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 34:3, 618-634, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2013.822875
  7. "Největší dinosaurus moc nemyslel, zato pořádně jedl". excavations. seznam. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
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