Turkish television drama

Turkish television series (Turkish: Türk dizileri) have seen significant growth since the 2000s. These dramas are believed to reflect Turkish culture and considered by some to be the country's most well known economic and cultural exports.[1][2] Turkey had become the world's fastest growing exporter of television series, surpassing Mexico and Brazil as the second-largest exporter of television series after the United States by the mid-2010s.[1][2][3] The television industry has played a crucial role in increasing Turkey's popularity in Asia, Europe, Latin America, and North Africa.[4][5]

Turkish series are chiefly produced in Istanbul, following the liberalization of private television in Turkey in the 1990s.[6] Turkish television channels producing dramas include TRT, Kanal D, Show TV, Star TV, ATV, Fox, TV8, and Kanal 7.[7] The Turkish television series market is characterized by intense local competition; out of the 60 series produced annually in the country, almost 50% do not run for longer than 13 episodes due to the strong competition among local channels, which results in the high quality and popularity of the longer-running productions.[8] Each episode of a Turkish drama is typically between 120 and 150 minutes in length, excluding advertisements. However, this does not apply to internet platform series.[9]

Çalıkuşu was the first Turkish TV series to be exported internationally in 1986 to the Soviet Union.[10][11] Turkish television shows are almost always available in multiple languages, dubbed or subtitled to accommodate the target country's language. The success of Turkish television series has also boosted tourism, as visitors are eager to visit the locations used in their favorite shows.[12] The sudden and massive international popularity of Turkish TV dramas since the 2000s has been widely analyzed as a social phenomenon.[13]

Production
Beren Saat is popular from the series Aşk-ı Memnu and Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?
Can Yaman gained popularity internationally with Turkish television dramas.
Birce Akalay is the lead actress of Siyah Beyaz Aşk
Tuba Büyüküstün is the lead actress of Brave and Beautiful and Rise of Empires: Ottoman

The average season length of a Turkish drama is around 35-40 episodes.[14] New episodes are filmed 6 days a week to keep up with the demanding production schedule, and crews can work up to 18 hours a day.[15]

Episodes are generally much longer than those of Western series, with 60% of series running between 120 and 180 minutes per episode including advertisements.[14] When Turkish series are run in other markets such as the Balkans and southeastern Europe, episodes are usually split into shorter segments, usually not exceeding more than 60 minutes.

History

Turkey's first TV series was Aşk-ı Memnu, which was produced in 1974. It was adapted from the eponymous 1899 novel by Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil. The series was released on TRT, the public broadcaster of Turkey. The period of TV dramas on just TRT continued until 1986, being referred to in Turkey as the "single channel period" (Turkish: tek kanal dönemi) and the shows themselves being called the "old TRT series" (Turkish: eski TRT dizileri). TRT was known for its adaptations of Turkish classic novels into historical TV mini-series.[16]

Turkish Yeşilçam films (English: green pine), were more popular at the time. Yeşilçam stars didn't play in TV series. 1970s was the golden age of Yeşilçam. Yeşilçam was the world's 4th biggest cinema.[17] A support actor played in 3 films in a day. Yeşilçam movies are known for iconic unforgetten songs. Soundtrack songs are still widely successful. It being called Turkish: Yeşilçam şarkıları or Turkish: Yeşilçam müzikleri.[18][19]Due to Korea-Turkey common history culture, Yeşilçam films were exported internationally in to Korea.[20]

Other Turkish TV channels appeared in the 1990s, and TV production increased as a result.[21]

Turkish TV series produced between 2000 and 2005 were between 60 and 80 minutes in length. Screenwriters couldn't finish scripts on time. Because of this, soundtrack music were added to scenes. It was widely successful, and Turkish TV series changed into one long music video.

Turkish TV series between 2005–2010 were on average, 90 minutes in length. TV series became more popular than Turkish cinema, which mostly consisted of festival movies and comedy movies.

Adaptations of Turkish classic novels began to be produced. Authors whose works were commonly adapted included Reşat Nuri Güntekin, Orhan Kemal, Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil, Peyami Safa, Ayşe Kulin, Ahmet Ümit, Nermin Bezmen, Hande Altaylı, and Elif Şafak. However, these adaptations usually transformed the stories from their late 18th- 20th-century settings to contemporary times. Book sales increased 10-fold, but these adaptations were not popular among authors and literary critics. One critic stated, "You imagine that Madame Bovery or Anna Karenina is in a shopping mall. It's terrible. The adaptations aren't literary. There weren't historical places, political, sociological. Characters of Turkish classic change or don't die. Classic political novel changes only love story".[22][23]

In the 2010s, series ranged from 120 to 150 minutes in length on average, meaning an episode of Turkish TV series is like a feature-length movie. The series range from a period drama, modern-absurd comedy, crime, to romantic-comedy. The most watched comedy series were Avrupa Yakası (2004–2009), Leyla ile Mecnun (2011–2013), Kardeş Payı (2014–2015), İşler Güçler (2012–2013), 1 Erkek 1 Kadın (2008–2015), Yalan Dünya (2012–2014),[24][25] Tatlı Hayat (2001–2004) and Belalı Baldız (2005–2006).

Milestones of the Turkish TV drama

Turkish TV series started to gain popularity with the release of the Arabic-dubbed Turkish drama, Gümüş, in the Arab World.[26] The Bride from Istanbul was a huge hit in Israel.[27] Suskunlar (Game of Silence) became the first Turkish drama to be remade by the USA.[28] Then Son was licensed as Runner for ABC, although it never made its road to a network.[29] Pasión prohibida was the first Spanish-language American remake of a Turkish drama, released in 2013.[30] Many channels in Latin America have been broadcasting Turkish series and many local remakes aired.[31] Son became the first Turkish TV series adapted in Western Europe, having been adapted by Netherlands.[32] Adını Feriha Koydum was the first Turkish drama success in India.[33][34][35] Kya Qusoor Hai Amala Ka? was the first Indian remake of the popular Turkish drama, Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, about a gang-raped girl's fight for justice. Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? also remade by Spain as Alba for Netflix.[36][37]

Streaming

Turkish streaming opened in the late-2010s. They are Tabii, BluTv, Exxen, Gain, Puhu TV, Turkcell TV.[38][39][40]

Netflix

Since late 2010s American streaming service Netflix has been producing original Turkish dramas and movies available on its platform. Netflix created its first original Turkish series, The Protector, with the release date on December 14, 2018. According to Nick Vivarelli of Variety, Netflix is the only streaming platform to buy substantial amounts of Turkish television series.[41] Fatma, Love 101, 50m2, Paper Lives, Ethos, Rise of Empires: Ottoman, The Gift, Have You Ever Seen Fireflies?, Last Summer, One-Way to Tomorrow, Stuck Apart, Leyla Everlasting are among the Netflix productions that gathered success in Turkey as well as many other countries. There is a special category, "Turkish Movies & TV", on Netflix.[42]

The Club was watched for a total of 7,860,000 hours during the week of 8–14 November, ranking 8th on Netflix's non-English language series list, thus making it one of the top 10 most-watched series.[43] The Turkish production (Love Tactics) ranked first in the non-English films category of the February 14–20 list. Love Tactics watched 16,860,000 hours in its second week in the Global Top 10.[44] The Turkish production (In Good Hands) ranked second in the non-English films category of the March 21–27 Netflix Global list.[45] Yakamoz S-245 ranked third on Netflix Top 10 Global Non-English TV Series category of the April 18–24 week[46] and ranked fifth on the April 25-May 1 week.[47] Yolun Acik Olsun (Godspeed) ranked eighth on Netflix Top 10 Global Non-English Films category of the May 23–29 week.[48] As The Crow Flies ranked second on Netflix Top 10 Global Non-English TV Series category of the June 6–12 week.[47] Turkish movie, Doom of Love ranked fifth in the non-English films category of the June 20–25 week.[48]

Spanish remake, Alba, of Turkish drama, Fatmagul’un Suçu Ne?, ranked first on the Global Non-English TV Series category of the July 18–24, 2022 week.[49] Another Self entered Netflix's Global Non-English TV Series list at number 5 with 18,100,000 hours of viewing in its first 4 days of July 25–31, 2022 week.[49] Drama was also the first Turkish series to enter the Netflix list in the UK.[50] Another Self ranked second in the Global Non-English TV Series category of August 1–7, 2022 week.[47] Turkish movie, Heartsong, ranked ninth in the Global Non-English Movies category of August 4–14, 2022 week.[48] Another Self ranked third Global Non-English TV Series list with 21,990,000 hours of viewing of the August 8–14, 2022 week.[47]

Adapted from a Turkish scenario, Spanish production If Only, ranked eighth in the Global Non-English TV series category of OCTOBER 24 - OCTOBER 30, 2022 week.[47] Kal (Don't Leave) ranked ninth in the Global Non-English Films category of November 7–13 week.[48]

Hot Skull ranked eight in the Global Non-English TV series category of December 5–11 week.[47]

Shahmaran ranked second in the Global Non-English TV Series category of January 23–29 week.[47]

Who Were We Running From? ranked third in the Global Non-English TV Series category of March 20-26-2023[47] and next week ranked first.[47] The Tailor ranked first in the Global Non-English TV Series category of May 1-7-2023.[51] Chokehold ranked in top 10 for three week in the Global Non-English Films category.[52]

You Do You ranked second and first in top 10 for three week in the Global Non-English Films category of the June 5-11 and June 12-18 week.[53]

Disney Plus

The first Turkish original drama for Disney Plus, Kaçış, aired on June 14, 2022.[54] Dünyayla Benim Aramda became the second Turkish drama aired in the platform.[55]

International popularity

Afghanistan

Turkish TV series dubbed in Dari Persian have become very popular in Afghanistan, ratings going higher than the traditional Indian TV series that Afghans watched. TOLO, a TV station in Afghanistan. The most popular Turkish show is Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? (What is Fatmagül's Fault?).[56] Another series as Öyle Bir Geçer Zaman Ki (As Time Goes By), Beni Affet (Forgive Me), Effet, Aşk-ı Memnu (Forbidden Love), and Adını Feriha Koydum are popular too.[57] In 2015, is reported that the four Turkish series most successful around the world are Muhteşem Yüzyıl, Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, Aşk-ı Memnu and Binbir Gece.[58] Also, the most popular Turkish actor around the world is Halit Ergenç,[59] and the most popular Turkish actress around the world is Beren Saat.[60][61]

Arab world

Turkish TV series began to rise in popularity across the Arab world in 2008, when MBC Group began to acquire the rights for the series.[62] MBC is a popular Saudi Arabian broadcasting network.[62] Instead of dubbing the shows in classical Arabic, they were rendered in Syrian Arabic, a dialectal variant readily understood by ordinary viewers across the Middle East.[63][64]

In a survey carried out in 16 Middle Eastern countries by the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation, three out of four of those surveyed said they had seen a Turkish television series. Turkish series are in demand in the Arab world. They are prevalent on Egyptian television, and are popular among women in particular.

Led by Gümüş (known as Noor in the Arab market), a wave of Turkish melodramas made their way onto Arab televisions, wielding a kind of soft power. The show violated the local conservative cultural norms, showing some Muslim characters drinking wine with dinner and engaging in premarital sex. The Arabic-dubbed finale of the Turkish TV series Gümüş (Silver), aired on August 30, 2008, was watched by 85 million viewers. In 2008, the grand mufti of Saudi Arabia Abdulaziz al-Sheikh issued a fatwa against channels that broadcast Gümüş, saying anyone who broadcast it was "an enemy of God and his Prophet".[63] First Turkish dramas aired in the Arab world were Cemberimde Gul Oya, Kaybolan Yıllar, Annem, Asi, Berivan, Bıçak Sırtı, Kurtlar Vadisi, Elveda Derken, Menekşe ile Halil, Yabanci Damat and Yılan Hikayesi.[65] Another Turkish hit drama in the first period was Ihlamurlar Altında which made Tuba Büyüküstün a star in the region.[66]

In 2013, the most popular Turkish shows were Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, Aşk-ı Memnu and Muhteşem Yüzyıl.

Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? has increased the popularity in Istanbul as a tourist destination among Arabs.[63] Some Turkish series are more appealing to women, while some action series attract male audiences, which helps attract different types of advertisers for different viewerships. Some series have political overtones, including Ayrılık, which depicts the daily life of Palestinians under Israeli military occupation. Despite this, Islamic conservatives in many Middle Eastern countries have condemned certain Turkish series as "vulgar" and "heretical" to Islam.

In March 2018, MBC pulled all Turkish dramas off the air. Nick Vivarelli of Variety considers this a result of the political tensions between Saudi Arabia and Turkey. The head of the Turkish Sales Company Global Agency, Izzet Pinto, made a statement to say that he believed this was a political decision against the Turkish government.[41]

In 2019, Tunisian-Algerian TV series named Mashaer was the first Arabic TV series to be broadcast with Turkish team in script and directing in order to benefit from the success of Turkish TV series in attracting followers in Arab countries.[67]

An Arab adaptation of the Turkish drama Bride from Istanbul was remaked as 'Bride from Beirut' for MBC in 2019. An Arabic remake, Ala Al Hilwa Wa Al Morra, of Turkish drama, Iyı Gunde Kotu Gunde, was made in 2021.[68] MBC linked Arab digital platform, Shahid, still showing Turkish dramas despite the tension.[69] During Ramadan in 2020 and 2021, channels broadcast many Turkish series in Lebanon.[70][71]

Hab Mlouk, Algerian-Tunisian remake of Turkish drama, Afili Aşk, aired in April 2022.[72]

MBC Group has signed a five-year output and co-development deal with Medyapim and fellow Turkish company Ay Yapim, in October 2022. It also includes a pact to exchange knowhow and co-develop original Arabic-language content for the MENA region, to be filmed in Saudi Arabia.[73]

New remakes are continuing to be produced by various channels of the region.

Armenia

Turkish drama, Ezel, was remade under the name, Ancanoty, by Shant TV, one of the biggest channels in Armenia.[74] The Armenian adaptation of the Turkish series Kara Sevda was broadcast under the name "Kayaran".[75][76] Turkish series are also watched in the Armenian diaspora in Russia and elsewhere.[77]

Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, Turkish series started becoming popular by the entrance of Muhteşem Yüzyıl. The show was renamed as Sultan Suleiman and it aired on the newcomer channel Deepto TV which was launched in November 2015 and started its broadcasting activity by telecasting first and second episode of this serial as the channels first opening program. It was the first Turkish drama series aired in Bangladeshi television. Through this program, the channel as well as the show acquired 2nd highest TRP by the first week of January and marvelously got the 1st place in the TRP ratings of viewers by the second week among all the Bangladeshi TV channels.[78] After one year of the highly successful running of Muhtesem Yuzyil, several channels started broadcasting other Turkish series's such as Diriliş: Ertuğrul on Maasranga Television and Ask-i Memnu on Channel I. Diriliş: Ertuğrul has gained so much popularity that the show has acquired highest TRP ratings of viewers in 2017–2018. .

India

In September 2015, the first Turkish drama on Indian television was Adını Feriha Koydum (Feriha) aired on Zindagi had become a huge success. The reason behind its success is a powerful story and natural acting by all the artists[79] The third and final season Adını Feriha Koydum, was broadcast for the first time in India between 16 November 2016 to 15 December 2016 at 6 pm under the title "Feriha-New Season" by Zindagi because of overwhelming audience request.[80] However, the show Aşk-ı Memnu (Paabandh Ishq) was also aired on Rishtey in Hindi but on international version of Rishtey like in United States, Europe and Asia. In India, Aşk-ı Memnu does not broadcast by the Rishtey till now.[81] Fatmagul'ün Suçu Ne? is also extremely well received and appreciated by India audiences. The show also helped Zindagi to become the number one premium entertainment channel, garnering impressive ratings. The viewership of the channel increased due to this show. The reason behind it is talented actors, good looking faces, realistic and scenic locales besides good storyline. Kuzey Güney, Adını Feriha Koydum, Aşk Laftan Anlamaz, Little Lord are a most demanded show in India and also highest rated show in India.[82][83] From 25 June 2018 the Star Plus started broadcasting Kış Güneşi as its channel first Turkish show dubbed in Hindi language.[84][85]

Kya Qusoor Hai Amala Ka, an Indian adaptation of the Turkish drama series Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, was released in 2017.[86][87] Indian remake, Dil Sambhal Jaa Zara, of Turkish drama, Ask-i Memnu, was aired in 2017.[88]

Recently in 2018 MX PLAYER started streaming Turkish shows dubbed in Hindi for free. Day Dreamer, Endless Love, Cennet, New Bride, Brave and Beautiful, The Girl Named Feriha, Our Story (Bizim Hikaye), The Promise (Yemin) are also very well received by audience.

Binbir Gece will get an Indian remake.[89] Indian remake aired as Kathaa Ankahee on Sony Entertainment Television.[90]

Iran

IRIB was one of the first networks to invest on Turkish series. IRIB TV3 used to air Sırlar Dünyası (Persian: کلید اسرار) which had very meaningful stories about things happening in real life. It promoted love and faith, and it's been said that this show had more fans in Iran than in Turkey. After that Turkish shows got extremely popular in Iran during the early 2010s. They were dubbed into Persian by various satellite channels. Among the most popular series were Muhteşem Yüzyıl, Aşk-ı Memnu, Sırlar Dünyası and Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?. The loss of popularity in Turkish shows after the early 2010s happened because in recent years satellite channels that used to air these Turkish shows have been unstable and their dubs have gone down in quality. In addition to that the Iranian government has tried to stop the popularity of these shows by producing much more content itself and lifting restrictions on entertainment production to stimulate production by local companies. Turkish shows are also simply too long to fit into the Iranian day-to-day life and have also been accused of promoting disloyalty, anger and backstabbing.[91]

Azerbaijani-speaking Iranians can understand Turkish series without subtitles.

Israel

The first Turkish TV series broadcast in Israel was "Menekşe ile Halil" in 2011.[92] The series, They were which was broadcast in dubbed into Hebrew, was broadcast five days a week during prime-time on Viva.[93] The Turkish series Bride from Istanbul reached high ratings in Israel, especially among women. The star of the series, Özcan Deniz gave concerts in Israel and Berkay Hardal acted in commercials in Israel.[94]

Pakistan

Turkish series are also popular in Pakistan. Aşk-ı Memnu, which has broken ratings records in Turkey,[95][96] aired on the television channel Urdu1 in Pakistan, and has topped ratings being the most successful Turkish series there.[97] The first most popular series is Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?[98] that aired on the same channel, the third best television series is Muhteşem Yüzyıl (Magnificent Century).[98][99] According to Pakistani rating network, Media Logic, Aski-Memnu was watched by more than 90 million people on its last episode where as It averaged 45–55 million viewership from rural and urban market. Moreover, Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? and Adını Feriha Koydum averaged 30 million and 28 million viewership respectively from rural and urban market.[100] No Turkish or Indian program received higher viewership after 2013. After URI Attack, Urdu1 banned Indian content and broadcast Kösem Sultan. The series opened with higher viewership, after three years the Turkish content begin its demand after Kosem Sultan's premier.[101]

Popularity of the Turkish serials was met by some difficulties: Pakistan's entertainment industry complained that the airing of Turkish and other foreign TV series diverts funding from local productions. Furthermore,[102] A senate committee that oversees information and broadcasting has condemned such shows for their allegedly "vulgar content" and contrary to the Pakistan's Muslim traditions.[103] It was also reported that TV series Aşk-ı Memnu, Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, Muhtesem Yuzyil and Adını Feriha Koydum have aired once again after its ending due to immense popularity and major demands. See TV has played a number of Turkish dramas dubbed in Urdu like Ekip1 as Team1, Ötesiz İnsanlar as "Alif", Küçük Gelin as Masoom Dulhan Kucuk.

Hum Sitaray aired season 1 of highest-rated TRT 1 drama Diriliş: Ertuğrul. The story of the father of Osman, founder of the Ottoman Empire. The same drama, Ertugrul, is also being aired on PTV Home, a state-owned entertainment channel from Thursdays to Sundays. It is being watched and its popularity has since risen when PM Imran Khan told Pakistani Public to watch this show. Urdu1 aired Bizim Hikaye, Acil Aşk Aranıyor and Seven Ne Yapmaz in November 2019. The rise of Turkish Content on YouTube in Pakistan began when Kanal D signed up an exclusive worldwide deal with Dot Republic Media for the distribution of their content in the Urdu language. For the first time, multiple titles were broadcast on YouTube in parallel to the TV Channels including Güneşin Kızları as Sunehri Titliyaan (aired on Play TV), Şeref Meselesi as Aabroo (aired on APlus), Siyah Beyaz Aşk as Sawal e Ishq (aired on Play TV), Afili Aşk as Tera Mera Pyar (aired on Play TV), Tatlı Intikam as Ek Haseen Intiqam (aired on Urdu 1). These dramas were aired on Dramas Central, Turkish Dramas Channel, and Best Pakistani Dramas YouTube channels. Aşk Laftan Anlamaz as Pyaar Lafzon Mein Kahan is one of the most-watched series in Pakistan, it has 46 million viewership on its first episode. In Pakistan, it was aired on Filmazia (now LTN Family). People also watched this series from India and Bangladesh. Currently Diriliş: Ertuğrul, Yunus Emre and Aşk Laftan Anlamaz are most popular Turkish series in Pakistan.

Turkic countries

There is varying levels of mutual intelligibility among the various Turkic languages, especially among Turkish and Azerbaijani, which are both Oghuz languages. Thus, in Azerbaijan, the shows are not subtitled as the content of the show is understandable by the general public. Turkish shows are also aired in the Turkish-speaking de facto independent state of Northern Cyprus.[104]

Turkic languages more distant from Turkish, such as Turkmen, Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Uzbek, require subtitles as they have lesser degree of mutual intelligibility. Turkish TV series are popular in the Turkic countries of Central Asia.[105] Uzbek remake of Turkish drama Kirgin Çiçekler aired as Бир ками тўлмаган дунё in 2015.[106]

South Korea

In 2017, the Turkish series Fi was sold to GTV channel in South Korea.[107] In 2021, Kırmızı Oda was sold for the South Korean channel, Kuki TV.[108] Ezel won the Special Award in the Drama category at the 7th Seoul International Drama Awards.[109] Medcezir won the Silver Award for Best Drama at the 9th Seoul International Drama Awards.[110] Kara Sevda won the Special Jury Award in the Drama category at the 10th Seoul International Drama Awards held in South Korea.[111] Engin Akyürek received the "Best Actor" award at the 10th Seoul International Drama Awards.[112] Kerem Bürsin won the "Best Actor" award at the 12th Seoul International Drama Awards.[113] Turkish drama, Çarpışma, won the Silver Award in the Best Drama category at the 14th Seoul International Drama Awards.[114] The Pit won the Special Jury Award at the 16th Seoul International Drama Awards.[115] At the 17th Seoul Drama Awards, two Turkish dramas 'Destan' and 'Mahkum' won the 'Best Series Award'.[116]

Indonesia

Paramparça aired on ANTV.[117] The Turkish series Kirgın Çicekler was broadcast on Indonesia's ANTV channel and became the 'Most Watched' production by female viewers aged 20–29.[118] Turkish drama, Elif, aired in Indonesia and local remake was made as Elif Indonesia on SCTV.[119]

Malaysia

The first Turkish series broadcast on Malaysian National Channel RTM was "Bu Şehir Arkandan Gelecek".[120] Malaysian remake of Turkish drama, Rüzgarın Kalbi, aired as Degup Cinta in 2020.[121]

Philippines

In 2018, GMA Network from the Philippines aired the first Turkish drama, Bana Sevmeyi Anlat (as Wings of Love). ETC channel also aired Ewerywhere I Go, Endless Love (Kara Sevda) and Aşk Laftan Anlamaz.[122][123]

Japan

Magnificent Century aired on Channel Ginga as オスマン帝国外伝～愛と欲望のハレム〜 in Japan.[124] The Japanese Nippon TV has acquired the rights of the Turkish drama series Anne, a remake of Japanese drama Mother; the Turkish remake, Anne, will air on BS Nippon TV and Hulu in Japan.[125] Turkish drama Kadın, a remake of Japanese drama Woman, won the Special Award (Foreign dramas) at the Tokyo Drama Awards.[126]

Vietnam

Magnificent Century aired in Vietnam as Thời đại hoàng kim.[127] Cesur ve Güzel aired on HTV7.[128]

Balkans

Turkish TV shows are widely successful all over the Balkan Region. The most watched show in Bosnia and Herzegovina was Muhteşem Yüzyıl (Magnificent Century). In Kosovo, the most popular TV shows in December 2012 were Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? (What is Fatmagül's Fault?), which ranked top of all programmes and Aşk ve Ceza (Love and Punishment), which came in third according to data by Index Kosova. In Serbia, research from January 2013 indicates that the top two Turkish shows in TV were Muhteşem Yüzyıl, which ranked fourth, and Öyle Bir Geçer Zaman Ki (As Time Goes By), which came in seventh. Serbian sociologist Ratko Božović explains this popularity by pointing at the traditional, patriarchal values of the Turkish shows, and the many cultural and linguistic similarities between Turkey and the Balkan countries: "The mentality depicted in those shows has to do with a traditional understanding of morality that people in Balkans remember at some level". According to him, all Balkan countries (Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Albania, Croatia etc.) have seen dramatic changes in terms of family life, and the Turkish shows help them recall value systems that now seem lost.[129]

In North Macedonia, Öyle Bir Geçer Zaman Ki (As Time Goes By) ranked in January 2013 the top in terms of viewers, according to Nielsen Media Research.[129] In fact, Turkish shows are so successful in North Macedonia that the government has passed a bill to restrict broadcasts of Turkish series during the day and at prime time in order to reduce the Turkish impact on North Macedonia's society.[130]

They are also widely watched by Bulgarian viewers.[131] Nova Televizia broke the record for viewer numbers when it started broadcasting the Turkish TV series Binbir Gece. The channel then decided to broadcast another Turkish show, Dudaktan Kalbe.[132]

The series Binbir Gece (One Thousand and One Nights) became a primetime hit in Bosnia, Montenegro and North Macedonia, as well as in Romania, Albania and Greece.[133] It has increased the popularity of Istanbul as a tourist destination among Croatians, and led to a greater interest in learning Turkish.[134] Other Turkish series that achieved great popularity in Croatia are Ezel starring Kenan İmirzalıoğlu and Cansu Dere (2009-2011), Muhteşem Yüzyıl Halit Ergenc and Meryem Uzerli (2011-2014), Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? starring Engin Akyürek and Beren Saat (2010-2012), Adını Feriha Koydum Hazal Kaya and Çağatay Ulusoy (2011-2012), Kuzey Güney (2011-2013) starring Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ, Buğra Gülsoy and Öykü Karayel, Dila Hanım, Küçük Sırlar (2010-2011) and most recently Behzat Ç. Bir Ankara Polisiyesi (2010-2013).

In Slovakia, the popularity of Turkish series has improved the public image of Turkey itself.[135]

According to Kosovo's index the most popular TV series there is Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? has been sold by 124 countries, Kara Para Aşk sold by 112 countries. Sıla sold by 104 countries. Ezel sold by 100 are series that has been sold by over 100 countries.

Greece

Turkish TV series were also popular in Greece until their widespread removal from Greek TV in 2020 due to Turkish incursions into Greek territorial waters.[136][2] After 2019, due to the resurgence of Greek language programming, Turkish series have largely disappeared from Greek television. The Greek orthodox Bishop Anthimos had criticised Greek fans of Turkish TV series[137] after Yabancı Damat (The Foreign Bridesgroom) was one of the first Turkish series to become popular in Greece in 2005.[138] According to International Hellenic Association in Delaware is monitoring the broadcast of Turkish drama in Greece, certain companies such as Procter and Gamble provide a large amount of advertising at the Turkish drama in Greece. Generally Turkish dramas have been met with criticism in Greece for many years.

Yabanci Damat started airing in Greece on July 11, 2005, recording a viewing rate of 31.7%; the last episode aired on July 5, 2008, recording a viewing rate of 31.8%. One Thousand and One Nights started broadcasting on June 7, 2010, by ANT1, recording a viewership rate of 18.7%. The last episode aired on February 1, 2011, scoring 24.3%, while the highest percentage was 43.8% on August 6, 2010. Another popular drama was Sila; it aired in Greece on June 10, 2012, by MEGA. The series "Elif" had a particularly significant average viewership share, 16.8% of all viewers, it was watched daily by an average of about 450,000 viewers.[139]

Recently Greek television channels have broadcast their own remakes of Turkish series.[140][141][142]

Romania

The series, Ezel, was adapted by Romanian TV channel Pro TV under the title Vlad.[143] Turkish drama, O Hayat Benim, was remade by Romanian channel as Adela in 2020.[144] Fructul oprit, a Romanian adaptation of Ask-i Memnu was also produced by Antena 1 in 2018.[145] The Romanian remake, The Clan (Clanul), of the Turkish drama, İçerde, will air by the Romanian Pro TV.[146]

Spain

After Latin America success, there is great interest in Turkish TV series in Spain. The Spanish Nova channel started broadcasting the TV series 'Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne' in 2018, and the series became the most watched series of the channel. After the TV series "Fatmagul", the Spanish channel began to air Turkish series like "Kara Para Ask", "Elif", "Ezel", "Sila", "Medcezir", "Anne", "One Thousand and One Nights" and "The Girl Named Feriha". At the same time, the series "Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne" adapted as Alba by the Spanish Atresmedia.[147]

Turkish dramas; Kadın (as Mujer), Sen Çal Kapımı, Erkenci Kuş, Kızım, Bir Zamanlar Çukurova (as Tierra Amarga) and Sadakatsiz (Infiel) received high ratings on different channels in Spain.[148] Kadin (Mujer) was the first Turkish series aired in prime time in Spain, it has managed to lead its time slot for a year, even facing great products and being broadcast for several days in a row.[149] Sadakatsiz aired in Spain with an average audience of 2.3 million viewers, which makes it one of the foreign series with the best debut since 2020[150] Caner Cindoruk was on the cover of Spain's "Albacete A Mano" magazine for the promotion of the TV series "Sadakatsiz".[151]

While it was being produced by Turkish Netflix, the series, Eğer Bilseydim, whose production was not made due to censorship, written by Ece Yörenç, will be broadcast by Spanish Netflix under the name of Si lo Hubiera Sabido.[152]

Spanish remake of Turkish drama, Anne, will air as Heridas on Antena 3.[153] Another Spanish remake of Turkish drama, Son, aired as El Accidente on Telecinco in 2017.[154]

THE MEDIAPRO STUDIO and MEDYAPIM established their Spanish-Turkish co-production company in 2022, focusing making Spanish remakes of Turkish dramas.[155][156]

'Sadakatsiz' premiered with a powerful 18.1% rating on Antena 3 and 2,357,000 viewers and, it was the leader every Sunday and moves around a 14-15% share in Spain.[157] The final episode of Kızım (as Mi hija) aired as the most watched series on Antena 3 with an average of more than 2.4 million viewers and a 16.8% share, also placed it as a leader on Sunday nights.[158]

Çilek Kokusu will be broadcast by Mediaset Spain's Divinity channel under the name "Com olor a fresas". The series will be broadcast every weekday.[159] The same channel bought the broadcasting rights for Spain of Bu Şehir Arkandan Gelecek and Kaderimin Oyunu.[160]

Italy

'Cherry Season' was the first Turkish TV series to be broadcast in Italy and received high ratings on Canale 5.[161] Turkish TV series such as 'Dolunay' and 'Erkenci Kuş' made Can Yaman an idol in Italy. Fan clubs were established for the duo of Can Yaman and Demet Özdemir. The actors of the Early Bird and Cherry Season series participated in talk shows in Italy.[162][163][164] The series starring Kerem Bürsin and Hande Erçel in 'Canale 5' was broadcast under the name 'Love is in the Air'.[165]

The first episode of "Sevgili Geçmiş" was watched by 2 million 472 thousand people on Canale 5 with 13.4 percent in primetime and took the first place.[166] Turkish TV series Brave & Beautiful met with the audience on July 5 in Italy on Canale 5.[167]

The broadcasting rights of Once Upon a Time in Çukurova were purchased by Italian Mediaset.[168]

Russia

The first popular Turkish TV series in Russia was Çalıkuşu, broadcast in 1986. Kurt Seyit ve Şura was broadcast on Russia's Domashny television channel in 2015. Magnificent Century (Великолепный век) was shown on the Domanshi channel in 2012. Even though the Turkish series called "Sultan of my Heart" was not successful in Turkey, was broadcast on Channel 1, Russia's largest channel, in 2019 and it took place at number one as the most watched TV series in Russia.[169] Siyah Beyaz Aşk was aired in Russia on the Domashniy channel.[170] Anne, Kara Sevda, Kara Para Aşk and Meryem aired in Russia as well.[171] Kara Sevda gained the popularity in Russia. Russian viewers enjoyed watching not only the original episode, but also reruns of Kara Sevda.[172] Marina Hripunova, General Manager of Russian Domashniy television channel, said, "We cannot do without Turkish TV series. Turkish TV series are watched with great interest in Russia."[173] Turkish star Tuba Büyüküstün became the face of Russian mobile operator, Megafon, in 2021.[174]

Russian remake of Turkish drama, Paramparça, aired in 2018 as Oskolki (Осколки) on WeIT Media.[175]

Ukraine

Magnificent Century aired on Ukraine Channel 1+1 in 2012 as well. As of August 2017, Kara Sevda, with the name "Нескінченне кохання" in Ukraine, started to be broadcast on 1+1, the Ukrainian television.[176] Ukrainian remake of Turkish drama, Ezel, aired as Uznay menya, esli smozhesh (Узнай меня, если сможешь) in 2014.[177] Ukrainian remake of Turkish drama Siyah Beyaz Aşk was made as Na tvoey storone (На твоей стороне) in 2019[178]

France

Turkish series; Kara Sevda, Ölene Kadar, Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, and Bu Şehir Arkandan Gelecek, were broadcast on Africa-based Novelas TV, which also broadcasts in France.[179][180] Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? was selected as the Best Foreign Series at the Soap Awards in 2019.[181] 7. Koğuştaki Mucize became the most watched movie in Netflix France and thus took the title of the first Turkish movie that was watched the most on Netflix France.[182]

Sweden

The Swedish public broadcaster SVT acquired the series Son (The End), becoming the first major broadcaster in Western Europe to buy a Turkish TV series in 2013.[183] According to Sweden's television critic, Anders Björkman, the series, Son, was the best foreign show this season in all categories.[184]

Netherlands

Son was remade in 2016 on KRO-NCRV, one of the leading Dutch television channels, under the name Vlucht HS13 (Flight HS13). Thus, it became the first Turkish TV series adapted in Western Europe.[185][32]

United States

Turkish drama, Suskunlar was remade as Game of Silence on NBC.[186] Turkish drama, Son, has been sold to 20th Century Fox Television in the United States and was adapted into a pilot named Runner for ABC.[187] On November 20, 2017, Kara Sevda won an Emmy for Best Telenovela of the Year.[188] Turkish actor Haluk Bilginer was selected as the 'Best Actor' for his role in the TV series, Şahsiyet, at the 47th International Emmy Awards.[189] Turkish crime drama, Alef, was selected in Variety's "Top 15 International TV Series of 2020" list.[190] The BluTV and FX special production "Alef" won the "best crime drama" and "best credits" awards at the New York Festivals in the USA.[191]

Turkish Netflix drama, Shahmaran (TV series) ranked #9 on Netflix in the US Top 10.[192] Another Turkish Netflix drama Who Were We Running From? ranked #9 and #4 consecutively in the US Top 10 for the March 20-April 2.[193][194] Make Me Believe ranked #10 in the USA Top 10.[195]

Latin America

Turkish dramas have become popular in Latin America after being dubbed into Spanish and Portuguese. Due to the popularity, new Turkish shows continue to be dubbed into Spanish and Portuguese.[196] In 2017, 25% of the biggest 7 Turkish exporting companies' business came from Latin America.[197]

The popularity of Turkish shows in Latin America has been credited to multiple factors. Burhan Gün, the president of the Turkish TV and Cinema Producers Guild, has stated that one reason is that Latin Americans and Turkish people can often look similar to each other.[196] Gün has also expressed that Turkish shows portray storylines relating to migration patterns that are similar in many developing nations. Many shows portray plots about moving from rural areas to cities, and the challenges that come with this transition.[196]

ATV has sold rights to air the series, Hercai, in various international markets, including most of Latin America and the United States through Telemundo, which premiered on June 22, 2021.[198][199] Exathlon is a physical challenge reality show from Turkey that has inspired local versions of the show to be created in Latin America. Brazil and Mexico have each created their own version of the show, Exathlon Brazil and Exatlón México.[200]

In 2020, Taner Ölmez, the lead actor of Miracle Doctor, won the "Best Foreign Actor" award at the Produ Awards, one of the most important awards of the television industry in Latin America.[201] "Bir Zamanlar Çukurova" was announced as the "Best Foreign Series" and received one of the biggest awards at the Produ Awards. Vahide Perçin won the grand prize in the "Best Foreign Actress" category.[202]

HBO opened a Turkish series category on its digital platform in Latin America. For this category, they agreed with Madd Entertainment from Turkey for 3 years; put 10 Turkish TV series in its catalog. Mucize Doktor became the most watched TV series on HBO Max as of October 2021.[203] Sen Cal Kapimi ranked second in the Top 10 list on HBOMAXLA. It ranked first in Chile, Uruguay and Colombia, and third in Mexico and Argentina.[204][205][206][207]

Chile

In Chile, the most popular Turkish show is Binbir Gece, as it was the most watched show in 2014.[196] The television channel "Mega", which started to show Turkish series for the first time in Chile, was saved from bankruptcy, thanks to the Turkish TV series Binbir Gece.[208] Turkish TV series Sıla, which is broadcast in Chile, received as high a rating as the Copa America qualifying match between Brazil and Chile.[209]

Brazil

The first Turkish TV series broadcast in Brazil was Binbir Gece on Band TV.[210] Then Fatmagul and Sila aired.[211][212] "Sila" had the best first week rating of Turkish soap operas in Band.[213] HBO Max Brasil launched its first Turkish soap opera, Sen Cal Kapimi, in the Brazilian catalog and the title won over subscribers, ranking 1st among the most watched productions on streaming.[214]

Colombia

TV series; "Cesur ve Güzel", "Fazilet Hanım ve Kızları", "Binbir Gece", "Kara Para Aşk", "Fatma Gül'ün Suçu Ne", "Adını Feriha Koydum", "Ezel", "Muhteşem Yüzyıl" and "Elif" broadcast in the country.[215]

Argentina

In Argentina the show Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? is extremely popular, with more than 12 million Argentine viewers watching each episode.[196] Mucize Doktor, which started broadcasting on Argentina's number one channel Telefe, received a rating of 14.2 in its first episode, making it the second highest opening performance for a Turkish series. Two days later, on Wednesday, it reached the highest rating for a Turkish drama with a rating of 21.5.[216]

Mexico

Adapted from the Turkish TV series, Kara Para Aşk, Imperio de Mentiras was broadcast on the Mexican Televisa channel.[217] The Mexican adaptation of the Ezel was released in 2018 under the name Yago for Televisa.[218] “El Asesino Del Olvido” the Mexican remake of the Turkish series Şahsiyet was aired.[219] Remake of Gecenin Kraliçesi was broadcast on Las Esterellas as "¿Te acuerdas de mí?" in 2021.[220]

Hispanic community in the US

Turkish drama Kara Sevda is broadcast in the United States through Univision, it became the most watched foreign soap opera in the entire history of the country and the Turkish series with the highest audience, surpassing its main competitors on the Spanish language market. It had more than 2 million viewers per episode and close to 4 million in its final episode.[221]

A Spanish-language American remake titled Pasión prohibida of Turkish drama Aşkı Memnu began airing in 2013.[222]

The drama, Sefirin Kızı, made Univision the first U.S. network among Hispanic viewers in the weeknight 10 p.m. slot.[223]

South Africa

In late 2017, South Africa's free-to-air channel e.tv closed a deal with Turkey's Kanal D to air various Kanal D dramas.[224] These Turkish telenovelas were dubbed into Afrikaans, and proved to be highly successful for the channel, which led e.tv to launch a separate channel called ePlesier (ePleasure) as a new Afrikaans TV channel, on its free-to-air satellite service OpenView HD on 18 April 2022. As a result, many more telenovelas were acquired and the channel still operates as of 2023. The channel also provided a great amount of voice artist work for South African actors.[225] With the increasing popularity of Afrikaans-dubbed Turkish telenovelas, another South African channel KykNet&Kie also started broadcasting such telenovelas in July 2023. The channel acknowledged that "dubbing of such big series also creates dozens of job opportunities in the Afrikaans TV industry for talent behind the screens and in front of the microphone".[226]

Turkish-Netflix drama, Fatma, was also adapted for South African Netflix as Unseen.[227]

Elsewhere

As of 2016, Turkish soap operas are popular in Ethiopia, through Kana TV where they are dubbed into Amharic.[228]

Besides the original scripts; Korean, American, Japanese, and British adaptations are also common.[229] The original Turkish dramas are mostly based on Turkish classical books. Besides the TV series set in Istanbul, regional dramas about the Black Sea, Aegean and Southeast ("'töre' dizileri") are also common.[230] In addition to broadcasts on television, Turkish series are followed by fans on legal and illegal internet platforms in many different languages.[231][232][233]

Storytelling of Turkish TV series

Recurring elements in Turkish TV series
  • Each episode of Turkish TV series is quite long, unlike European and North American TV series of 45–60 minutes, Turkish TV series are 120–160 minutes long. Therefore, when they are published in abroad, they are published in two parts.
  • Soundtracks are given utmost importance to fill long episode times.
  • Generally, TV series are shot in Istanbul.
  • A season of an average Turkish TV series is around 35-40 episodes. To keep up with the demanding production schedule, new episodes are filmed 6 days a week and crews can work up to 18 hours a day.
  • In Turkish TV series, especially romantic and drama series, the couple in love looks at each other many times or they stare into each other's faces without saying anything for minutes.[234]
  • The leading roles do not die in Turkish TV series. When he dies, it means the series will end.
  • In Turkish TV series about school life, students break all kinds of school rules but they are not expelled from the school. There is always a teacher who understands what they do and approaches them with love.
  • In the summer series, the male lead is handsome, muscular and the holding boss. The girl he loves is clumsy, cute, poor but proud, working in his company. There is also the ex-girlfriend of the Man, who is trying to break things up.
  • Mother-in-law, stepmother, stepfather and ex-lover are bad-tempered people.[235]
  • A person who is seriously ill needs to be treated abroad in order to recover, and this treatment is very expensive.
  • Although normally there are different police units dealing with each crime, in Turkish TV series a single police unit deals with all criminals.
  • In many serials, the image of the Bosphorus is used in the transition between scenes.
  • There is definitely a family that owns a holding and another family that owns a holding that rivals this family.
  • In Turkish TV series, mafia bosses, tycoons and bullies wear suits.
  • In TV series about minorities in the South East of the country, the tribe (aşiret) lives in a mansion and is rich and powerful. In tribal serials, one side is usually in pursuit of honor killing or blood feuds.
  • The poor are proud; the rich are arrogant. Even at home, the rich always appear with the perfect outfit and make-up.
  • The woman working in the kitchen is always funny.
  • The lead male in the series always has a semi-philosophical mentor.

Censorship, bans and Self-Censorship in Turkish TV series

Television channels in Turkey are controlled by the Radio and Television Supreme Council. If RTUK detects that any channel is broadcasting obscene, illegal, disruptive or divisive content, the channel may be fined, suspended, or even closed by canceling the license of the channel. Therefore, TV channels have to pay attention to their content. Punishments are often given because the scene is against the general moral code. Generally, things that are forbidden are either not shown on television or shown by censorship. Often the boundaries of what is immoral are unclear and very personal. Therefore, what deserves punishment and what does not cause controversy. And for this reason, screenwriters have internalized self-censorship. There are complaints as to why the sensitivity to alcohol or sexuality issues is not shown on issues of abuse and violence scenes.[236]

  • Cursing is censored in TV shows. Cursing is either suppressed by the beep or the sound is muted. If the curse is long, the scene may be cut completely.
  • Making love and kissing scenes are a sensitive subject. It is not forbidden to show, but the boundaries are not sharp either.
  • TV series are also shown by censoring alcohol, drugs and cigarettes, and encouraging the use of these substances is prohibited.[237]
  • Homosexual intercourse is a sensitive subject.
  • Blood is also censored in TV series, scenes such as bloody and body dismemberment and extreme violence are prohibited.[238]
  • Insulting and humiliating religion, nation, national values and state administrators is prohibited in TV series.[239]

Strike

In 2010, a season of Turkish TV series was 30 to 35 episodes long. One 90-minute episode took 6 days to make. When TV series are broadcast, the next 3 to 4 episodes were shot concurrently. Actors and workers were on strike. So a Turkish TV series has generally has 2 crew concurrently.[15]

In 2016, a season of Turkish TV series was 35 to 40 episodes long. It is between 120 and 150 minutes in length. Actors and crew members complained.[15]

Each series roughly consists of 40 episodes that last about 130 minutes, which translates into 5,200 hours of domestic TV content broadcast yearly. Demiray commented that as a screenwriter, "it was wonderful until about 10 years ago. Then I had to write a 60-minute episode per week, as opposed to today's 130-plus minutes. It has become a very mechanical and uninteresting process, just a question of keeping the melodrama going."[15]

Cagri Vila Lostuvali, 10 years in the business and four as a director, adds: "To deliver one episode per week our crews work up to 18 hours a day. This job eats up our entire lives."[15]

According to Şükrü Avşar, one of the leading Turkish TV shows producers and director of Avşar Film, some episodes need between 15 and 20 days of work to get satisfying results.[240]

Approximatively 36 episodes of different series are shot each week.

According to actor Yılmaz Erdoğan the length of episodes is the first weakness of the market. Another weakness is that many series do not last long due to the lack of audience. Therefore, Turkish TV series market has not yet reached maturity.

"With the increase of the episodes' duration and consequently the amount of working hours, the industry has lost its most experienced professionals who refuse to work in such conditions. Wages have not grown much either," said Meric.[15]

To get a sense of proportion, it suffices to think about the process of developing a cinema script, which takes about two years and at least seven weeks to shoot 120 minutes of edited footage.[15]

Values shown in Turkish series

For the Balkan region, the reason why Turkish shows became popular was showing lives lived in a healthy balance of Islam, democracy, modernity and traditionalism. They also lack violence and obscene language, as well as having easy-to-follow plots with realistic characters.[241] Tapping into nostalgia for a system of family values that people in the Balkan region have lost.[242]

According to Izzet Pinto, the head of Istanbul-based powerhouse distributor Global Agency; it's the “combination of family-based stories with big talents and directors, and great music” that attract audiences so widely, and Turkish culture as a whole, which he calls both “modern, but at the same time, also very traditional”.[243]

For the Arab world, showing "modern Muslim" life was a remarkable factor. Contrary to showing elements that are not accepted in the region in Western shows, similar social problems are told within acceptable limits in Turkish TV series.[244]

For the Latin America, the reason was similarities in culture, emphasis on family values, family viewing, good-looking people and real picturesque locales.[245]

Brave women who do not keep silent and seek their rights by keeping their dignity are another remarkable element in the series.[246] Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? was a brave story that fought to solve similar problems faced by women all over the world and has been successful in many countries.[247][248]

Criticism

With taboo-breaking scenes that include premarital sex, love triangles and nudity, Turkish TV series have been dubbed as ‘immoral’ by some religious authorities in the Middle East and in some cases, they have even been banned.[249]

Business and finance

Turkish shows began expanding internationally in 1999, but only started to gain popularity in the early 21st century. In order to be able to produce high-quality content and to be competitive with the non-Turkish shows that were gaining traction in Turkey, more money was needed and the financial deficit was made up for through expansion to non-domestic markets.[197] The Turkish government also played a role in motivating international expansion, creating incentive by granting awards and support to the companies that are most effective in exporting worldwide.[197]

In 2017, Turkish TV exports earned 350 million U.S. dollars, officially marking the country as the second largest drama exporter in the world behind the United States.[197][196] According to the Secretary General of the TEA, Bader Arslan, Turkey's yearly income from TV exports will exceed 1 billion U.S. dollars by 2023.[196] Turkish dizis are exported to approximatively 140 countries around the world.

Today, there are about 45 production companies and 150 active film directors in Turkey. Production cost of a series may vary between 78,000 and 520,000 U.S. dollars (for the most famous ones).[250]

See also

References
  1. Jenna Krajeski. "Turkey: Soap Operas and Politics". Pulitzer Center. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  2. Moore, Robbie. "Soap Opera Diplomacy: Turkish TV in Greece". The International. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  3. "Turkey has a star role in more than just TV drama". The National. 8 February 2012. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015.
  4. "Television series enhances Turkey's popularity in Arab world". Xinhua. 9 April 2011. Archived from the original on 12 April 2011.
  5. "The success story of Turkish TV series in Latin America". dailysabah.com. 3 February 2016. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016.
  6. Paris, Julien. "A Geographical Approach Of Creative Industries: The Case Of Tv Production In Istanbul" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2013.
  7. "Turkish 'TV series spring' continues". Hürriyet Daily News. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
  8. "The Heyday of Turkish Content". ttvMediaNews. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013.
  9. "Sektör çalışanlarının gözünden: Türk dizileri neden bu kadar uzun?".
  10. Egemen, Erol. "2000li Yıllara Damga Vurmuş 20 Efsane Yerli Dizi". mynet.com. Archived from the original on 1 June 2016.
  11. "Erkan Petekkaya, Tuba Buyukustun, Kenan Imirzalioglu, Cansu Dere, creatorii propriului miracol! Iata cum au stralucit indragitii actori turci, pe covorul rosu al Galei "Altin Kelebek"!". kanald.ro. 12 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 December 2017.
  12. "Fast Track - Desperate soap star for a day". BBC News. 21 December 2012. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  13. Alzafeeri, Ahmad. "Turkish Soap Opera and Kuwaiti audiences". Aberystwyth University. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012.
  14. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. "Turkish dramas conquer the world". middleeasteye.net. Archived from the original on 17 April 2016.
  16. "Türkiyenin İlk Yerli Dizisini Çeken Halit Refiğ Yaşamını Yitirdi - Televizyon Dizisi". www.televizyondizisi.com. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016.
  17. "Turkserial4u - Watch Free Turkish Series with English subtitles". 24 July 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  18. Celenk, Sevilay. "Aşk-ı Memnu'dan Aşkı Memnu'ya Yerli Dizi Serüvenimiz". academia.edu. Archived from the original on 30 May 2018.
  19. "Türk televizyon tarihinin unutulmaz 50 dizisi". CNN Türk. Archived from the original on 24 May 2016.
  20. "'Yeşilçam Kore'ye Türker İnanoğlu sayesinde gitti'".
  21. "90'larda soluksuz izlediğimiz 30 efsane dizi". Archived from the original on 22 May 2016. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  22. sitesi, milliyet.com.tr Türkiye'nin lider haber (18 June 2012). "Ekranın 'DİZİ DİZİ' romanları". milliyet.com.tr. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016.
  23. Onedio.com. "Dizisi Tutunca Kitabı Basılan 10 Yapım". onedio.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016.
  24. "免费任你躁国语自产在线播放_一女两男3p黑人视频_国产毛片农村妇女系列福利片_最新的黄色网址". Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  25. sitesi, milliyet.com.tr Türkiye'nin lider haber (2 March 2016). "60 DAKİKALIK DİZİ GELİYOR - Sina Koloğlu - Milliyet.com.tr". milliyet.com.tr. Archived from the original on 15 May 2016.
  26. Worth, Robert F. (27 September 2008). "Arab TV Tests Societies' Limits with Depictions of Sex and Equality". The New York Times.
  27. "The Turks Are Back, and They've Got All of Israel Addicted". Haaretz.
  28. "TV Review: 'Game of Silence'". 11 April 2016.
  29. "Michael Offer to Direct ABC Pilot 'Runner'". 3 February 2015.
  30. "Aşk-ı Memnu Emmy ödülüne aday!". 26 October 2014.
  31. "Turkish telenovelas are thriving in Latin America". The Economist.
  32. Medyatava (4 May 2016). "Türk dizisi 'Son' şimdi de Hollanda'da!". Medyatava.
  33. "Zindagi forays into Turkish content with 'Feriha'". 10 September 2015.
  34. "Turkish Television Series in India: Tracing the Alternative Circuits of Transnational Media Flow".
  35. "Turkish TV shows are making us dizzy: Here's why and what to watch for starters".
  36. "'Alba': Un crudo y doloroso retrato de la violación múltiple que por fin les señala a ellos". 28 March 2021.
  37. Laghate, Gaurav (27 February 2017). "Star Plus to reboot afternoon slot with 4 new shows". The Economic Times.
  38. "2021'in en iyi yerli platform dramaları". 31 December 2021.
  39. Port, Sinema (17 June 2021). "Her Bölüm Farklı Oyuncuların Konuk Olacağı Yeni Dijital Dizi: Ölüm Bize Yakışır". Sinema Port. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  40. "TRT'den uluslararası dijital platform geliyor: Tabii". www.ntv.com.tr. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  41. Vivarelli, Nick (9 April 2018). "Turkey Experiences Its Own Wave of Peak TV". Variety. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  42. "Turkey's Best Movies & TV". www.netflix.com.
  43. "Kulüp, ilk haftasında Netflix'in en çok izlenen dizileri arasına girdi". 17 November 2021.
  44. "Netflix'in Türk filmi, dünya sıralamasında birinci oldu!". 26 February 2022.
  45. "Netflix Top 10 - Global". top10.netflix.com. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  46. "Netflix Top 10 - Global".
  47. "Netflix Top 10 - Global".
  48. "Netflix Top 10 - Global".
  49. "Netflix Top 10 - Global".
  50. "Zeytin Ağacı'ndan büyük başarı!". TvDunyasii. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  51. "Netflix Top 10 - Global". top10.netflix.com. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  52. "Netflix Top 10 - Global". top10.netflix.com. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  53. "Netflix Top 10 - Global". Netflix.
  54. "First Look at Turkish Disney+ Original Series 'Kaçış'".
  55. "Dünyayla Benim Aramda İzleyin | Disney+".
  56. "Beren Saat Afgan Kadınlarını Uyarıyor". Dizisifilm. Archived from the original on 26 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  57. "TOLO TV". TOLO TV. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015.
  58. "Dünyada En Çok İzlenen 10 Türk Dizisi". televiziondizisi. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  59. "Türk Dizilerinin En Başarılı Erkek Oyuncuları". Televizyondizizi. 14 August 2015. Archived from the original on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  60. "Türk Dizilerinin En Başarılı Kadın Oyuncuları". televiziondizisi.com. 14 August 2015. Archived from the original on 22 August 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  61. "Türk Dizilerinin En Başarılı Kadın Oyuncuları". televizyongazetesi. Archived from the original on 16 August 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
  62. Zahraa Alkhalisi. "Fox launches TV streaming service with Saudi media group". CNN. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
  63. "Turkish soap operas in the Arab world: social liberation or cultural alienation? - Arab Media & Society". Arab Media & Society. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
  64. "How Turkish TV is taking over the world". The Guardian. 13 September 2019.
  65. "Ortadoğu'da hangi Türk dizileri izlenme rekoru kırıyor?". MedyaFaresi.com. 19 November 2009. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  66. "Arap pazarından $ yağdı - Magazin Haberleri". Gazetevatan.com. 19 November 2009. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  67. ""مشاعر"... مسلسل تونسي جزائري بتقنيات تركية" (in Arabic). Alaraby.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  68. "İyi Günde Kötü Günde'nin Arapça versiyonu çekildi!". 30 August 2021.
  69. "شاهد | أحدث المسلسلات العربية والأفلام والرياضة والمزيد".
  70. "Lebanese escape from economic crisis, pandemic stress with Turkish TV series | Daily Sabah". Daily Sabah. 5 May 2020.
  71. "Türk dizileri bu ramazanda da Lübnan'da en çok izlenenlerin başında geliyor". Aa.com.tr. 20 April 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  72. @TvDunyasii (4 April 2022). "Başrollerinde Burcu Özberk ve Çağlar Ertuğrul'un olduğu #AfiliAşk'ın Cezayir-Tunus ortak yapımı uyarlaması yapıldı.…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  73. "MBC Group to adapt Doctor Foster, signs Turkish drama volume deal". C21Media.
  74. "Tension with Armenia affects airing of TV show". Hurriyetdailynews.com. 23 July 2012. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  75. Center, Armenian Information. "Ժող էտ "Կայարան" սերիալը մի նայեք, լրիիիիվ թուրքական քոփիյա... (Տեսանյութ)". yn.am.
  76. ""Կայարան" հեռուստասերիալը թուրքական սերիալի խայտառակ կրկնօրինակում է. քաղաքացիները դժգոհում են (լուսանկար, տեսանյութ)". past.am. 27 June 2023.
  77. Varduhi Balyan (25 November 2016). "Türkiye dizileri Ermenistan'da zirvede". Agos. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  78. "Deepto TV on top". Dhaka Tribune. 21 January 2016. Archived from the original on 22 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
  79. "Here's Why Zindagi's Feriha Has Taken Over Indian Television!". Desimartini. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
  80. ZINDAGI Channel (31 October 2016), Feriha - New Season Promo, retrieved 22 December 2016
  81. Rishtey Website Promo (13 October 2015), PABBAND ISHQ PROMO 1, retrieved 22 December 2016
  82. Team, Tellychakkar. "Zindagi's launches Turkish blockbuster series Fatmagul". Tellychakkar.com. Archived from the original on 19 October 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  83. "After Pak Show ban, Zindagi Channel to bank on Indian, Turkish content". The Indian Express. 3 October 2016. Archived from the original on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  84. "Star Plus UK to air first Turkish fiction 'Winter Sun' this month". BizAsia | Media, Entertainment, Showbiz, Events and Music. 13 June 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  85. "Turkish Drama Winter Sun set to air on Star India - in the UK". ecchorights.com. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  86. Coutinho, Natasha (22 March 2017). "From Turkey, with a desi twist". Mumbai Mirror. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  87. Laghate, Gaurav (27 February 2017). "Star Plus to reboot afternoon slot with 4 new shows - The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
  88. "India is progressing and we need to show it on TV: Sanjay". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 24 October 2017.
  89. "Popular Turkish drama 1001 Nights to get a Hindi remake titled Katha Ankahee. Details here".
  90. "Katha Ankahee: Is Kathaa's perception of Viaan changing?".
  91. "Iranian officials failing to stop of Turkish TV series". Hurriyetdailynews. 13 October 2011. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
  92. "'Menekşe ile Halil' İsrail'de patladı!". 15 September 2011.
  93. "İsrail'de 'Menekşe ile Halil' çılgınlığı başladı".
  94. "The Turks Are Back, and They've Got All of Israel Addicted". Haaretz.
  95. "Turquía sueña con el amor prohibido". lavanguardia.com.
  96. Kimmelman, Michael (17 June 2010). "Soap Operas in the Arab World Yield Their Own Soft Power". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017.
  97. "Pakistan Hit by Fever of Turkey's Popular Cultural Export". wordpress.com. 16 March 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  98. "Top Six Turkish Dramas (dubbed in Urdu)". gonnabecrazyforyou.blogspot.com. 10 January 2014. Archived from the original on 30 November 2016.
  99. "Mera Sultan: The Most Popular TV Show in Google Trends for Pakistan - Brandsynario". Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
  100. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  101. "Medialogic Pakistan". www.medialogic.com.pk. Archived from the original on 23 October 2007.
  102. AP (26 November 2013). "Some in Pakistan threatened by Turkish TV invasion". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
  103. Yusuf, Huma (10 January 2013). "Trashy Turkish TV Shows Can't Distract Pakistanis From Reality". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  104. "Sayfa Bulunamadı - Haber KKTC". Archived from the original on 28 September 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  105. "Fatih Altaylı - Türk dizileri niye başarılı? - HABERTÜRK". haberturk.com. 18 August 2013. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016.
  106. "Bir kami to'lmagan dunyo (O'zbek serial) | Бир ками тўлмаган дунё (узбек сериал) 128-qism".
  107. "Fi, Güney Kore'de yayınlanan ilk Türk dizisi olacak!". ranini.tv.
  108. "'Kırmızı Oda' Güney Kore'de yayımlanacak". www.cumhuriyet.com.tr. 26 February 2021.
  109. Sinem VURAL (31 August 2012). "Seul’de ödül kazandÄą - Magazin Haberleri". Hurriyet.com.tr. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  110. "Medcezir Kore'den ödülle dönüyor - Son Dakika Magazin Haberleri". Hurriyet.com.tr. 4 August 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  111. "Burak Özçivit Kara Sevda ile Güney Kore'den ödülle dönüyor - Magazin Haberleri". Hurriyet.com.tr. 8 September 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  112. "Engin Akyürek 10. Uluslarası Seul Drama Ödülleri'nde "En İyi Erkek Oyuncu" ödülünü aldı". Haberturk.com. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  113. "Kerem Bürsin ödülü aldı rolü kaptı - Magazin Haberleri". NTV. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  114. "Çarpışma dizisine Kore'den ödül!". 28 August 2019.
  115. Mynet (21 October 2021). "Çukur dizisi 16. Seul Uluslararası Drama Ödülleri'nde Jüri Özel Ödülü'nü kazandı! Aras Bulut İynemli'den videolu mesaj". Mynet.com. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  116. "Seul Uluslararası Drama ödüllerinde Destan ve Mahkum dizilerimiz en iyi dizi seçildi!". 21 September 2022.
  117. "Türk dizisinin büyük başarısı! "Paramparça"ya Endonezya'da büyük ilgi". 6 August 2016.
  118. "Endonezya'da en çok izlenen dizi 'Kırgın Çiçekler'". Sabah.
  119. "SCTV Siapkan Serial Elif Versi Indonesia - ShowBiz". Liputan6.com. 29 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  120. "Malezya Ulusal Kanalı RTM'de yayınlanacak olan ilk Türk dizisi belli oldu: Bu Şehir Arkandan Gelecek".
  121. "Degup cinta cipta sejerah bakal". gempak.com (in Malay). Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  122. @etcerye (31 August 2021). "Love is in the air! Sinurprise ni Demir si Selin sa pamamagitan ng pagsundo niya. #SelDem #EverywhereIGoOnETC Ever…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  123. @trkshdrmfns_ph (23 July 2021). "HERE ARE THE TOP 3 TAGALIZED TURKISH SERIES BY @etcerye ✨ 1 #EndlessLoveOnETC 2 #EverywhereIGoOnETC 3 #HayatOnETC…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  124. "「オスマン帝国外伝～愛と欲望のハレム～」シーズン4｜チャンネル銀河". www.ch-ginga.jp.
  125. "Nippon TV Acquires Turkish Remake of Mother". 26 August 2020.
  126. "International Drama Festival:Foreign Dramas". j-ba.or.jp. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  127. "thời đại hoàng kim tập 101 Phần 3 HTV7 - Video Dailymotion". Dailymotion. 9 April 2016.
  128. "Cesur ve Güzel üç ülkede daha yayına girecek".
  129. "Turks bewitch the Balkans with their addictive tv soaps". Balkan Insights. May 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  130. "Macedonia bans Turkish tv series". Hurriyet Daily News. 15 November 2012. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  131. "New Turkish Slavery?". Christopher Buxton. Archived from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  132. "Turkish soap operas take Bulgaria by storm". Hürriyet Daily News. 13 June 2009. Archived from the original on 25 February 2014.
  133. "Soap power: The sweeping success of Turkish television series". Oxford Business Group. 20 June 2012. Archived from the original on 13 October 2014.
  134. "Retailers cashing in on Croatia´s obsession with Turkish soap". Croatian Times. 30 September 2010. Archived from the original on 4 October 2010. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  135. "Turkish "Soap" Power..." International Strategic Research Organization. Archived from the original on 18 April 2013.
  136. "Απόφαση σταθμός: Τέλος, προς το παρόν, τα τούρκικα σίριαλ στην ελληνική τηλεόραση!". Athens magazine (in Greek). 22 July 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  137. Makris, A. (30 October 2012). "Bishop Anthimos Lashes Turkish tv series Fans". Greekreporter.com. Greek Reporter. Archived from the original on 23 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  138. "Daze of Our Lives". Odyssey.gr. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  139. "Τουρκικές σειρές: Ο χάρτης της ελληνοτουρκικής τηλεοπτικής... υφαλοκρηπίδας". 5 August 2020.
  140. "Yargı'nın Yunanistan uyarlaması Eylül ayında ekranda!".
  141. "Kırmızı Oda'nın Yunanistan uyarlaması Storgi'nin tanıtımı yayınlandı!". Ranini.tv.
  142. "Bir Zamanlar Çukurova'nın Yunanistan uyarlaması reyting rekorları kırıyor". www.dizidoktoru.com. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  143. AUDIENȚE TV. Câți români au văzut primul episod din Vlad? Pro TV, cu peste jumătate de milion mai mult decât Antena 1, Pagina de Media, 26.02.2019
  144. "O Hayat Benim dizisi Romanya'da uyarlanıyor!". Ranini.tv.
  145. "'Aşk-ı Memnu' senaristlerinden Romanya'ya dava". Milliyet. 21 March 2019.
  146. "İçerde dizisi Romanya'ya uyarlanıyor: The Clan".
  147. "Premiere of the Spanish remake of the Fatmagul series Alba". Turkish Series: Teammy. 16 February 2021.
  148. "Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne başlattı, Kadın ve Kızım dizileri İspanya'yı Türk dizisi hayranı yaptı!". 23 June 2021.
  149. "Antena 3 corta el penúltimo capítulo de 'Mujer' a sólo cinco minutos de su final". elespanol. 20 July 2021.
  150. ""Infiel": Volkan, cerca de perder para siempre a Asya". mag.elcomercio. 23 September 2021.
  151. "Caner Cindoruk dizideki karakteri Volkan hakkında konuştu - Son Dakika Magazin Haberleri". CNN TÜRK. 1 October 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  152. "Eşcinsel karakter nedeniyle iptal edilen Türk yapımı Netflix dizisi İspanyol yapımı olarak yayınlanacak". Diken - Yaramazlara Biraz Batar!. 25 August 2021.
  153. "'Heridas', la adaptación de 'Mother', inicia su grabación para Atresmedia". 22 June 2021.
  154. "La adaptación española de the End tiene al fin fecha de estreno". www.todotvnews.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017.
  155. "Kadın, Kızım ve Sadakatsiz dizilerinin İspanya başarısı, Medyapım'a büyük bir ortaklık fırsatı getirdi!". 21 April 2022.
  156. Medyatava (21 April 2022). "Medyapım İspanyol Mediapro ile ortak şirket kurdu". Medyatava.
  157. Yotele, Redacción (8 February 2022). "'Infiel' llega a su final en Turquía: No renueva por una tercera temporada". Superdeporte.
  158. "El final de 'Mi hija' ya tiene fecha en Antena 3". 22 September 2021.
  159. "Çilek Kokusu, 10 Haziran'da İspanya'daki yayınına başlıyor".
  160. "Kaderimin Oyunu ve Bu Şehir Arkandan Gelecek yakında İspanya'da ekrana gelecek".
  161. ""Cherry Season", la nuova soap opera turca da domani su Canale 5 - ImNews". Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  162. "Can Yaman: l'intervista in 100 secondi" – via www.youtube.com.
  163. "Demet Özdemir: l'intervista a Verissimo in 100 secondi" – via www.youtube.com.
  164. "Verissimo - I protagonisti di Cherry Season per la prima volta in Italia" – via www.youtube.com.
  165. "Balotelli ile uyum sağlamak kolay değil". CNN Türk. 24 August 2021.
  166. "Sevgili Geçmiş İtalya'da gönülleri fethetti". 9 July 2020.
  167. ""Cesur ve Güzel" İtalya'da izleyiciyle buluştu". www.dizidoktoru.com/.
  168. "Bir Zamanlar Çukurova, İtalya'da da izleyiciyle buluşacak!".
  169. "Türk dizisi, Rusya'yı fethetti!". Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  170. "Черно-белая любовь". domashniy.ru. 29 August 2021.
  171. "Rusya'da kırmızı-beyaz fırtına esmeye başladı". 3 September 2021.
  172. ""Черная любовь" за кадром: сериал-феномен (ВИДЕО)". 19 August 2021.
  173. "Rus TV Genel Müdürü: Türk dizileri olmadan yapamayız, fakat yeni Türk dizleri de bekliyoruz".
  174. "Tuba Büyüküstün starred in the Russian commercial". 3 August 2021.
  175. Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Сериал "Осколки". 1 серия. 1 сезон". YouTube.
  176. "Rusya ve Ukrayna'da sevilen Türk dizileri". ranini.tv.
  177. "Узнай меня, если сможешь смотреть онлайн, 2014".
  178. "Премьера сериала "На твоей стороне": какие еще знаменитые турецкие сериалы посмотреть".
  179. "Dünyayı kasıp kavuran Türk dizileri Fransa'ya da geldi! "Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?" Fransa'da yayınlanacak". 11 May 2018.
  180. Spin Interactive. "Vivez des émotions fortes sur Novelas TV - Novelas". Novelas.tv. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  181. "Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne Fransa'da en iyi yabancı dizi seçildi".
  182. "Fransa karantinada Türk filmi izliyor: 7. Koğuş'tan Netflix mucizesi". 31 March 2020.
  183. "Sweden's SVT buys hit Turkish drama". TBI Vision. 27 September 2012. Archived from the original on 10 April 2013.
  184. "'The End' of Hollywood". Daily Sabah. 5 April 2013.
  185. "Vlucht HS13: Ambitieuze serie met moeilijk plot". NRC. 26 September 2016.
  186. "TV Review: 'Game of Silence'". 11 April 2016.
  187. "Paula Patton Toplines ABC Pilot 'Runner'". 24 February 2015.
  188. Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "45. Uluslararası Emmy Ödülleri | Kara Sevda En İyi Dizi". YouTube.
  189. "Meet the actor who won Turkey's first Emmy Award for best performance - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East". Al-Monitor: Independent, Trusted Coverage of the Middle East. December 2019.
  190. "Year in Review: The Best International TV Series of 2020". 22 December 2020.
  191. "Alef'e New York'tan 2 ödül". 14 October 2021.
  192. cite web | url=https://bgr.com/entertainment/what-people-are-saying-about-shahmaran-the-turkish-netflix-series-in-the-us-top-10/ | title= Shahmaran: #9 on Netflix in the US}}
  193. "Netflix Top 10 - by Country: United States". Netflix.
  194. "Netflix Top 10 - by Country: United States". Netflix.
  195. "Netflix Top 10 - by Country: United States". Netflix.
  196. Tali, Didem (8 September 2016). "Why do South Americans love Turkish TV?". BBC News. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  197. "Turkish Drama is expanding around the World. How? | Prensario Internacional". Prensario Internacional (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  198. "Hercai Landing on Telemundo in the U.S." worldscreen.com. 14 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  199. "Hercai: Love and revenge premieres in June: Where?". 17 May 2021. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  200. @todotvnews. "Spotlight On: Exathlon, the Ultimate Physical Challenge from Turkey to LatAm". Todotvnews. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  201. "Taner Ölmez, Produ Awards'da 'En İyi Yabancı Erkek Oyuncu' ödülünü aldı!". Ranini.tv.
  202. "Bir Zamanlar Çukurova, Produ Awards'da iki ödül kazandı!". Ranini.tv.
  203. "Mucize Doktor mucizeler yaratmaya devam ediyor! HBO Max'in en çok izlenen dizisi oldu". 21 October 2021.
  204. "Brezilyalılar sırf Sen Çal Kapımı izleyebilmek için HBO Max'e üye oluyor!". April 2022.
  205. @MZ10112 (10 April 2022). "Sen Çal Kapimi took first place in the HBO Max's new top10 in Latin America💎👏🏻👏🏻🌟♥️It won first place ahead of th…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  206. "Animada com sucesso, HBO Max estica Sen Çal Kapimi até novembro". 10 April 2022.
  207. "Sen Cal Kapimi (Será Isso Amor?) the Most Watched List in Latin America!". 26 March 2022.
  208. BERLİN, Murat TOSUN (28 March 2021). "'Binbir Gece', kanalı iflastan kurtardı". www.hurriyet.com.tr.
  209. Varol, Ziyad (3 February 2016). "The success story of Turkish TV series in Latin America". Daily Sabah.
  210. "Brezilya'da ilk kez bir Türk dizisi yayınlanacak".
  211. "6 anos depois: Saiba como estão os atores da novela turca da Band 'Fatmagul' atualmente". 8 January 2016.
  212. "As novelas turcas de Mehmet Akif Alakurt mais esperadas por suas fãs no Brasil". 20 September 2016.
  213. ""Sila" tem melhor primeira semana de novelas turcas na Band". Natelinha.
  214. "SUCESSO! Novela vira fenômeno e conquista o 1º lugar entre os títulos da HBO Max Brasil | CinePOP Cinema". 6 May 2022.
  215. "'Elif' Kolombiya'da en çok izlenen Türk dizisi oldu".
  216. "Arjantin'de 6 Türk dizisi yayınlanıyor; Mucize Doktor rekorla başladı!". T24.
  217. "Kara Para Aşk uyarlaması rekor kırdı!". www.dizidoktoru.com/.
  218. "Meksikalılar Ezel dizisini yeniden çekti: Yago - Sayfa 1". CNN Türk. 7 April 2018.
  219. "Şahsiyet'in Meksika uyarlaması: 'El Asesino Del Olvido'". esquire.
  220. "Gecenin Kraliçesi dizisinin Meksika uyarlaması 18 Ocak'ta başlıyor".
  221. MAG, NOTICIAS (20 June 2021). "The Blacklist: cuál es la verdadera identidad de Red / Raymond Reddington | Temporada 8 | Series de Netflix nnda nnlt | FAMA". Mag. (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  222. "Arşivlenmiş kopya". 25 July 2012. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  223. Vivarelli, Nick (21 May 2021). "Why Turkish Dramas Are Conquering Hispanic Audiences in the U.S. on Univision (EXCLUSIVE)".
  224. Franks, Nico (30 October 2017). "South Africa's ETV takes Turkish drama". C21 Media.
  225. Ferreira, Thinus (7 April 2022). "e.tv to launch new channel that will showcase Turkish telenovelas". News24.
  226. Ferreira, Thinus (15 May 2022). "kykNET adds Afrikaans-dubbed Turkish telenovelas". News24.
  227. "Popular Turkish Netflix Series Adapted to South Africa". 30 March 2023.
  228. "Ethiopia takes delight in watching Turkish Soap Opera". Nazret. 13 November 2016. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
  229. "Yabancı Dizilerden Uyarlandığını Bilmediğiniz en Sevilen 17 Türk Dizisi".
  230. "Televizyon Tarihimizden Töre Dizisi Dönemi de Geçti: Türk Dizilerinin 16 Unutulmaz Ağası".
  231. "Без "Великолепного века": современные сериалы-драмы из Турции". Кино Mail.ru. 3 April 2021.
  232. "Turkish123 | Watch Turkish Series (English Subtitles)". Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  233. "10 Best Sites To Watch Turkish Series With English Subtitles". DigitalCruch. 13 January 2021.
  234. "En Keyifli Yerli Dizileri Bile Bir Anda Katlanılmaz Hale Getirebilen 15 Detay". Archived from the original on 22 September 2020.
  235. "Ekranların en kötü dizi karakterleri".
  236. "TV dizilerinin perde arkası: Sansür ve otosansür" [Behind the scenes of TV series: Censorship and self-censorship]. Deutsche Welle (in Turkish). 5 August 2018.
  237. Çukura alkollü içki cezası
  238. "RTÜK'ten Diriliş Ertuğrul'a ceza". 12 January 2015. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017.
  239. "RTÜK'ten vatandaşların şikayet ettiği dizilere ceza". 17 February 2020. Archived from the original on 21 April 2020.
  240. Dizi Ekonomisi, from Sokagin Ekonomisi, broadcast on Turkish television channel NTV in 2016.
  241. "Much-loved Soaps Polish Turkey's Image in Balkans".
  242. "Turks Bewitch the Balkans with Their Addictive Soaps". May 2013.
  243. "What's behind the meteoric rise of Turkish dramas in the Middle East".
  244. "The rise of Turkish soap power". BBC News. 27 June 2013.
  245. "An unlikely story: Why do South Americans love Turkish TV?". BBC News. 7 September 2016.
  246. "Powerful Turkish series highlights how strong women fight abuse". Daily Sabah. 27 April 2021.
  247. "Challenge of the Turkish soap operas". April 2012.
  248. https://www.latercera.com/noticia/entretencion/2014/12/661-610748-9-rating-2014-el-ano-que-privilegio-a-mega.shtml
  249. "Turkish TV - a device for social change in the Arab world?". 29 June 2012.
  250. Dizi Ekonomisi(Sokağın Ekonomisi, NTV, 2016);
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.