Turks in Poland

Turks in Poland
Total population
	2500 (2023 estimate from the Turkish Govt.)[1]
Regions with significant populations
	Warsaw; Poznań; Gdańsk; Łódź;
Languages
	Turkish; Polish;
Religion
	Sunni Islam; irreligious; Roman Catholicism;

Turks in Poland (Turkish: Polonya'daki Türkler) are people of Turkish ethnicity living in Poland who form one of the country's smaller minority groups.

A Turkish Kebab shop in Łódź

Demographics

There is little coherent statistical data regarding their numbers. The majority of these Turks live in Warsaw and Łódź but there are also Turkish communities in Gdańsk, Poznań, Kraków, and Wrocław, and students in small cities like Lublin or Krosno.[2][3]

Many Turks in Poland are entrepreneurs and investors.[2]

Naturalization

Naturalization of Turkish citizens:[4]
Year	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006
Persons	8	8	4	15	1	5	11	19	36

Notable people

Feridun Erol, film director and screenwriter (Turkish father)
Jakub Erol, graphic artist (Turkish father)
Maria Aurora of Spiegel, Ottoman Turkish mistress of Augustus II the Strong[5]
- children:
- Frederick Augustus Rutowsky, commanded Saxon forces in the Siege of Pirna (Turkish mother)[6]
- Maria Anna Katharina Rutowska, noblewoman (Turkish mother)
Teuvo Tulio, film director (Turkish-Polish father)

Bibliography

Koryś, Izabela; Żuchaj, Olimpia (2000), Turkish Migratory Flows To Poland: General Description, Institute for Social Studies University of Warsaw.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2008), International Migration Outlook: SOPEMI 2008, OECD Publishing, ISBN 92-64-04565-1.
United Nations Human Settlements Programme (2004), The State of The World's Cities 2004/2005: Globalization and Urban Culture, Earthscan, ISBN 1-84407-160-X.

References

"Relations between Türkiye and Poland". www.mfa.gov.tr. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2023-03-17. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
United Nations Human Settlements Programme 2004, 95.
Pędziwiatr, K. (2014) Turkish Community in Poland: from Textile Vendors to Top Managers. In: Kujawa, K., eds Polish-Turkish Foreign Policy: 600 Years of Bilateral Relations”, Çanakkale University Publishing House
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2008, 361.
Wilson, Peter (2002), German Armies: War and German Society, 1648-1806, Routledge, p. 86, ISBN 978-1135370534
Killy, Walther; Vierhaus, Rudolf (2011), "Rutowsky", Dictionary of German Biography, vol. 8, Walter de Gruyter, p. 509, ISBN 978-3110966305, As the illegitimate son of King Augustus II of Poland and Elector of Saxony (Frederick Augustus I) and a Turkish woman who later became Frau von Spiegel R. was educated at Parisian and Sardinian courts.

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[1] "Relations between Türkiye and Poland". www.mfa.gov.tr. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2023-03-17. Retrieved 31 May 2023.

[UnitedNations-2] United Nations Human Settlements Programme 2004, 95.

[3] Pędziwiatr, K. (2014) Turkish Community in Poland: from Textile Vendors to Top Managers. In: Kujawa, K., eds Polish-Turkish Foreign Policy: 600 Years of Bilateral Relations”, Çanakkale University Publishing House

[4] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2008, 361.

[Wilson2002-5] Wilson, Peter (2002), German Armies: War and German Society, 1648-1806, Routledge, p. 86, ISBN 978-1135370534

[Killy-6] Killy, Walther; Vierhaus, Rudolf (2011), "Rutowsky", Dictionary of German Biography, vol. 8, Walter de Gruyter, p. 509, ISBN 978-3110966305, As the illegitimate son of King Augustus II of Poland and Elector of Saxony (Frederick Augustus I) and a Turkish woman who later became Frau von Spiegel R. was educated at Parisian and Sardinian courts.