Tyra of Denmark

Tyra of Denmark (Tyri Haraldsdatter, Thyri and Thyra) was a 10th-century Danish princess. She was the spouse of both King Olav I of Norway and of Styrbjörn Starke, prince of Sweden.[1]

This article is about the medieval princess. For her namesake, the daughter of Christian IX of Denmark, see Princess Thyra of Denmark. For the daughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark, see Princess Thyra of Denmark (1880–1945).
Olaf offers angelica stalks to Tyra as she weeps and scolds him for not daring to retrieve her dowry from Sweyn Forkbeard (1899)

Tyra was daughter of the Danish king Harald Bluetooth and thus a sister to King Sweyn Forkbeard. She was first married to the Swedish prince and throne claimant Styrbjörn Starke (Styrbjörn the Strong), son of King Olof Björnsson. However Styrbjörn Starke died in the Battle of Fýrisvellir (986) near Uppsala fighting with his uncle King Eric the Victorious for the throne of Sweden.[2][3]

According to Snorri Sturluson, she was next betrothed to the Wendish king Burislav, as part of a Danish-Wendic peace agreement negotiated by King Sweyn Forkbeard. As part of the agreement, Sweyn married Gunhild of Wenden who was the sister of Burislav. However, after her hunger strike, Burislav sent her back to Denmark.

She subsequently arranged to have herself married to Olaf Tryggvason, King of Norway, to the displeasure of her brother Sweyn. When Olaf married her, Sweyn refused to pay her promised dowry. Olaf subsequently set out for Wendland to seek allies for a war on Denmark. On the way Olaf was ambushed by Sweyn and an alliance which included Olof Skötkonung, King of Sweden, and Eirik Hákonarson, Jarl of Lade. The resulting Battle of Svolder ended in the death of the Norwegian king (c. 1000). According to legend, Queen Tyra subsequently committed suicide by starvation after receiving news of her husband's death at the battle.[4]

References
  1. "Tyra Haraldsdatter". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  2. Claus Krag. "Tyra Haraldsdatter, Dronning". Norsk biografisk leksikon. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  3. "Styrbjörn Starke". tacitus.nu. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  4. Claus Krag. "Olav 1 Tryggvason, Konge". Norsk biografisk leksikon. Retrieved May 25, 2016.

Other sources
  • Alf Henrikson: Dansk historia (Danish history) (1989) (in Swedish)
  • Sven Rosborn: När hände vad i Nordens historia (When did what happen in the history of the Nordic countries) (1997) (in Swedish)
  • Åke Ohlmarks: FornNordiskt Lexikon (Ancient Nordic dictionary) (1994) (in Swedish)
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