Umm al-Tut

Umm al-Tut (Arabic: ام التوت, romanized: ām āltwt, literally "mum-berries") is a Palestinian village in the West Bank, located 6 km southeast of the city of Jenin in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 1,003 inhabitants in mid-year 2006 and 1,194 by 2017.[1][4]

Umm al-Tut
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicام التوت
Umm al-Tut is located in State of Palestine
Umm al-Tut
Umm al-Tut
Location of Umm al-Tut within Palestine
Coordinates: 32°25′56″N 35°20′40″E
Palestine grid182/204
StateState of Palestine
GovernorateJenin
Government
 • TypeVillage council
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • Total1,194
Name meaning"The place with the mulberries"[2]
"The mother of all strawberries"[3]

History

In 1517 Umm al-Tut was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire with the rest of Palestine. During the 16th and 17th centuries, it belonged to the Turabay Emirate (1517-1683), which encompassed also the Jezreel Valley, Haifa, Jenin, Beit She'an Valley, northern Jabal Nablus, Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe, and the northern part of the Sharon plain.[5][6]

In 1870, Umm al-Tut, called Oumm et-Toutah, situated south of Deir Abu Da'if, was one of the villages Victor Guérin noted from Faqqua.[7]

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described the village as resembling El Mughair, and that it stood "amongst dense thickets on the north and west, and has open plough-land on the south."[8]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Umm al-Tut had a population 94 Muslims,[9] increasing in the 1931 census to 129 Muslims, in a total of 24 houses.[10]

In 1945 statistics the population was 170 Muslims,[11] with 4,876 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[12] Of this, 132 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 1,705 dunams were for cereals,[13] while a total of 6 dunams were built-up, urban land.[14]

Jordanian era

Following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and the subsequent 1949 Armistice Agreements, Umm al-Tut came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 266 inhabitants in Um Tut.[15]

Post-1967

Since the 1967 Six-Day War Umm al-Tut has been under Israeli occupation.

The village is a major center of natural resources, nearby villages use 10% of Umm al-Tut's abundant surplus of fuel wood and also rely on Umm al-Tut's many pastures to raise their livestock.[16] Because of this, Umm al-Tut is under notably ample pressure due to increases in illegal/unauthorized grazing, logging, hunting, and waste disposal, as well as unlawful seizures of property by neighboring villages to convert into agricultural stock.[16]

References
  1. Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 (PDF). Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) (Report). State of Palestine. February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  2. Palmer, 1881, p. 170
  3. Haaretz
  4. Projected Mid -Year Population for Jenin Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Archived 2008-09-20 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  5. al-Bakhīt, Muḥammad ʻAdnān; al-Ḥamūd, Nūfān Rajā (1989). "Daftar mufaṣṣal nāḥiyat Marj Banī ʻĀmir wa-tawābiʻihā wa-lawāḥiqihā allatī kānat fī taṣarruf al-Amīr Ṭarah Bāy sanat 945 ah". www.worldcat.org. Amman: Jordanian University. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 2023-05-15.
  6. Marom, Roy; Marom, Tepper; Adams, Matthew, J. "Lajjun: Forgotten Provincial Capital in Ottoman Palestine". Levant. doi:10.1080/00758914.2023.2202484.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. Guérin, 1874, p. 336
  8. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 82
  9. Barron, 1923, Table V, Sub-district of Jenin, p. 29
  10. Mills, 1932, p. 71
  11. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 17
  12. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 55
  13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 100
  14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 150
  15. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 25
  16. "About Umm at-Tut | Mahmiyat.ps".

Bibliography
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