1794–95 United States House of Representatives elections

During this period, each state fixed its own date for a congressional general election. Elections took place both in the even-numbered year before and in the odd-numbered year when a Congress convened. In some states, the congressional delegation was not elected until after the legal start of the Congress (on the 4th day of March in the odd-numbered year).

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic- Republican (formerly Anti-Administration)		Federalist (formerly Pro-Administration)
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Connecticut	At-large	September 15, 1794	7	0		7
Delaware	At-large	October 5, 1794	1	1	1	0	1
Georgia	At-large	October 6, 1794	2	2		0
Maryland	Districts	October 6, 1794	8	4		4
Massachusetts	Districts	November 3, 1794[lower-alpha 4]	14	4	1	10	1
New Hampshire	At-large	August 25, 1794[lower-alpha 5]	4	1		3
New Jersey	At-large	December 30, 1794	5	0		5
New York	Districts	December 12, 1794	10	6	3	4	3
Pennsylvania	Districts	October 14, 1794	13	9	1	4	1
Rhode Island	At-large	August 26, 1794	2	0		2
South Carolina	Districts	October 14, 1794	6	4	1	2	1
Vermont	Districts	December 30, 1794[lower-alpha 6]	2	1	1	1	1
North Carolina	Districts	February 13, 1795	10	9		1
Late elections (After the March 4, 1795 beginning of the next term)
Virginia	Districts	March 16, 1795	19	17	2	2	2
Kentucky	Districts	September 5, 1795	2	2		0
Total[lower-alpha 3]			105	58 55.2%	6	47 44.8%	4

There were special and late elections to the 3rd and 4th Congresses in 1794 and 1795.

Only two candidates are recorded for Delaware's congressional election in 1794, suggesting that the voting procedure in place for the first three Congresses for two candidates had been changed.

Massachusetts redistricted between the 3rd and 4th Congress, dividing itself into 14 districts. The 12th-14th districts were in the District of Maine (the modern State of Maine). A majority was required for election. Additional ballots were required in five districts due to the majority requirement not being met on the first ballot.

Under New Hampshire's electoral laws, a majority of voters (12.5% of votes) was required for election. Only three candidates achieved a majority, and so a run-off election was held for the fourth seat.

New York's districts were not numbered at the time, but were later numbered retroactively.

Pennsylvania once again divided itself into districts instead of electing representatives at-large, as it had for the 3rd Congress. The state divided intself into 12 districts, one of which (the 4th) had two seats. Pennsylvania would continue to use one or more plural districts until 1842.

Electoral data are only available for the 1st and 5th district of South Carolina's 6 districts at the time of the elections of 1794.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1	William L. Smith	Pro-Administration	1788	Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist.	▌Y William L. Smith (Federalist) 51.7% ▌John Rutledge, Jr. (Federalist) 37.3% ▌Thomas Tucker 11.0%
South Carolina 2	New seat			New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. Successor declined to serve and a special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy, electing Wade Hampton (Democratic-Republican).	▌Y Robert Barnwell[lower-alpha 8]
South Carolina 3	Lemuel Benton	Anti-Administration	1793	Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican.	▌Y Lemuel Benton (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 8]
South Carolina 4	Richard Winn	Anti-Administration	1793	Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican.	▌Y Richard Winn (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 8]
South Carolina 5	Alexander Gillon	Anti-Administration	1793	Incumbent died October 6, 1794. New member elected. Federalist gain. Successor also elected to finish the term, see above.	▌Y Robert Goodloe Harper (Federalist) 58.3% ▌John Hunter (Democratic-Republican) 41.7%
	John Hunter (Moved from the 2nd district)	Anti-Administration	1793	Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Administration loss.
South Carolina 6	Andrew Pickens	Anti-Administration	1793	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain.	▌Y Samuel Earle (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 8]

Representative-elect Barnwell of the 2nd district declined to serve. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy, electing Wade Hampton (Democratic-Republican).

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Vermont law required a majority for election to Congress, with a second election to be held if the first did not return a majority. Run-off elections were required in both districts.

• 1794 United States elections
  • List of United States House of Representatives elections (1789–1822)
  • 1794–95 United States Senate elections
• 3rd United States Congress
• 4th United States Congress

• "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)