Urošica

Urošica (Serbian Cyrillic: Урошица[a]; fl. 1285 – before 1316) was a Serbian prince and Orthodox monk, a member of the Nemanjić dynasty. He was the younger son of Stefan Dragutin, King of Serbia 1272–1282 and Syrmia 1282–1316. Dragutin kept Syrmia after passing the rule to Stefan Milutin in 1282. Through mother Catherine of the Hungarian Árpád dynasty, the elder son Stefan Vladislav II was the Duke of Slavonia from 1292 and the King of Syrmia from 1316 until 1325. Urošica took monastic vows as Stefan (Стефан), and is venerated as a saint by the Serbian Orthodox Church on November 11 [O.S. November 24].

Saint

Urošica
Fresco in the Visoki Dečani monastery
Native name
Стефан Урошица Немањић
ChurchSerbian Orthodox
Personal details
Bornbefore 1285
Diedbefore 1316[1]
BuriedSaint Achillius Church, Arilje (Serbia)
NationalitySerb
DenominationEastern Christianity
ParentsStefan Dragutin and Catherine of Hungary
Coat of armsUrošica's coat of arms
Sainthood
Feast dayNovember 11 [O.S. November 24]
Canonizedbefore 1378
by Serbian Orthodox Church

Life

Family and political background

Urošica was the youngest of three children of Serbian King Stefan Dragutin and Catherine, a Hungarian princess.[2]

There is a theory that Urošica and Urošic are two people.[3][4]

Dragutin ruled from 1276 until he broke his leg while hunting and became ill in 1282, when the rule was passed to Dragutin's younger brother Stefan Milutin, while Dragutin kept Syrmia as King (1282–1316).

Ladislaus IV died in 1290 leaving no sons, and a civil war between rival candidates Andrew III of Hungary, and Charles Martel of Anjou started.[5] Through mother Catherine of the Hungarian Árpád dynasty, brother Stefan Vladislav II received the duchy of Slavonia in 1292.[6] In 1293, Vladislav married Constanza Morosini, a relative of Andrew III on his maternal side.[6] Charles Martel was supported by Croatian nobleman Paul I Šubić of Bribir, who received the right to Gvozd and Neretva rivers after Charles had managed to assert his rule over parts of Croatia.

His sister Elizabeth married, some time after 1283, Stephen I, Ban of Bosnia (1287–1314), also a Hungarian vassal.[2]

Monastic life

He took monastic vows with the name Stefan, a tradition of the Nemanjić dynasty.[a] The Tavna Monastery on Majevica in Bosnia is thought to be the endowment of Urošica and his brother Vladislav. Some sources claim that the Papraća Monastery located by the Spreča river under the Borogovo mountain was an endowment of the brothers and their father Dragutin.

He died young as a monk sometime before 1316,[b] and was buried in the Saint Achillius Church in Arilje (Serbia), the endowment of his father Dragutin (the church was painted in 1296[7]). According to legend his relics were Myrrh-streaming, thus the Serbian Orthodox Church proclaimed him a saint, venerating him on November 11 [O.S. November 24].[8] Frescoes of him exist at Gračanica, Peć, Visoki Dečani, and Arilje in the narthex on the northern wall.[4][9] None of the frescoes include the title "Saint".[4]

In 1311, Dragutin launched a campaign to seize the throne to his son; this is thought to have meant Vladislav (although Archbishop Danilo II said Urošic was the possible heir).[10]

Ancestry

Annotations
  1. ^
    Name: His given name was Urošica or Urošic (Урошиц/a), a diminutive of the name Uroš (with suffix -ica, literally "Little Uroš",[11] after grandfather Stephen Uroš I of Serbia). He took monastic vows with the name Stefan; a tradition of the Nemanjić dynasty used since Stefan Nemanja until the last ruler.[12][13] He was proclaimed a saint by the Serbian Church, and is referred to as "Saint Urošica" (Св. Урошица).[8]

References
  1. Stanojević 1925, p. 47
    Sinovi Uroševi bijahu: Dragutin (kralj srpski 1276 do 1282, srijemski 1284—1316) i Milutin (kralj 1282—1321), Dragutinovi sinovi su Urošic ( — prije 1316) i Vladislav (kraljevski pretendent 1321—1324). Njihova linija izumrla je ili se izgubila.
  2. Mileusnić 2000, p. 64
    Кад је стасао за же- нидбу венчао се са Кателином (Катлин), кћерком угарског краља Сте- Љана V, са којом је имао синове Владислава и Урошица, и кћер Јелену (Јелисавету) која се 1284. године удала за босанског бана ...
  3. Yugoslav National Committee for Historical Studies 1955, p. 140
    O jednoj genealoskoj pogresci: Urosic nije Urosica — IP, 2, 19.54, p. 61 — 62). L'auteur montre comment Urošic, fils de Dra- gutin, a été identifié par erreur avec Urosica, puis il analyse à nouveau les sources selon lesquelles Urosic se fait moine sous ...
  4. Pavlović 1965, pp. 235–237
    p. 235: [...] p. 236: ту се помигье гроб Урошица. Да ли ]'е он овде или на другом месту, не зна се. Поред ]ужне фасаде цркве данас се налази ]едан такоЬе празан саркофаг, ко]и ]е премештен (сл. 24). Где ]е он првобитно поставлен и са чидим телом [...] p. 237: Фресколик Урошица налази се у „лози Немањића" у Грача- ници, Пећи, Дечанима, а у Ариљу у припрати на северном зиду. На њима се не налази натпис са називом „свети".
  5. Fine 1994, pp. 207–208
  6. Младен Лесковац; Александар Форишковић; Чедомир Попов (2004). Српски биографски речник: Volume 2. Будућност. p. 245. Отац је право наслеђа настојао сачувати за старијег сина Урошица. Преко мајке Влади- слав је био повезан са угарском династијом, те је 1 292. добио наследно херцештво Славонију. Сле- деће године склопљен је брачни ...
  7. Kovačević, Jovan (1953). Srednjovekovna nošnja balkanskih slovena: studija iz istorije srednjovekovne kulture Balkana. Naučna knjiga. p. 37. Портрети Владислава и Урошица, по Св. Радојчићу, радила је друга рука. Црква је живописана 1296 год.
  8. Srpska pravoslavna crkva. Sveti arhijerejski sinod, p. 55
    Урошица (Св. Урошица, кнез српски)
  9. Fondation Byzantine 2002, p. 465
  10. Vásáry 2005, pp. 110; Јеротић 2002, p. 12
    краља Милутина напао брат Драгутин да би отео престо за сина Урошица
  11. Jugoslavenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti 1971, p. 820
    UROšIC, m. dem. od Uroš; mali, mladi, Uroš. Be bo vfazdviglb se bratb tomu (t. j. kra- \u Vrošu) Stefanb kralb . . . hote vbzbmb pre- stolb jego dati »ynu svojemu Urošicu. Danilo 357. Rodi že i syna dva (Slefan kra\) Vladisla- va krala i Uroiica.
  12. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti 1959, p. 203
  13. Maguire 2004, pp. 61–62

Sources
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