V538 Carinae

V538 Carinae
	; A light curve for V538 Carinae, plotted from Hipparcos data[1]
Observation data; Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0
Constellation	Carina
Right ascension	11h 20m 06.2287s[2]
Declination	−65° 15′ 07.134″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)	7.7 - 9.2[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage	Red supergiant or AGB
Spectral type	M3 II[4] or M3.8 Ib[5]
Variable type	SRb[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: −6.197[2] mas/yr ; Dec.: 0.522[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)	0.1665 ± 0.0546 mas[2]
Distance	approx. 20,000 ly ; (approx. 6,000 pc)
Details
Radius	580[6][lower-alpha 1] - 2,264?[7] R☉
Luminosity	30,600[6] L☉
Temperature	3,302[2] K
Other designations
	V538 Carinae, HD 98658, HIP 55355
Database references
SIMBAD	data

V538 Carinae is a variable star in the constellation of Carina, and a possible red supergiant. If this star replaced the Sun in the Solar System, its photosphere would at least engulf the orbit of Mars.

Properties

V538 Carinae has a measured angular diameter of 3.4 mas.[8] Its distance is uncertain. At the Hipparcos distance of 1.33+5.81
−0.59 kpc, this corresponds to a radius of 580 R_☉,[6] but at the distance implied by its Gaia Data Release 2 parallax, the radius would be around 1,900 R_☉.[8] Calculations based on the Gaia DR2 parallax with temperatures and bolometric corrections inferred from Gaia colours give an even larger radius above 2,200 R_☉.[7]

Some studies suggest that this star is a luminous AGB star and a long-period variable, instead of a supergiant.[9] It is classified in the General Catalogue of Variable Stars as a semiregular variable star of type SRb, indicating a cool pulsating giant star, with a possible period of 655 days. Its brightness varies between extremes of magnitude 7.7 and 9.2.[3]

Notes

Applying the Stefan-Boltzmann Law with a nominal solar effective temperature of 5,772 K:
${\sqrt {\left({\frac {5772}{3171}}\right)^{4}\cdot 30,595.30}}\approx 579.55\ R_{\odot }$

References

"Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/gcvs. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
Pickles, A.; Depagne, É. (2010). "All-Sky Spectrally Matched UBVRI - ZY and u^′ g^′ r^′ i^′ z^′ Magnitudes for Stars in the Tycho2 Catalog". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 122 (898): 1437. arXiv:1011.2020. Bibcode:2010PASP..122.1437P. doi:10.1086/657947. S2CID 54678796.
Skiff, B. A. (2014). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014). 1. Bibcode:2014yCat....1.2023S.
McDonald, I.; Zijlstra, A. A.; Boyer, M. L. (2012). "Fundamental Parameters and Infrared Excesses of Hipparcos Stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 427 (1): 343–57. arXiv:1208.2037. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.427..343M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x. S2CID 118665352.
Stassun, Keivan G.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Paegert, Martin; Torres, Guillermo; Pepper, Joshua; Lee, Nathan De; Collins, Kevin; Latham, David W.; Muirhead, Philip S.; Chittidi, Jay; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara (2019-09-09). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467. hdl:1721.1/124721. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 166227927.
Cruzalèbes, P.; Petrov, R. G.; Robbe-Dubois, S.; Varga, J.; Burtscher, L.; Allouche, F.; Berio, P.; Hofmann, K. H.; Hron, J.; Jaffe, W.; Lagarde, S.; Lopez, B.; Matter, A.; Meilland, A.; Meisenheimer, K.; Millour, F.; Schertl, D. (2019). "A catalogue of stellar diameters and fluxes for mid-infrared interferometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 490 (3): 3158–3176. arXiv:1910.00542. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.3158C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2803. S2CID 203610229.
Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.

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[radius-7] Applying the Stefan-Boltzmann Law with a nominal solar effective temperature of 5,772 K:
${\sqrt {\left({\frac {5772}{3171}}\right)^{4}\cdot 30,595.30}}\approx 579.55\ R_{\odot }$

[HipDataAccess-1] "Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.

[dr2-2] Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.

[gcvs-3] Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/gcvs. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.

[4] Pickles, A.; Depagne, É. (2010). "All-Sky Spectrally Matched UBVRI - ZY and u^′ g^′ r^′ i^′ z^′ Magnitudes for Stars in the Tycho2 Catalog". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 122 (898): 1437. arXiv:1011.2020. Bibcode:2010PASP..122.1437P. doi:10.1086/657947. S2CID 54678796.

[skiff-5] Skiff, B. A. (2014). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014). 1. Bibcode:2014yCat....1.2023S.

[Mcdonald2012-6] McDonald, I.; Zijlstra, A. A.; Boyer, M. L. (2012). "Fundamental Parameters and Infrared Excesses of Hipparcos Stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 427 (1): 343–57. arXiv:1208.2037. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.427..343M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x. S2CID 118665352.

[tess-8] Stassun, Keivan G.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Paegert, Martin; Torres, Guillermo; Pepper, Joshua; Lee, Nathan De; Collins, Kevin; Latham, David W.; Muirhead, Philip S.; Chittidi, Jay; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara (2019-09-09). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467. hdl:1721.1/124721. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 166227927.

[cruzalebes-9] Cruzalèbes, P.; Petrov, R. G.; Robbe-Dubois, S.; Varga, J.; Burtscher, L.; Allouche, F.; Berio, P.; Hofmann, K. H.; Hron, J.; Jaffe, W.; Lagarde, S.; Lopez, B.; Matter, A.; Meilland, A.; Meisenheimer, K.; Millour, F.; Schertl, D. (2019). "A catalogue of stellar diameters and fluxes for mid-infrared interferometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 490 (3): 3158–3176. arXiv:1910.00542. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.3158C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2803. S2CID 203610229.

[10] Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.