Varden Tsulukidze

Born into the old House of Tsulukidze, Varden served in the Imperial Russian Army and was promoted to the rank of major general in World War I where he fought against the Ottoman Empire during the Caucasus campaign. He then commanded a brigade in the newly independent Democratic Republic of Georgia. After the country's fall to the Soviets in 1921, he became one of the leaders of an underground independence movement. On 19 May 1923, Tsulukidze was arrested by the Cheka along with his associates and executed at the outskirts of Tbilisi.[1][2]