Virginia's 10th congressional district

Virginia's 10th congressional district
Virginia's 10th congressional district
	Interactive map of district boundaries since 2023
Representative
	Jennifer Wexton; D–Leesburg
Distribution	85.53% urban[1]; 14.47% rural;
Population (2022)	805,988[2]
Median household; income	$152,685[2]
Ethnicity	61.94% White; 14.02% Hispanic; 13.85% Asian; 6.65% Black; 0.49% Native American;
Cook PVI	D+6[3]

Virginia's 10th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is currently represented by Democrat Jennifer Wexton, who was first elected in 2018.

Virginia's 10th congressional district from January 3, 2023

The district includes all of Rappahannock County, Fauquier County, and Loudoun County, parts of Fairfax County and Prince William County, as well as the independent cities of Manassas and Manassas Park. The district closely matches Virginia's voting patterns in statewide races with nearly identical margins as the final statewide results.

Beginning when it was re-created in 1952, the 10th district was in Republican hands for 60 of 66 years, including long stints in office by Joel Broyhill (1953–74) and Frank Wolf (1981–2014). Barbara Comstock, a former aide to Wolf, succeeded him after the 2014 election.[4] Wexton defeated Comstock in the 2018 midterms, becoming only the second Democrat to win it.

The modern 10th congressional district was formed in 1952. For the next two decades, it consisted of Arlington, Alexandria, and most of Fairfax County. As a result of redistricting following the 1970 census, it lost Alexandria and was pushed westward to take in Loudoun County. Virginia's 10th congressional district used to be a Republican stronghold, having once voted by double-digit margins for Republican candidates. In 2000, ten-term incumbent Republican Congressman Frank Wolf won over 80% of the vote and did not face a Democratic opponent. Two years later, Wolf defeated his Democratic challenger John Stevens by 43 points. In 2004, President George W. Bush won the district by 11 points. In recent years, the district has become much friendlier to Democrats due to population growth in the Washington, D.C. suburbs. In 2012, Mitt Romney narrowly carried the district by a point, while in 2016, Hillary Clinton won the district by 10 points.

In 2017, Democrats scored major gains in the state legislative elections, leaving Comstock as the only elected Republican above the county level in much of the district. Ralph Northam also easily carried the district in the gubernatorial race. This proved to be a precursor to Comstock's defeat by Wexton a year later. As of 2022, VA-10 is the third-wealthiest Congressional district in the country, with a median household income of $140,889.[5]

Demographics

According to Larry Sabato's Crystal Ball, this district has many "wealthy and highly-educated voters" as of 14 April 2016.[6] Specifically, whites represent about 61% of the population, and immigrants (largely Hispanic and Asian) represent over 20%. Just over half of adults hold at least a four-year college degree. The median income is $120,384.[7]

The 10th district has 35,500 federal workers. By comparison, the 1st district has 46,900; the 11th has 51,900; and the 8th has 81,100.[8] The eastern part of the district is home to Dulles Airport and technology, telecom and aerospace companies including Verizon Business Global LLC and Aeronautical Systems Inc.[9]

Election results from statewide races

Election results from statewide races
Year	Office	Results
1992	President	Bush 50%–33%[10]
1996	President	Dole 54%–38%
1996	Senator	Warner 60%–40%
1997	Governor	Gilmore 62%–37%
	Lieutenant Governor	Hager 59%–37%
	Attorney General	Earley 62%–38%
2000	President	Bush 56%–41%[11]
2000	Senator	Allen 59%–41%
2001	Governor	Earley 54%–45%
	Lieutenant Governor	Katzen 57%–41%
	Attorney General	Kilgore 65%–35%
2004	President	Bush 55%–44%[11]
2008	President	Obama 51%–48%[12]
2012	President	Romney 50%–49%[13]
2013	Governor	Cuccinelli 48%–47%–5%[14]
	Lieutenant Governor	Northam 52%–48%[15]
	Attorney General	Obenshain 50%–50%[16]
2014	Senator	Gillespie 52%–46%[17]
2016	President	Clinton 52%–42%[18]
2017	Governor	Northam 57%–43%[19]
2017	Lieutenant Governor	Fairfax 54%–46%
2018	Senator	Kaine 60%–38%[20]
2020	President	Biden 58%–39%[21]
2021	Governor	McAuliffe 52%–47%

Recent election results

1970s

1970 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joel T. Broyhill (Incumbent)	67,468	54.53
	Democratic	Harold O. Miller	56,255	45.47
Total votes			123,723	100.00
	Republican hold

1972 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[23]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joel T. Broyhill (Incumbent)	101,138	56.26
	Democratic	Harold O. Miller	78,638	43.74
	Write-ins		2	<0.01
Total votes			179,778	100.00
	Republican hold

1974 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[24]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joseph L. Fisher	67,184	53.62
	Republican	Joel T. Broyhill (Incumbent)	56,649	45.21
	Independent	Francis J. Speh	1,465	1.17
	Write-ins		6	<0.01
Total votes			125,304	100.00
	Democratic gain from Republican

1976 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[25]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joseph L. Fisher (Incumbent)	103,689	54.72
	Republican	Vincent F. Callahan Jr.	73,616	38.85
	Independent	E. Stanley Rittenhouse	12,124	6.40
	Write-ins		60	0.03
Total votes			189,489	100.00
	Democratic hold

1978 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[26]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joseph L. Fisher (Incumbent)	70,892	53.35
	Republican	Frank Wolf	61,981	46.64
	Write-ins		9	0.01
Total votes			132,882	100.00
	Democratic hold

1980s

1980 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[27]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf	110,840	51.14
	Democratic	Joseph L. Fisher (Incumbent)	105,883	48.85
	Write-ins		21	0.01
Total votes			216,744	100.00
	Republican gain from Democratic

1982 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[28]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	86,506	52.74
	Democratic	Ira M. Lechner	75,361	45.94
	Independent	Scott R. Bowden	2,162	1.32
	Write-ins		6	<0.01
Total votes			164,035	100.00
	Republican hold

1984 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[29]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	158,528	62.50
	Democratic	John P. Flannery II	95,074	37.49
	Write-ins		23	<0.01
Total votes			253,625	100.00
	Republican hold

1986 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[30]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	95,724	60.20
	Democratic	John G. Milliken	63,292	39.80
	Write-ins		7	<0.01
Total votes			159,023	100.00
	Republican hold

1988 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[31]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	188,550	68.09
	Democratic	Bob L. Weinberg	88,284	31.88
	Write-ins		74	0.03
Total votes			276,908	100.00
	Republican hold

1990s

1990 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[32]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	103,761	61.46
	Democratic	N. MacKenzie Canter III	57,249	33.91
	Independent	Barbara S. Minnich	5,273	3.12
	Independent	Lyndon LaRouche	2,293	1.36
	Write-ins		249	0.15
Total votes			168,825	100.00
	Republican hold

1992 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[33]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	144,471	63.59
	Democratic	Raymond E. Vickery Jr.	75,775	33.35
	Independent	Alan R. Ogden	6,874	3.03
	Write-ins		71	0.03
Total votes			227,191	100.00
	Republican hold

1994 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[34]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	153,311	87.34
	Independent	Alan R. Ogden	13,687	7.80
	Independent	Robert L. Rilee	8,267	4.71
	Write-ins		266	0.15
Total votes			175,531	100.00
	Republican hold

1996 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[35]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	169,266	72.02
	Democratic	Bob L. Weinberg	59,145	25.17
	Independent	Gary A. Reams	6,500	2.77
	Write-ins		102	0.04
Total votes			235,013	100.00
	Republican hold

1998 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[36]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	103,648	71.60
	Democratic	Cornell W. Brooks	36,476	25.20
	Independent	Robert A. Buchanan	4,506	3.11
	Write-ins		125	0.09
Total votes			144,755	100.00
	Republican hold

2000s

2000 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[37]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	238,817	84.20
	Independent	Brian M. Brown	28,107	9.91
	Independent	Marc A. Rossi	16,031	5.65
	Write-ins		682	0.24
Total votes			283,637	100.00
	Republican hold

2002 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[38]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	115,917	71.72
	Democratic	John B. Stevens Jr.	45,464	28.13
	Write-ins		234	0.14
Total votes			161,615	100.00
	Republican hold

2004 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[39]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	205,982	63.77
	Democratic	James R. Socas	116,654	36.11
	Write-ins		375	0.12
Total votes			323,011	100.00
	Republican hold

2006 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[40]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	138,213	57.32
	Democratic	Judy Feder	98,769	40.96
	Libertarian	Wilbur N. Wood III	2,107	0.87
	Independent	Neeraj C. Nigam	1,851	0.77
	Write-ins		194	0.08
Total votes			241,134	100.00
	Republican hold

2008 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[41]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	223,140	58.80
	Democratic	Judy Feder	147,357	38.83
	Independent	Neeraj C. Nigam	8,457	2.23
	Write-ins		526	0.14
Total votes			379,480	100.00
	Republican hold

2010s

2010 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	131,116	62.87
	Democratic	Jeff Barnett	72,604	34.81
	Libertarian	Bill Redpath	4,607	2.21
	Write-ins		229	0.11
Total votes			208,556	100.00
	Republican hold

2012 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[43]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Wolf (Incumbent)	214,038	58.41
	Democratic	Kristin Cabral	142,024	38.76
	Independent	Kevin Chisholm	9,855	2.69
	Write-in		527	0.14
Total votes			366,444	100
	Republican hold

2014 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[44]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Barbara Comstock	125,914	56.49%
	Democratic	John Foust	89,957	40.36%
	Libertarian	Bill Redpath	3,393	1.52%
	Independent	Brad Eickholt	2,442	1.10%
	Independent Greens	Dianne Blais	946	0.42%
	Write-in		258	0.12%
Total votes			222,910	100%
	Republican hold

2016 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[45]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Barbara Comstock (Incumbent)	210,791	52.69%	-3.8%
	Democratic	LuAnn Bennett	187,712	46.92%	+6.56%
	Write-in		1,580	0.39%	+0.27%
Total votes			400,083	100%	+79.48%
	Republican hold

2018 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[46]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Jennifer Wexton	206,356	56.1%	+9.2%
	Republican	Barbara Comstock (Incumbent)	160,841	43.7%	-9.0%
	Write-in		598	0.2%	-0.2%
Total votes			367,795	100%	-8.4%
	Democratic gain from Republican

2020s

2020 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[47]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Jennifer Wexton (incumbent)	268,734	56.5%	+0.4%
	Republican	Aliscia Andrews	206,253	43.4%	-0.3%
	Write-in		559	0.1%	-0.1%
Total votes			475,546
	Democratic hold

2022 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Jennifer Wexton (incumbent)	157,405	53.15%	-3.35%
	Republican	Hung Cao	138,163	46.65%	+3.25%
	Write-in		577	0.19%	+.09%
Total votes			296,145
	Democratic hold

List of members representing the district

Representative	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
District established March 4, 1789
Samuel Griffin	Pro-Administration	March 4, 1789 – March 3, 1791	1st 2nd	Elected in 1789. Re-elected in 1790. Redistricted to the 13th district.
Samuel Griffin	Anti-Administration	March 4, 1791 – March 3, 1793	1st 2nd
Carter B. Harrison	Anti-Administration	March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1795	3rd 4th 5th	Elected in 1793. Re-elected in 1795. Re-elected in 1797. Retired.
Carter B. Harrison	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1799	3rd 4th 5th
Edwin Gray	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1799 – March 3, 1803	6th 7th	Elected in 1799. Re-elected in 1801. Redistricted to the 19th district.
John Dawson	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1813	8th 9th 10th 11th 12th	Redistricted from the 15th district and re-elected in 1803. Re-elected in 1805. Re-elected in 1807. Re-elected in 1809. Re-elected in 1811. Redistricted to the 11th district.
Aylett Hawes	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1817	13th 14th	Redistricted from the 9th district and re-elected in 1813. Re-elected in 1815. Retired.
George F. Strother	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1817 – February 10, 1820	15th 16th	Elected in 1817. Re-elected in 1819. Resigned.
Vacant		February 11, 1820 – November 12, 1820	16th
Thomas L. Moore	Democratic-Republican	November 13, 1820 – March 3, 1823	16th 17th	Elected to finish Strother's term in August 1820 and seated November 13, 1820. Re-elected in 1821. Retired.
William C. Rives	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825	18th 19th 20th 21st	Elected in 1823. Re-elected in 1825. Re-elected in 1827. Re-elected in 1829. Resigned to become U.S. Minister to France.
William C. Rives	Jacksonian	March 4, 1825 – April 17, 1829	18th 19th 20th 21st
Vacant		April 18, 1829 – January 24, 1830	21st
William F. Gordon	Jacksonian	January 25, 1830 – March 3, 1833	21st 22nd	Elected in 1829 to finish Rives's term and seated January 25, 1830. Re-elected in 1831. Redistricted to the 12th district.
Joseph W. Chinn	Jacksonian	March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835	23rd	Elected in 1833. Lost re-election.
John Taliaferro	Anti-Jacksonian	March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837	24th 25th 26th 27th	Elected in 1835. Re-elected in 1837. Re-elected in 1839. Re-elected in 1841. Retired.
John Taliaferro	Whig	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1843	24th 25th 26th 27th
William Lucas	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845	28th	Elected in 1843. Lost re-election.
Henry Bedinger III	Democratic	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1849	29th 30th	Elected in 1845. Re-elected in 1847. Lost re-election.
Richard Parker	Democratic	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851	31st	Elected in 1849. Elected Virginia Circuit Court judge.
Charles J. Faulkner	Whig	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853	32nd	Elected in 1851. Redistricted to the 8th district.
Zedekiah Kidwell	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1857	33rd 34th	Elected in 1853. Re-elected in 1855. Retired.
Sherrard Clemens	Democratic	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1861	35th 36th	Elected in 1857. Re-elected in 1859. Retired.
William G. Brown	Unionist	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	37th	Elected in 1861. Retired.
District inactive		March 4, 1863 – June 19, 1863	38th	Civil War
District moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863
District re-established March 4, 1885
John R. Tucker	Democratic	March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1887	49th	Elected in 1884. Retired.
Jacob Yost	Republican	March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1889	50th	Elected in 1886. Lost re-election.
Henry S. Tucker III	Democratic	March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1897	51st 52nd 53rd 54th	Elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Retired.
Jacob Yost	Republican	March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1899	55th	Elected in 1896. .
Julian M. Quarles	Democratic	March 4, 1899 – March 3, 1901	56th	Elected in 1898. Retired.
Henry D. Flood	Democratic	March 4, 1901 – December 8, 1921	57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th 67th	Elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Died.
Vacant		December 9, 1921 – March 20, 1922	67th
Henry S. Tucker III	Democratic	March 21, 1922 – July 23, 1932	67th 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd	Elected to finish Flood's term. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Died.
Vacant		July 24, 1932 – November 7, 1932	72nd
Joel W. Flood	Democratic	November 8, 1932 – March 3, 1933	72nd	Elected to finish Tucker's term. Retired.
District dissolved March 4, 1933
District re-established January 3, 1953
Joel T. Broyhill	Republican	January 3, 1953 – December 31, 1974	83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th 88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd	Elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Lost re-election.
Vacant		December 31, 1974 – January 3, 1975	93rd
Joseph L. Fisher	Democratic	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1981	94th 95th 96th	Elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Lost re-election.
Frank R. Wolf	Republican	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 2015	97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd 103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th 113th	Elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Retired.
Barbara Comstock	Republican	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2019	114th 115th	Elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Lost re-election.
Jennifer Wexton	Democratic	January 3, 2019 – present	116th 117th 118th	Elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022. Retiring at the end of term.

Historical district boundaries

2003–2013

2013–2023

References

Bureau, US Census. "Geography Program". www.census.gov.
Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
"2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
McCaffrey, Scott (July 20, 2018). "Ex-Del. Brink: Wexton has edge, but count Comstock out at your peril". Inside Nova.
DePietro, Andrew. "The Wealthiest Congressional Districts Of 2022". Forbes. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
Kondik, Kyle; Skelley, Geoffrey. "House 2016: How a Democratic Wave Could Happen". University of Virginia Center for Politics. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
Brownstein, Ronald (July 20, 2018). "There are absolutely two Americas. Sometimes in the same state". NBC.
Portnoy, Jenna (August 1, 2018). "Rep. Comstock, running for reelection, won't vote for a government shutdown no matter how much Trump wants one". Washington Post.
Edgerton, Anna (August 9, 2018). "A 'Killer Campaigner' for the GOP Swims Against a Blue Tide in Virginia". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
Virginia Department of Elections. Official election results. The Library of Virginia.
"Presidential Results by Congressional District, 2000-2008".
Virginia State Board of Elections: Results by District, 2008 Presidential election. Accessed February 11, 2015.
Virginia State Board of Elections: Results by District, 2012 Presidential election. Accessed February 11, 2015.
"Governor>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
"Lieutenant Governor>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
"Attorney General>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
"Turnout by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
"Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for the 2016 and 2012 elections". Daily Kos. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
"2017 Governor's Election Results by US Congressional District". VPAP. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
"2018 U.S. Senate Results by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
"Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012".
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1970" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 7, 1972" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1974" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 2, 1976" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 4, 1980" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 1982" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1984" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1986" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 8, 1988" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 3, 1992" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 5, 1996" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"2000 ELECTION STATISTICS".
"2002 ELECTION STATISTICS".
"2004 ELECTION STATISTICS".
"2006 Election Statistics".
"November 2008 Unofficial Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
"November 2, 2010 General and Special Elections Official Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
"November 6, 2012 General Election Official Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
"Election Results | Virginia Department of Elections". Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
"2016 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
"2018 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
"2020 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Archived from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
"2022 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved November 11, 2022.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links

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[1] Bureau, US Census. "Geography Program". www.census.gov.

[auto-2] Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.

[Cook-3] "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 10, 2023.

[4] McCaffrey, Scott (July 20, 2018). "Ex-Del. Brink: Wexton has edge, but count Comstock out at your peril". Inside Nova.

[5] DePietro, Andrew. "The Wealthiest Congressional Districts Of 2022". Forbes. Retrieved November 22, 2022.

[Sabato-6] Kondik, Kyle; Skelley, Geoffrey. "House 2016: How a Democratic Wave Could Happen". University of Virginia Center for Politics. Retrieved April 20, 2016.

[7] Brownstein, Ronald (July 20, 2018). "There are absolutely two Americas. Sometimes in the same state". NBC.

[8] Portnoy, Jenna (August 1, 2018). "Rep. Comstock, running for reelection, won't vote for a government shutdown no matter how much Trump wants one". Washington Post.

[9] Edgerton, Anna (August 9, 2018). "A 'Killer Campaigner' for the GOP Swims Against a Blue Tide in Virginia". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

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