Wallace (New Zealand electorate)

Wallace was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was established in 1858, the first election held in 1859, and existed until 1996. From 1861 to 66, it was represented by two members. In total, there were 18 Members of Parliament from the Wallace electorate.

Population centres

The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853, based on the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 that had been passed by the British government. The Constitution Act also allowed the House of Representatives to establish new electorates, and this was first done in 1858, when four new electorates were formed by splitting existing electorates.[1] Wallace was one of those four electorates, and it was established by splitting the Dunedin Country electorate.[2] Settlements in the initial area were Invercargill, Gore, Mataura, and Riverton.[3]

This electorate was in the rural part of Southland.

History

The first election was held on 30 November 1859 during the term of the 2nd New Zealand Parliament, and was won by Dillon Bell.[4] The electorate was named after Scottish military hero William Wallace.[5]

For the term of the 3rd New Zealand Parliament (1861–66), it was a two-member electorate. From 1866 to its dissolution in 1996, it was a single-member electorate.[6]

In 1938 additional areas added from Central Otago and the West Coast made Wallace the biggest (non-Māori) electorate in New Zealand.[7]

In the 1996 election, the first MMP election, the electorate was combined with the adjacent Clutha electorate into the Clutha-Southland electorate.

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent   Liberal   Reform   National

Single-member electorate
Election Winner
1859 election Dillon Bell
Multi-member electorate
Election Winners
1861 election Dillon Bell Walter Mantell
Single-member electorate
Election Winner
1866 election Alexander McNeill
1st 1869 by-election Cuthbert Cowan
2nd 1869 by-election George Webster
1871 election
1875 by-election Christopher Basstian
1875 election James Joyce
1879 election Henry Hirst
1881 election Theophilus Daniel
1884 election Henry Hirst
1887 election Samuel Hodgkinson
1890 election James Mackintosh
1893 election
1896 election Michael Gilfedder
1899 election
1902 election John Thomson
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election Adam Hamilton
1922 election John Thomson
1925 election Adam Hamilton
1928 election
1931 election
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election Tom Macdonald
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election Brian Talboys
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1978 election
1981 election Derek Angus
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election Bill English
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Clutha-Southland)

Election results

1993 election
1993 general election: Wallace[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Bill English 9,832 55.93 -14.59
Labour Lesley Soper 4,254 24.20
Alliance P J Horton 2,359 13.42
Christian Heritage J P Stevens 628 3.57 -0.40
Independent M La Roche 217 1.23
McGillicuddy Serious Robyn West 201 1.14
Natural Law B Bull 87 0.49
Majority 5,578 31.73
Turnout 17,578 79.98
Registered electors 21,977

1990 election
1990 general election: Wallace[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Bill English 12,243 70.52
Labour David Soper 3,357 19.33
Christian Heritage J P Stevens 690 3.97
NewLabour Marinus La Rooij 556 3.20
Social Credit J P Sawyers 366 2.10
Democrats P Miller 148 0.85
Majority 8,886 51.18
Turnout 17,360 82.56 -3.91
Registered electors 21,026

1987 election
1987 general election: Wallace[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Derek Angus 12,323 66.91 +13.85
Labour Barry Julian 4,729 25.67
Democrats M J Radich 1,038 5.63
Independent Charmaine Smith 327 1.77
Majority 7,594 41.23 +11.29
Turnout 18,417 86.47 -4.71
Registered electors 21,298

1984 election
1984 general election: Wallace[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Derek Angus 10,034 53.06 +0.91
Labour Calvin Fisher 4,371 23.11
NZ Party Kevin Phillips 3,270 17.29
Social Credit J T Hicks 1,234 6.52
Majority 5,663 29.94 -4.03
Turnout 18,909 91.18 +1.90
Registered electors 20,737

1981 election
1981 general election: Wallace[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Derek Angus 10,065 52.15
Social Credit Owen Horton 3,507 18.17 +1.35
Labour Ernest Dix 3,143 16.28
Independent Aubrey Begg 2,585 13.39
Majority 6,558 33.97
Turnout 19,300 89.28 +13.55
Registered electors 21,615

1978 election
1978 general election: Wallace[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 9,253 49.47 -15.07
Labour Jim Thomson 3,929 21.00
Social Credit Owen Horton 3,147 16.82 +5.74
Independent National June Slee 2,199 11.75
Values C E Henderson 176 0.94
Majority 5,324 28.46 -14.71
Turnout 18,704 75.73 -9.45
Registered electors 24,698

1975 election
1975 general election: Wallace[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 10,433 64.54 +12.34
Labour Ian Lamont 3,455 21.37 +10.99
Social Credit Owen Horton 1,792 11.08
Values John Veitch 484 2.99
Majority 6,978 43.17 +23.33
Turnout 16,164 85.18 -2.22
Registered electors 18,976

1972 election
1972 general election: Wallace[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 7,640 52.20 -4.37
Labour Ian Lamont 4,736 32.36
Social Credit F J Williams 1,382 9.44 -5.65
Liberal Reform A G J McDonald 796 5.43
New Democratic I C Lumsden 80 0.54
Majority 2,904 19.84 -13.68
Turnout 14,634 87.40 +2.75
Registered electors 16,743

1969 election
1969 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 7,646 56.57 +2.82
Labour J Robson 3,115 23.04
Social Credit F J Williams 2,040 15.09 -4.58
Country Party R J Egerton 714 5.28
Majority 4,531 33.52 +6.34
Turnout 13,515 84.65 +0.03
Registered electors 15,965

1966 election
1966 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 7,841 53.75 -9.71
Labour Aubrey Begg 3,876 26.57
Social Credit F J Williams 2,870 19.67 +12.01
Majority 3,965 27.18 -13.23
Turnout 14,587 84.62 -1.74
Registered electors 17,238

1963 election
1963 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 9,013 63.46 -5.04
Labour John Reid 3,272 23.04
Social Credit F J Williams 1,088 7.66
Liberal V D Stevens 828 5.83
Majority 5,740 40.41 -4.31
Turnout 14,201 86.36 -2.20
Registered electors 16,443

1960 election
1960 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 8,786 68.50 +5.56
Labour E Harris 3,050 23.77
Social Credit J P Stack 990 7.71 +0.72
Majority 5,736 44.72 +11.84
Turnout 12,826 88.56 -1.90
Registered electors 14,482

1957 election
1957 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Brian Talboys 8,266 62.94
Labour John Reid 3,947 30.05
Social Credit J P Stack 919 6.99
Majority 4,319 32.88
Turnout 13,132 90.46 +2.15
Registered electors 14,516

1954 election
1954 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Macdonald 7,405 62.22 -8.91
Labour J W Cleary 2,939 24.69 -4.17
Social Credit S A Shaw 1,557 13.08
Majority 4,466 37.52 -4.75
Turnout 11,901 88.31 +0.68
Registered electors 13,476

1951 election
1951 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Macdonald 8,515 71.13 +2.72
Labour J W Cleary 3,455 28.86
Majority 5,060 42.27 +5.44
Turnout 11,970 87.63 -3.94
Registered electors 13,659

1949 election
1949 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Macdonald 8,379 68.41 +3.95
Labour Herman Victor Freeman 3,868 31.58
Majority 4,511 36.83 +7.14
Turnout 12,247 91.57 -2.28
Registered electors 13,374

1946 election
1946 general election: Wallace[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Macdonald 8,068 64.46
Labour David Johnston Munro 4,352 34.77
Independent Leslie A. Murrell 95 0.75
Majority 3,716 29.69
Turnout 12,515 93.85 +2.11
Registered electors 13,334

1943 election
1943 general election: Wallace[12][13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Adam Hamilton 4,738 55.03 +1.03
Labour John James Lynch 3,131 36.36 -9.13
Independent Patrick McMullan 675 7.84
Informal votes 65 0.75 +0.25
Majority 1,607 18.66 +10.15
Turnout 8,609 91.74 -0.96
Registered electors 9,384

1938 election
1938 general election: Wallace[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Adam Hamilton 5,353 54.00 +3.34
Labour John James Lynch 4,509 45.49
Informal votes 50 0.50 -0.08
Majority 844 8.51 -13.53
Turnout 9,912 92.70 +1.33
Registered electors 10,692

1935 election
1935 general election: Wallace[15][16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Adam Hamilton 4,674 50.66 -17.16
Labour Lawrence Edmond 2,640 28.61
Democrat William Hinchey 1,821 19.73
Independent Labour Thomas Rewcastle 91 0.98
Informal votes 54 0.58 -0.31
Majority 2,034 22.04 -13.60
Turnout 9,226 91.37 +9.06
Registered electors 10,097

1931 election
1931 general election: Wallace[17][18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Adam Hamilton 5,408 67.82 +19.03
Independent Peter Gilfedder 2,566 32.18
Informal votes 72 0.89 -0.19
Majority 2,842 35.64 +35.42
Turnout 8,046 82.31 -9.38
Registered electors 9,775

1928 election
1928 general election: Wallace[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Adam Hamilton 4,360 48.79 -4.66
United Walter Taylor 4,340 48.56
Independent Liberal George Pulley 139 1.55
Informal votes 97 1.08 -0.28
Majority 20 0.22 -17.52
Turnout 8,936 91.69 +1.43
Registered electors 9,745

1925 election
1925 general election: Wallace[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Adam Hamilton 4,001 53.45 +5.19
Labour James Morris MacKenzie 2,673 35.71
Liberal George Shepherd Edie 432 5.77
Independent Liberal Peter Gilfedder 277 3.70
Informal votes 102 1.36 +0.76
Majority 1,328 17.74 +14.87
Turnout 7,485 93.12 +5.02
Registered electors 8,038

1922 election
1922 general election: Wallace[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Thomson 3,646 51.13 +2.02
Reform Adam Hamilton 3,441 48.26 -1.60
Informal votes 43 0.60 -0.41
Majority 205 2.87
Turnout 7,130 88.10 +5.37
Registered electors 8,093

1919 election
1919 general election: Wallace[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Adam Hamilton 2,843 49.86
Liberal John Thomson 2,800 49.11 -9.37
Informal votes 58 1.01 -0.01
Majority 43 0.75
Turnout 5,701 82.73 -0.59
Registered electors 6,891

1914 election
1914 general election: Wallace[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Thomson 3,036 58.48
Reform Alexander Rodger 2,155 41.51
Informal votes 53 1.02
Majority 881 16.97
Turnout 5,191 83.32
Registered electors 6,230

1899 election
1899 general election: Wallace[24][25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Michael Gilfedder 1,896 53.06 +26.73
Conservative Allen Carmichael 1,677 46.94
Majority 219 6.13 3.71
Turnout 3,573 78.05 1.46
Registered electors 4,578

1896 election
1896 general election: Wallace[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Michael Gilfedder 756 26.33
Liberal Rev. Thomas Neave[27] 640 22.29
Conservative Hugh Valentine 585 20.38
Conservative Henry Hirst 487 16.96
Liberal James Mackintosh 403 14.04
Majority 116 4.04
Registered electors 3,927

1890 election
1890 general election: Wallace[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal James Mackintosh 675 44.47
Conservative Samuel Hodgkinson 497 32.74
Independent Henry Hirst 346 22.79
Majority 178 11.72
Turnout 1,518 54.31
Registered electors 2,795

1875 by-election
1875 Wallace by-election[29][30][31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Christopher Basstian 57 48.72
Independent Robert Cameron 38 32.48
Independent Dr Francis Alexander Monckton 22 18.80
Majority 19 16.24
Turnout 117

Notes
  1. McRobie 1989, p. 29.
  2. McRobie 1989, pp. 29f.
  3. McRobie 1989, p. 31.
  4. Wilson 1985, p. 183.
  5. "Exit Bruce: When an electorate is eliminated". New Zealand Parliament. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  6. Wilson 1985, p. 275.
  7. "Alterations to Wallace Electorate". No. 4347. Lake Wakatip Mail. 11 January 1938. p. 5.
  8. Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. pp. 131–2.
  9. Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. pp. 136–7.
  10. Norton 1988, p. 383.
  11. Norton 1988, p. 382.
  12. "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  13. "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Wallace". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 4637. 7 October 1943. p. 5. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
  14. "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
  15. The General Election, 1935. Government Printer. 1936. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  16. "Local & General". Western Star. 12 November 1935. p. 2. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  17. The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 5. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  18. "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Wallace". Otautau Standard and Wallace County Chronicle. Vol. XXVII, no. 1349. 15 December 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  19. The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 3. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  20. The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  21. The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. 1923. p. 2. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  22. Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  23. Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. pp. 1–33. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  24. "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 3. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  25. "Orepuki". Otago Witness. No. 2385. 23 November 1899. p. 34. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  26. "Otago". Auckland Star. Vol. XXVII, no. 305. 23 December 1896. p. 6. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
  27. Cyclopedia Company Limited (1905). "The Rev. Thomas Neave". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Otago & Southland Provincial Districts. Christchurch: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
  28. "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  29. "The Wallace Election". Evening Star. 9 August 1875.
  30. "Wallace Election". Otago Witness. 9 August 1875.
  31. "Invercargill". The Evening Post. 9 August 1875.

References
  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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